1. Short-term isocaloric fructose restriction lowers apoC-III levels and yields less atherogenic lipoprotein profiles in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome
- Author
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Alejandro Gugliucci, Ayca Erkin-Cakmak, Robert H. Lustig, Jean-Marc Schwarz, Kathleen Mulligan, Russell Caccavello, Susan M. Noworolski, Viva W. Tai, and Michael J. Wen
- Subjects
Male ,Apolipoprotein E ,Pediatric Obesity ,Very low-density lipoprotein ,Apolipoprotein B ,Lipoproteins, VLDL ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Cardiovascular ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,HDL subclasses ,Medicine ,Child ,LDL subclasses ,Metabolic Syndrome ,African Americans ,biology ,Hispanic or Latino ,Lipoproteins, LDL ,Stroke ,Heart Disease ,Female ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Hispanic Americans ,Lipoproteins, HDL ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,VLDL ,medicine.medical_specialty ,HDL ,Adolescent ,Lipoproteins ,Clinical Sciences ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Fructose ,LDL ,03 medical and health sciences ,Clinical Research ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Obesity ,Triglycerides ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Nutrition ,Apolipoprotein C-III ,Triglyceride ,apoC-III ,business.industry ,Hypertriglyceridemia ,Atherosclerosis ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,Black or African American ,Glucose ,Apolipoproteins ,Endocrinology ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Metabolic syndrome ,business ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
Background and aimsDietary fructose may play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In a recently published study of obese children with MetS, we showed that isocaloric fructose restriction reduced fasting triglyceride (TG) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C). In these ancillary analyses, we tested the hypothesis that these effects were also accompanied by improved quantitative and qualitative changes in LDL and HDL subclasses and their apolipoproteins; as well as change in VLDL, particularly apoC-III.MethodsObese children with MetS (n=37) consumed a diet that matched self-reported macronutrient composition for nine days, with the exception that dietary fructose was reduced from 11.7±4.0% to 3.8±0.5% of daily calories and substituted with glucose (in starch). Participants underwent fasting biochemical analyses on Days 0 and 10. HDL and LDL subclasses were analyzed using the Lipoprint HDL and LDL subfraction analysis systems from Quantimetrix.ResultsSignificant reductions in apoB (78±24 vs. 66±24mg/dl) apoC-III (8.7±3.5 vs. 6.5±2.6mg/dl) and apoE (4.6±2.3 vs. 3.6±1.1mg/dl), all p 
- Published
- 2016