1. Increased ultra-processed food consumption is associated with worsening of cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with metabolic syndrome: Longitudinal analysis from a randomized trial.
- Author
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González-Palacios S, Oncina-Cánovas A, García-de-la-Hera M, Martínez-González MÁ, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Schröder H, Martínez JA, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Romaguera D, López-Miranda J, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem JL, Cano-Ibañez N, Tur JA, Martín-Sánchez V, Pintó X, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía-Martín P, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Daimiel L, Ros E, Bes-Rastrollo M, Atzeni A, Sorli JV, Zomeño MD, Peña-Orihuela PJ, Compañ-Gabucio LM, Barón-López FJ, Zulet MÁ, Konieczna J, Casas RM, Garrido-Garrido EM, Tojal-Sierra L, Gomez-Perez AM, Ruiz-Canela M, Palau A, Saiz C, Pérez-Vega KA, Garcia-Rios A, Torres-Collado L, Basterra-Gortari J, Garcidueñas-Fimbres TE, Malcampo M, and Vioque J
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Food, Processed, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Fast Foods adverse effects, Diet adverse effects, Triglycerides, Metabolic Syndrome diagnosis, Metabolic Syndrome epidemiology
- Abstract
Background and Aims: The association between changes in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains understudied. We evaluated the association between changes in UPF consumption over 12 months of follow-up and changes in CMR factors in adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome., Methods: We analysed data from 5373 adults (aged 55-75 years) participating in the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Diet was evaluated at baseline, 6- and 12-month visits using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and UPF consumption (in grams/day and percentage of total daily dietary intake in grams) was categorized based on NOVA classification. We used mixed-effects linear models with repeated measurements at baseline, 6 and 12 months of follow-up to assess the associations between changes in UPF consumption and changes in CMR factors adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyles variables., Results: In multivariable-adjusted models, when comparing the highest versus the lowest quartile of UPF consumption, positive associations were found for several CMR factors: weight (kg, β = 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.26); BMI (kg/m
2 , β = 0.39; 0.33 to 0.46); waist circumference (cm, β = 1.03; 0.81 to 1.26); diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg, β = 0.67; 0.29 to 1.06); fasting blood glucose (mg/dl, β = 1.66; 0.61 to 2.70); HbA1c (%, β = 0.04; 0.01 to 0.07); triglycerides (mg/dl, β = 6.79; 3.66 to 9.91) and triglycerides and glucose index (β = 0.06; 0.04 to 0.08)., Conclusions: Higher UPF consumption was associated with adverse evolution in objectively measured CMR factors after 12 months of follow-up in adults with metabolic syndrome. Further research is needed to explore whether these changes persist for longer periods., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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