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Objective: The objective of this research is to investigate the differences in salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels between children with gingivitis who have acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and are in the maintenance phase of chemotherapy and the levels in healthy children with gingivitis.Methods: This study used cross-sectional and laboratory observation methods with 19 ALL children and 19 healthy children who all had mild gingivitis. Two mL of saliva were collected and stored at −200°C. Then, salivary sIgA levels were measured using the ELISA method.Results: The results indicate an insignificant difference (p>0.05) in salivary sIgA levels between the ALL children in the maintenance phase with the level of 21.38 (7.23–107.26) and 37.26 (11.24–135.63) for the healthy children.Conclusion: There is no significant difference in salivary sIgA levels between the ALL children in the maintenance phase and the healthy children.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the differences activity of salivary Streptococcus mutans bacteria in children suffer acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in phase of chemotherapy, induction, intensification/consolidation, and maintenance.Methods: This study was a laboratory observational, and cross-sectional method, conducted 19 ALL children in phase of chemotherapy, induction, intensification/consolidation, and maintenance. 2 mm of dental plaque was collected from mesiobuccal first permanent molar and incubated for 48 h at 37°C, and the bacterial activity of S. mutans measured by Cariostat.Results: Odds ratio analysis among chemotherapy phase of induction, intensification/consolidation, and maintenance is not significant (p>0.05) differences.Conclusion: The highest activity bacteria of S. mutans were found in the induction phase

Objective: This study was conducted to analyze the effects obtained with different concentrations (0.5 and 0.1%) of propolis flavonoids on in vitro biofilm formation by clinical Streptococcus mutans strains isolated from children’s dental plaque. Materials and Methods: S. mutans isolated from children’s dental plaque was assayed for biofilm formation in 96-microwell plates using crystal violet. Results: The effects on S. mutans biofilm formation were the same for propolis flavonoids administered at concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1% (p>0.01). Conclusion: A 0.05% propolis flavonoids concentration was deemed as effective as a 0.1% concentration at inhibiting S. mutans biofilm formation.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the effect of milk-based, soy-based, and protein hydrolysate formulas against Streptococcus mutans (SM) biofilm formation.Methods: Infant formula used is intended for children aged 1-3 years, and each respective type of infant formula is represented by three distinct brands.Results: Our results showed a significant difference in the effect of milk-based, soy-based, and protein hydrolysate formulas against SM biofilm formation (p=0.002).Conclusion: Cow’s milk-based formula showed the lowest SM biofilm formation.