1. Viral infections and implications for male reproductive health
- Author
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Joël R. Drevet, Jorge Hallak, Sandro C. Esteves, Thiago A Teixeira, Esper G. Kallas, Yasmin C Oliveira, Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto, Felipe S. Bernardes, Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Universidade Federal do Amapà (UNIFAP), Universidade Estadual de Campinas = University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), and Drevet, Joel
- Subjects
Male ,viruses ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Review ,medicine.disease_cause ,Zika virus ,viral persistence ,0302 clinical medicine ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,[SDV.BDD.GAM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Gametogenesis ,[SDV.BDD.GAM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Gametogenesis ,[SDV.BDLR.RS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,biology ,Zika Virus Infection ,semen ,General Medicine ,Hepatitis B ,Hepatitis C ,Reproductive Health ,Virus Diseases ,[SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Infertility ,Sexual transmission ,Urology ,Mumps virus ,testis ,sperm ,Virus ,[SDV.BDLR.RS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction ,reproduction ,03 medical and health sciences ,male genital tract ,sexual transmission ,medicine ,Humans ,Viral shedding ,Ebola virus ,Herpes Genitalis ,business.industry ,Papillomavirus Infections ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 ,business - Abstract
International audience; Viral infections have haunted humankind since times immemorial. Overpopulation, globalization, and extensive deforestation have created an ideal environment for a viral spread with unknown and multiple shedding routes. Many viruses can infect the male reproductive tract, with potential adverse consequences to male reproductive health, including infertility and cancer. Moreover, some genital tract viral infections can be sexually transmitted, potentially impacting the resulting offspring's health. We have summarized the evidence concerning the presence and adverse effects of the relevant viruses on the reproductive tract (mumps virus, human immunodeficiency virus, herpes virus, human papillomavirus, hepatitis B and C viruses, Ebola virus, Zika virus, influenza virus, and coronaviruses), their routes of infection, target organs and cells, prevalence and pattern of virus shedding in semen, as well as diagnosis/testing and treatment strategies. The pathophysiological understanding in the male genital tract is essential to assess its clinical impact on male reproductive health and guide future research.
- Published
- 2021
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