1. ACE inhibitors in SSc patients display a risk factor for scleroderma renal crisis—a EUSTAR analysis
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Bütikofer L, Varisco PA, Distler O, Kowal-Bielecka O, Allanore Y, Riemekasten G, Villiger PM, Adler S, Avouac J, Walker UA, Guiducci S, Airò P, Hachulla E, Valentini G, Carreira PE, Cozzi F, Gurman AB, Braun-Moscovici Y, Damjanov N, Ananieva LP, Scorza R, Jimenez S, Busquets J, Li M, Müller-Ladner U, Maurer B, Tyndall A, Lapadula G, Iannone F, Becvar R, Sierakowsky S, Bielecka OK, Cutolo M, Sulli A, Cuomo G, Vettori S, Rednic S, Nicoara I, Vlachoyiannopoulos P, Montecucco C, Caporali R, Novak S, Czirják L, Varju C, Chizzolini C, Kucharz EJ, Kotulska A, Kopec-Medrek M, Widuchowska M, Rozman B, Mallia C, Coleiro B, Gabrielli A, Farge D, Hij A, Hesselstrand R, Scheja A, Wollheim F, Martinovic D, Govoni M, Monaco AL, Hunzelmann N, Pellerito R, Bambara LM, Caramaschi P, Black C, Denton C, Henes J, Santamaria VO, Heitmann S, Krasowska D, Seidel M, Oleszowsky M, Burkhardt H, Himsel A, Salvador MJ, Stamenkovic B, Stankovic A, Tikly M, Starovoytova MN, Engelhart M, Strauss G, Nielsen H, Damgaard K, Szücs G, Mendoza AZ, de la Puente Buijdos C, Sifuentes Giraldo WA, Midtvedt Ø, Garen T, Launay D, Valesini G, Riccieri V, Ionescu RM, Opris D, Groseanu L, Wigley FM, Mihai CM, Cornateanu RS, Ionitescu R, Gherghe AM, Gorga M, Dobrota R, Bojinca M, Schett G, Distler JHW, Meroni P, Zeni S, Mouthon L, De Keyser F, Smith V, Cantatore FP, Corrado A, Ullman S, Iversen L, Pozzi MR, Eyerich K, Hein R, Knott E, Szechinski J, Wiland P, Szmyrka-Kaczmarek M, Sokolik R, Morgiel E, Krummel-Lorenz B, Saar P, Aringer M, Günther C, Anic B, Baresic M, Mayer M, Radominski SC, de Souza Müller C, Azevedo VF, Agachi S, Groppa L, Chiaburu L, Russu E, Zenone T, Stebbings S, Highton J, Stamp L, Chapman P, Baron M, O'Donnell J, Solanki K, Doube A, Veale D, O'Rourke M, Loyo E, Rosato E, Pisarri S, Tanaseanu CM, Popescu M, Dumitrascu A, Tiglea I, Chirieac R, Ancuta C, Furst DE, Kafaja S, de la Peña Lefebvre PG, Rubio SR, Exposito MV, Sibilia J, Chatelus E, Gottenberg JE, Chifflot H, Litinsky I, Venalis A, Butrimiene I, Venalis P, Rugiene R, Karpec D, Kerzberg E, Montoya F, Cosentino V, Castellvi I., Publica, Bütikofer, L, Varisco, Pa, Distler, O, Kowal-Bielecka, O, Allanore, Y, Riemekasten, G, Villiger, Pm, Adler, S, Avouac, J, Walker, Ua, Guiducci, S, Airò, P, Hachulla, E, Valentini, G, Carreira, Pe, Cozzi, F, Gurman, Ab, Braun-Moscovici, Y, Damjanov, N, Ananieva, Lp, Scorza, R, Jimenez, S, Busquets, J, Li, M, Müller-Ladner, U, Maurer, B, Tyndall, A, Lapadula, G, Iannone, F, Becvar, R, Sierakowsky, S, Bielecka, Ok, Cutolo, M, Sulli, A, Cuomo, G, Vettori, S, Rednic, S, Nicoara, I, Vlachoyiannopoulos, P, Montecucco, C, Caporali, R, Novak, S, Czirják, L, Varju, C, Chizzolini, C, Kucharz, Ej, Kotulska, A, Kopec-Medrek, M, Widuchowska, M, Rozman, B, Mallia, C, Coleiro, B, Gabrielli, A, Farge, D, Hij, A, Hesselstrand, R, Scheja, A, Wollheim, F, Martinovic, D, Govoni, M, Monaco, Al, Hunzelmann, N, Pellerito, R, Bambara, Lm, Caramaschi, P, Black, C, Denton, C, Henes, J, Santamaria, Vo, Heitmann, S, Krasowska, D, Seidel, M, Oleszowsky, M, Burkhardt, H, Himsel, A, Salvador, Mj, Stamenkovic, B, Stankovic, A, Tikly, M, Starovoytova, Mn, Engelhart, M, Strauss, G, Nielsen, H, Damgaard, K, Szücs, G, Mendoza, Az, de la Puente Buijdos, C, Sifuentes Giraldo, Wa, Midtvedt, Ø, Garen, T, Launay, D, Valesini, G, Riccieri, V, Ionescu, Rm, Opris, D, Groseanu, L, Wigley, Fm, Mihai, Cm, Cornateanu, R, Ionitescu, R, Gherghe, Am, Gorga, M, Dobrota, R, Bojinca, M, Schett, G, Distler, Jhw, Meroni, P, Zeni, S, Mouthon, L, De Keyser, F, Smith, V, Cantatore, Fp, Corrado, A, Ullman, S, Iversen, L, Pozzi, Mr, Eyerich, K, Hein, R, Knott, E, Szechinski, J, Wiland, P, Szmyrka-Kaczmarek, M, Sokolik, R, Morgiel, E, Krummel-Lorenz, B, Saar, P, Aringer, M, Günther, C, Anic, B, Baresic, M, Mayer, M, Radominski, Sc, de Souza Müller, C, Azevedo, Vf, Agachi, S, Groppa, L, Chiaburu, L, Russu, E, Zenone, T, Stebbings, S, Highton, J, Stamp, L, Chapman, P, Baron, M, O'Donnell, J, Solanki, K, Doube, A, Veale, D, O'Rourke, M, Loyo, E, Rosato, E, Pisarri, S, Tanaseanu, Cm, Popescu, M, Dumitrascu, A, Tiglea, I, Chirieac, R, Ancuta, C, Furst, De, Kafaja, S, de la Peña Lefebvre, Pg, Rubio, Sr, Exposito, Mv, Sibilia, J, Chatelus, E, Gottenberg, Je, Chifflot, H, Litinsky, I, Venalis, A, Butrimiene, I, Venalis, P, Rugiene, R, Karpec, D, Kerzberg, E, Montoya, F, Cosentino, V, and Castellvi, I.
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INVOLVEMENT ,Male ,Hypertension, Renal ,ACE inhibitors ,lcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,Scleroderma Renal Crisis ,MULTICENTER ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ,Scleroderma ,Scleroderma renal crisis ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,610 Medicine & health ,Renal ,Antihypertensive drugs ,Outcome ,antihypertensive drugs ,arterial hypertension ,outcome ,scleroderma renal crisis ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Hazard ratio ,Acute Kidney Injury ,Middle Aged ,Europe ,Treatment Outcome ,Population Surveillance ,Cohort ,Hypertension ,Female ,360 Social problems & social services ,Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src ,Research Article ,Arterial hypertension ,medicine.medical_specialty ,03 medical and health sciences ,ENDOTHELIN-1 ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Aged ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,Scleroderma, Systemic ,business.industry ,SYSTEMIC-SCLEROSIS ,Systemic ,medicine.disease ,Concomitant ,lcsh:RC925-935 ,business - Abstract
Objectives To investigate the effect of ACE inhibitors (ACEi) on the incidence of scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) when given prior to SRC in the prospectively collected cohort from the European Scleroderma Trial and Research Group (EUSTAR). Methods SSc patients without prior SRC and at least one follow-up visit were included and analyzed regarding SRC, arterial hypertension, and medication focusing on antihypertensive medication and glucocorticoids (GC). Results Out of 14,524 patients in the database, we identified 7648 patients with at least one follow-up. In 27,450 person-years (py), 102 patients developed SRC representing an incidence of 3.72 (3.06–4.51) per 1000 py. In a multivariable time-to-event analysis adjusted for age, sex, disease severity, and onset, 88 of 6521 patients developed SRC. The use of ACEi displayed an increased risk for the development of SRC with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.55 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.65–3.95). Adjusting for arterial hypertension resulted in a HR of 2.04 (95%CI 1.29–3.24). There was no evidence for an interaction of ACEi and arterial hypertension (HR 0.83, 95%CI 0.32–2.13, p = 0.69). Calcium channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), endothelin receptor antagonists, and GC—mostly in daily dosages below 15 mg of prednisolone—did not influence the hazard for SRC. Conclusions ACEi in SSc patients with concomitant arterial hypertension display an independent risk factor for the development of SRC but are still first choice in SRC treatment. ARBs might be a safe alternative, yet the overall safety of alternative antihypertensive drugs in SSc patients needs to be further studied.
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- 2020