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The article analyzes the temporal trends and subgroup differences in youths to serve in the U.S. Military. The data for the study was taken from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan's Monitoring the Future project, which surveyed high school seniors since 1975 and eighth and tenth grade students since 1991. The first phase of the all-volunteer force was classified by entry-level military pay that had been adjusted upward in the last years of conscription, recruiting resources which had been improved to make the volunteer force a success. The second phase was just the reversal of the first phase.

The article analyzes a large-scale longitudinal survey to monitor the quantity and quality of personnel in the civilian labor force who might be available for voluntary military service. A survey program conducted by the University of Michigan is "Monitoring the Future" (MtF) project. Under the survey, high school seniors were monitored since 1975 to find out the course of their subsequent career up to the age of thirty-five. The data is used to address questions about the aptitude of young workers to enlist in the armed forces.