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Objectives: Intramedullary (IM) nailing is the preferred method for treatment of femoral shaft fractures. However, for the surgical staff and the patients, exposure to large dose of X-rays is inevitable during the procedure. In this paper, a new technique based on ultrasound is proposed to guide the reduction of femoral fractures, reducing radiation exposure.Methods and Results: By means of particular continuous transverse and multiplanar longitudinal scanning, the deformity pattern information of the fracture could be efficiently acquired. Adequate reduction could be achieved under the real-time guidance of intraoperative ultrasound.Conclusions: Intraoperative ultrasound can guide the reduction of femoral shaft fracture using IM nailing, and reduce the radiation exposure of medical staff and patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]