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Introduction: Accumulating evidence has shown the potential of bergamottin as an anticancer agent. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anticancer affects of bergamottin (µM) against colon cancer cells. Material and methods: Antiproliferative effects were evaluated by WST-1 cell viability assay. Apoptotic effects were studied by DAPI and Annexin V/ PI staining. Cell cycle analysis was carried out by flow cytometry. Transwell assay was used to study the effects on cell invasion. Protein expression was estimated by the western blot method. Results: The results showed that bergamottin suppresses the proliferation of all the human colon cancer cell lines. Nonetheless, the growth inhibitory effects of bergamottin on the HT-29 and RKO cells were more significant (IC50, 12.5 µM). The anticancer effects of bergamottin on the HT-29 and RKO cells were mainly due to apoptosis. Bergamottin could considerably increase the expression of Bax and reduce the expression Bcl-2. The cleavage of caspase-3, 8 and 9 was also enhanced upon bergamottin treatment of the colon cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis showed that bergamottin also induced G2/M cell cycle arrest of the HT-29 and RKO cells. Additionally, bergamottin could also suppress the invasion of HT-29 and RKO cells. The Raf/ MEK/ERK pathway is regarded as one of the essential pathways involved in the development and progression of cancers. Herein, it was observed that bergamottin could concentration dependently block this pathway in colon cancer cells. In vivo study revealed that bergamottin could also suppress the growth of tumours in xenografted mice models. Conclusions: Taken together, bergamottin suppresses the proliferation of colon cancer cells and may be utilised in the development of chemotherapy for colon cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The present study aims to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of elite biopsy, to provide a reference for selecting the puncture method.Material and methods: A total of 802 patients with a BI-RADS grade ≥ 4, as evaluated by the molybdenum target, and measurable lesions revealed by colour Doppler ultrasound, who were admitted at our department from January 2017 to January 2018, were enrolled in the present study. These patients were randomly divided into three groups: elite, Mammotome and core needle biopsy groups. The pathological underestimation rate, diagnostic accordance rate, haematoma incidence rate, and costs of these three biopsy methods were compared.Results: The difference in diagnostic accordance rates between the elite biopsy group and core needle biopsy group was statistically significant (98.9% vs. 94.7%, p = 0.003), as well as between the Mammotome biopsy group and core needle biopsy group (99.6% vs. 94.7%, p < 0.001). The difference in pathological underestimation rates between the elite biopsy group and core needle biopsy group was statistically significant (7.2% vs. 37.3%, p < 0.001), as well as between the Mammotome biopsy group and core needle biopsy group (1.6% vs. 7.2%, p < 0.001). The difference between the Mammotome biopsy group and elite biopsy group was not statistically significant. The incidence of haematoma in the Mommotome, elite, and core needle groups was 15.9%, 13%, and 21.7%, respectively (13% vs. 21.7%, p = 0.021).Conclusions: Elite biopsy has a low rate of pathological underestimation and low incidence of haematoma, can improve the breast conserving rate, and has an affordable cost. As a biopsy method with high accuracy, safety, and economy, elite biopsy can be widely used in clinics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]