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Background: To analyze the characteristics of the patients with diagnosis of spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma associated with anticoagulation therapy and antiplatet therapy. Methods: From January 2006 to March 2013, 9 patients (6 from Haseki Training and Research Hospital - Urology Department and 3 from Istanbul Medical Faculty - Gynecology and Obstetric Department) were included in the study. Patients charts including sex, age, comorbidities, main complaint, and medication intake were examined. Also initial hemoglobin level, initial International Normalized Ratio level, red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma units transfused were evaluated. Results: Median age was 60 year-old. Abdominal pain and flank pain were common symptoms. Eight patients were taking only anticoagulation therapy, 2 only antiplatet therapy and 1 both anticoagulation and antiplatet therapy. Median initial hemoglobin value was 9,0 g/dL and median International Normalized Ratio level was 3.2 Patients were evaluated by abdominal ultrasonography or abdominal computer tomography. Seven patients were treated conservatively. Only one patient died because of septic shock with a mortality ratio of 11%. Conclusion: Despite benefits of anticoagulation and antiplatet theraphy these agents have serious side-affects as retroperitoneal hemorrhage in elderly patients taking multi-drug medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim of the study: To investigate success of endoscopic lithotripsy for bladder stone following stress urinary incontinance surgery and contraception surgery. Materials and methods: Charts of patients admitted in two centers between January 2006 and March 2013 were retrospectively reviewed and seven women were enrolled in our study. Patients demographic parameters including age, main complaint(s), previous surgery type, time to diagnosis were analyzed. Also operative time, hospitalisation lenght, perioperative and postoperative complication( s) were evaluated. Results: Five patients had undergone tension free vaginal tape procedure and one patient had undergone transobturator tape procedure. Median age was 62 (50-71) years. In one patient bladder stone formed around an intrauterine device. Dysuria (85%), hematuria (57%) and recurrent urinary tract infection (57%) were the main complaints. The median diagnosis time was 44.1 months. Abdominal ultrasonography and non contrast enhanced computer tomography were performed for five and two patients respectively and diagnosis was confirmed cystoscopically. Endoscopic lithotripsy using Holmium laser lithotripter or pneumatic lithotripter was used for all cases. The mean operation time was 41.2 minutes (20-70) and success was 100%. There was no intraoperative complication. Only one patient had fever higher than 38°C postoperatively and was treated by appropriate antibiotic. The median hospitalisation time was 1.57 day. Conclusion: In conclusion endoscopic lithotripsy is a safe and effective approach to manage bladder stone associated with mid-urethral synthetic slings and intrauterine devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]