1. Physical activity positively impacts disability outcomes during transition from midlife to early older age irrespective of body mass index.
- Author
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Vasilopoulos, Terrie, Drozda, David, and Vincent, Heather K.
- Subjects
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BODY mass index , *FUNCTIONAL assessment , *SEDENTARY lifestyles , *AGE distribution , *QUALITY of life , *PHYSICAL activity , *PEOPLE with disabilities , *PHYSICAL mobility , *ACTIVITIES of daily living , *ACTIVE aging , *MIDDLE age , *OLD age - Abstract
• Distinct trajectories exist for physical activity and BMI from middle to older age. • Trajectories in physical activity included an emergent physical activity group. • Stable-high and emergent physical activity groups had better later-life function. • Benefits of physical activity on function existed across different BMI trajectories. We examined the effects of physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) longitudinal patterns (trajectories) on subjective measures of mobility, function, and disability in adults and assessed whether effects of PA trajectories on function varied due to BMI. Group-based trajectory analyses were used to determine patterns of change in PA and BMI using data from the Health and Retirement Study 1931–1941 birth cohort (n = 10,507). Physical function was assessed by Mobility Limitations (0–5 scale) and Large Muscle Function (0–4 scale) Indexes, as well as with score for activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), with higher scores being worse. Our analyses estimated four distinct PA trajectories: decreasing, (2) fluctuating, (3) stable high, and (4) emergent (previously low/sedentary with increased PA over the study period). Worse mobility limitations, large muscle function, ADLs, and IADLs were associated with Decreasing and Fluctuating PA groups. Better outcomes were associated with Emergent and Stable High PA groups. The five BMI trajectories were stable normal/overweight, modest decreasing, fluctuating, steep decreasing, and increasing. No significant interaction existed between PA and BMI trajectories for Mobility Limitations (P = 0.577), Large Muscle Function (P = 0.511), ADLs (P = 0.600), and IADLs (P = 0.152). These findings may empower clinicians to promote messages to midlifers that meaningful changes in PA can improve function in older age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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