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4 results on '"Morris, J. K."'

2. Prevention of neural tube defects in the UK: a missed opportunity.

Author

Morris, J. K., Rankin, J., Draper, E. S., Kurinczuk, J. J., Springett, A., Tucker, D., Wellesley, D., Wreyford, B., and Wald, N. J.

Subjects
NEURAL tube defect prevention, PREGNANCY complications, DISEASE prevalence, STILLBIRTH, ABORTION statistics, ENRICHED foods, FOLIC acid, FOOD, NEURAL tube defects, PRECONCEPTION care, PRENATAL care, ACQUISITION of data
Abstract

Objective: In 1991, the Medical Research Council (MRC) Vitamin Study demonstrated that folic acid taken before pregnancy and in early pregnancy reduced the risk of a neural tube defect (NTD). We aimed to estimate the number of NTD pregnancies that would have been prevented if flour had been fortified with folic acid in the UK from 1998 as it had been in the USA.Design: Estimates of NTD prevalence, the preventive effect of folic acid and the proportion of women taking folic acid supplements before pregnancy were used to predict the number of NTD pregnancies that would have been prevented if folic acid fortification had been implemented.Setting: Eight congenital anomaly registers in England and Wales.Main Outcome Measures: The prevalence of pregnancies with an NTD in the UK and the number of these pregnancies that would have been prevented if folic acid fortification had been implemented.Results: From 1991 to 2012, the prevalence of NTD pregnancies was 1.28 (95% CI 1.24 to 1.31) per 1000 total births (19% live births, 81% terminations and 0.5% stillbirths and fetal deaths ≥20 weeks' gestation). If the USA levels of folic acid fortification from 1998 onwards had been adopted in the UK, an estimated 2014 fewer NTD pregnancies would have occurred.Conclusions: Failure to implement folic acid fortification in the UK has caused, and continues to cause, avoidable terminations of pregnancy, stillbirths, neonatal deaths and permanent serious disability in surviving children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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3. Epidemiology of congenital cerebral anomalies in Europe

Author

Kari Klungsøyr, Ingeborg Barisic, Olatz Mokoroa, Diana Wellesley, Martin Haeusler, Karen Luyt, Catherine Lynch, Monica Lanzoni, Ester Garne, Bruno Schaub, Mary O'Mahony, Christine Verellen-Dumoulin, Anna Pierini, Elizabeth S Draper, Florence Rouget, Awi Wiesel, Clara Cavero-Carbonell, Anke Rissmann, Natalia Zymak-Zakutnia, Jennifer J Kurinczuk, David Tucker, Miriam Gatt, Amanda J. Neville, Vera Nelen, Joan K Morris, Judith Rankin, Hanitra Randrianaivo, Natalie Lelong, Paula Braz, Jorieke E. H. Bergman, Marie-Claude Addor, and Reproductive Origins of Adult Health and Disease (ROAHD)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Population, Prevalence, congenital abnorm, epidemiology, Prenatal diagnosis, Congenital Abnorm, Congenital Abnormalities, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, EUROCAT, International Classification of Diseases, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Registries, education, Child, Fetal Death, education.field_of_study, Fetus, Obstetrics, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), RENAC, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Stillbirth, Observação em Saúde e Vigilância, Estados de Saúde e de Doença, medicine.disease, Europe, Child, Preschool, Population Surveillance, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Gestation, Female, business, Anomalias Congénitas, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology and geographical differences in prevalence of congenital cerebral anomalies in Europe.Design and settingCongenital cerebral anomalies (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code Q04) recorded in 29 population-based EUROCAT registries conducting surveillance of 1.7 million births per annum (29% of all European births).ParticipantsAll birth outcomes (live births, fetal deaths from 20 weeks gestation and terminations of pregnancy after prenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly (TOPFA)) from 2005 to 2014.Main outcome measuresPrevalence, proportion of associated non-cerebral anomalies, prenatal detection rate.Results4927 cases with congenital cerebral anomalies were identified; a prevalence (adjusted for under-reporting) of 9.8 (95% CI: 8.5 to 11.2) per 10 000 births. There was a sixfold difference in prevalence across the registries. Registries with higher proportions of prenatal diagnoses had higher prevalence. Overall, 55% of all cases were liveborn, 3% were fetal deaths and 41% resulted in TOPFA. Forty-eight per cent of all cases were an isolated cerebral anomaly, 25% had associated non-cerebral anomalies and 27% were chromosomal or part of a syndrome (genetic or teratogenic). The prevalence excluding genetic or chromosomal conditions increased by 2.4% per annum (95% CI: 1.3% to 3.5%), with the increases occurring only for congenital malformations of the corpus callosum (3.0% per annum) and ‘other reduction deformities of the brain’ (2.8% per annum).ConclusionsOnly half of the cases were isolated cerebral anomalies. Improved prenatal and postnatal diagnosis may account for the increase in prevalence of congenital cerebral anomalies from 2005 to 2014. However, major differences in prevalence remain between regions.

Published
2019

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