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Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the serum magnesium (Mg) levels in diabetic and prediabetic patients and its correlation with age, body-mass index, HOMA-IR, serum fasting glucose, HbA1c, and insulin levels.Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 130 patients consisted of newly diagnosed prediabetes (Group PD) (n=63) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (Group D) (n=67) were included. Patients' age, body mass index, serum Mg, glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR and HbA1c were recorded. The prediabetes and type 2 diabetes diagnoses had been made according to WHO criteria at the time of diagnosis.Results: In group D, the mean Mg level (1.88 ± 0.17 mg/dl) was significantly lower than group PD (1.96 ± 0.17 mg/dl) (p = 0.007). Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between Mg and glucose (r = -0.390, p = 0.001) and HOMA-IR (r = -0.284; p = 0.022) in the group D. No correlation was found between serum Mg level and serum insulin, HbA1c, age, and body-mass index (p = 0.801, 0.087, 0.611 and 0.691, respectively). In group PD, serum insulin, HbA1c, glucose, HOMA-IR, age, and body-mass index were not corraleted with serum Mg levels (p = 0.801, 0.087, 0.939, 0.998, 0.611 and 0.691, respectively). Conclusıon: We showed that while there was a negative correlation between magnesium levels and HOMA-IR and fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic patients, but this correlation was not present in prediabetic patients. Our results suggest that serum Mg level is associated with metabolic control of type 2 diabetes and thus it can be considered in these patients.