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Land desertification develops in a gradual manner and can bring about great natural and social disasters. As an important measure that can benefit the nation, desertification restoration can greatly benefit the whole nation and is the key to the restoration of the ecological environment and sustainable development. Based on citation overview theory and literature visualization tool, this research adopts CiteSpace software for the visualized analysis on environmental restoration studies published in SCIE and SSCI from 2000 to 2020 and statistical analysis based on years, nations (areas), work units, authors, journals and key words. The research results show that the number of published papers issued annually tends to rise in the world, especially China. About half of the published papers come from China, in which Chinese Acad Sci units have the largest number of periodicals but limited international influence. Core journals such as BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, P LANT SOIL and ECOLOGY have made greater contributions to this field and multiple themes have been selected, including Gurbantunggut desert, mycorrhizae, soil restoration, Karst, and vegetation pattern formation. The research can be divided into three stages: The inception stage is from 2000 to 2006 with the protection and control of desertification as the major targets; the development stage is from 2007 to 2016, during which ecological system, policy, and reafforestation become the focus of the study; the third stage is from 2017 to 2020 during which period there is no catchphrase and relevant studies are represented as diversified development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a dynamic monitoring solution for Android. It is not invasive and can be deployed quickly. It also uses plug-in technology to create a host application with monitoring behavior. The application can run as a plug-in and monitor the behavior of host app, so as to load the host app monitored by the host application. Based on this, based on the data of PM2.5 concentration in w City from 2018 to 2020, the paper analyzes the time distribution characteristics and obtains its statistical characteristics, such as the highest average of PM2.5 concentration in summer and winter, and concludes that the conclusion is the lowest in summer and the highest in winter. Secondly, the relationship between PM2.5 concentration and other air pollutants and meteorological factors around the environment is studied by the theory of correlation stepwise regression analysis. Finally, the paper makes a systematic study on the safety of sports training of young female athletes in S Province. Nowadays, in S Province, there are few research literature on the safety of young women athletes in sports training. Therefore, the research test combines literature data method and other research methods to conduct descriptive epidemiological investigation on the safety of sports training. The author puts forward the conclusion countermeasures by taking the research of the avoidance behavior into consideration, which is to say, according to the athletes' technical level, injury, and other factors, and strengthen the application of multimedia teaching, increase interactive teaching discussion, stimulate the interest of athletes' learning, and improve the influence of tactical learning. In this paper, PM2.5 concentration data based on Android dynamic monitoring is applied to the research of sports training security, so as to promote the development of sports training security research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, cloudsim cloud simulation tool is studied, and its running environment is reasonably configured. Taking the platform as the background, the improved genetic algorithm proposed in this paper is used for simulation experiment that is to optimize the genetic algorithm through simulated annealing behavior. Through the simulation experiment of the improved genetic algorithm, it can be known that the genetic algorithm designed in this paper can satisfy multiple customers one by one and has a certain improvement effect on cloud service quality. In this paper, the problem of rainfall anomaly in city D is studied. The results show that the rainfall anomaly of city D is related to solar activity, 500hPa height field in winter and SST in the Central South Pacific from June to August of the previous year. It is found that there is almost no rainfall during the high solar activity years, while there is frequent rainfall near the low solar activity years. Finally, according to the homomorphic encryption mechanism, this paper studies the protection of data confidentiality in computer network security and the multistorage technology of big data. In this research scheme, by adding a certain number of virtual objects to two different computing information dummies, we successfully protect the data such as the number of items owned by the data owner, the content of the items owned, and the item objects called by the user. In addition, this paper uses bilinear mapping and RS coding technology to create related protocols to solve some problems, such as infinite verification of big data integrity, error data recovery, and protection of data owner's computing resources. Through the design of solutions to the above problems, this paper successfully completed the protection of big data resources and network security based on cloud computing environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seven years after the launch of the first Sentinel-1 satellite, its data have been widely used in the scientific community. This study provides the first quantitative analysis of the visibility of the Sentinel-1 mission to the scientific literature through a bibliometric analysis of 1628 articles published in scientific journals during the 2014–2020 period. The main findings show that the number of Sentinel-1 mission-related papers increased significantly over the years, with an annual growth rate of 83%. Remote sensing is the most popular journal where 31.75% of the publication collection has been published. China and the USA are the two most productive countries with a share of 22.30% and 16.22% in the collection. Research based on the Sentinel-1 data covered a wide range of topics in geoscience disciplines. The use of SAR interferometry, focusing on the studies of landslide, earthquake, ground deformation, and subsidence, is the most important research direction using Sentinel-1 data. Image fusion of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 observations for mapping and monitoring applications is the second most important research direction. Other popular research areas are glaciology, soil moisture, agriculture, rice monitoring, and ship detection. This study uses bibliographic data derived only from the Scopus database; therefore, it might not cover all Sentinel-1 related documents. However, this paper is a good reference for researchers who want to use Sentinel-1 data in their studies. The two Sentinel-1 satellites will provide scientific data for years to come, meaning that this type of analysis should be done on a regular basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effect of saturation methods on the SWCC (soil-water characteristic curve) values of the soil (matric suction) was investigated. The objectives of this study are making a comparison between the soil saturation methods and the effect of soil saturation methods on the SWCC. The study also makes a comparison between determining of SWCC using (Whatman 42) filter paper method and Mp6 sensor device. The methods that were studied are the saturation by adding water to the top surface of the sample and sample saturation through the capillary by adding water to the bottom of the samples, and the third used method of saturation is by compacting the soil with a predetermined water content to give a certain degree of saturation. The laboratory specimens were used to evaluate the effect of different methods of soil saturation and methods of sample preparation, on the obtained SWCC, also to compare the results of SWCC that were obtained by using MP6 sensor with the filter paper method. The saturation methods adopted and investigated in this study are the top surface water adding, capillary water raise, and compaction of the soil with predefined water content. The wetting and drying of SWCC have been obtained to all the used saturation methods, by using both the MP6 sensor and the filter paper method. The results showed that the samples that were saturated by the capillary method had higher soil water characteristic SWCC values than those saturated by adding water at the top of the sample surface or those prepared by compacting the soil with a predetermined water content. The comparison between the three methods of saturation reveals that the capillary rise saturation gives a higher value than the top surface water top and the variable water content method for both wetting and drying SWCC cases. Also, the top surface water top gives higher magnitude of SWCC than variable water content method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, many cities in the world have been hit by the high temperature heat wave and suffered heavy losses. And many coastal cities have been affected to a certain extent. Through reasonable urban form and architectural design to cope with the heat wave, improving the city's ability to cope with high temperature has become an important planning and mitigation strategy to adapt to urban high temperature. In this paper, big data is applied to the study of coastal weather characteristics. From the perspective of urban planning and architecture, the interaction mechanism of coastal weather characteristics is discussed by using quantitative analysis methods such as correlation analysis and spatial regression model, which provides an important basis for the planning and urban design of high temperature heat wave. Then, taking urban morphology parameters, land use parameters and LST as variables, Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated by SPSS and GeoDa tools, and a spatial regression model was established to explore the quantitative relationship between coastal weather characteristics and land surface temperature. In the Pearson correlation coefficient, the correlation between vegetation coverage and LST is the largest, showing a negative correlation, with the coefficient of −0.595; 595. In addition to coastal climate types, the correlation between building density and LST is the largest, the coefficient is 0.360, positive correlation, the correlation is the smallest. With the application of big data technology, the tax collection and management mode will develop in the direction of intelligence, efficiency, fairness, and accuracy. Big data technology will provide a new direction for the research of coastal meteorological characteristics and the optimization of urban enterprise finance and taxation. In this paper, through the study of coastal meteorological characteristics of big data, it is applied in the city enterprise financial tax, to promote the enterprise financial tax more standardized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the uncertainty in earthquake forecasting, seismic hazard analysis has been considered to be the better method to estimate site-specific response spectra in seismic design. This research addresses a seismic hazard study for the Sarcheshmeh Copper Site in the Kerman Province, in southeast Iran. The first part of this paper includes an evaluation of seismotectonic and seismicity conditions throughout the study area. The second part addresses the seismic hazard analysis procedure followed by the determination of design ground motion parameters which is finally expressed in terms of peak ground acceleration in deterministic and probabilistic schemes. The peak ground acceleration (PGA) was obtained for the 75-, 475-, and 2475-year return period spectrum. (Kijko and Sellevoll's in Bull Seismol Soc Am 79(3):645 654, 1989) method was used for the evaluation of seismicity parameters, and the SEISRISK III computer program was used to conduct the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. Finally, the third part is devoted to the development of the earthquake design spectrum obtained by dynamic ground response analysis. Site response analysis program, EERA (Equivalent-linear Earthquake site Response Analysis), which implements an equivalent linear approach, was used for one-dimensional ground response analyses. The subsurface conditions including the geometry of the soil layers and their dynamic properties were extracted from the geotechnical investigations. Based on the results, the PGA values for the 75-, 475-, and 2475-year return period spectrum are 0.087, 0.302, and 0.425, respectively. This paper can provide guidance on conducting seismic hazard analyses at other sites. Also, the results could be used for earthquake-resistant design of civil engineering infrastructures of the studied area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the results from an experimental program to examine the effects of adding fly ash and rice husk ash on select geotechnical characteristics of industrial leachate contaminated plastic soils obtained from multiple sites of two different cities in Pakistan. The analysis revealed that the addition of fly ash and rice husk ash in a textile leachate contaminated soil could significantly reduce the plasticity and compression indices while improving both undrained shear strength and compaction characteristics. Similarly, adding fly ash in a paper leachate contaminated soil resulted in marked decrease in compression and plasticity indices, accompanied with a significant increase in undrained shear strength. Based on comprehensive chemical analysis and the results of scanning electron microscopy imaging, the stabilization mechanism of contaminated soils has been presented that would enhance our understanding of this complex process. Furthermore, the practical implication of this study has been demonstrated with the help of a simple case study, whereby a leachate contaminated soil taken from a different site has been treated and results have been presented to demonstrate immediate practical significance of this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disputes over the tectonic setting of the volcanic rocks of the Carboniferous Dahalajunshan Formation in the Western Tianshan Mountains mainly focus on "island arcs" or "continental rifts." In recent years, analyzing geochemical data based on machine learning method and inferring the tectonic background of basalt is one of the important development directions in the application of geological big data technology. In this paper, 30 elements are selected in a targeted manner, and a total of 5683 basalt samples are obtained from two types of tectonic backgrounds, including island arcs and rifts, of which 4595 samples of island arcs and 1088 samples of rifts are used as samples. The random forest algorithm is used for model training and subsequent prediction of the tectonic background of the Dahalajunshan Formation. The prediction results show that most of the Dahalajunshan Formation volcanic rocks were mainly formed in the island arc environment, and these rocks appeared during the closure of the oceanic basin in the Late Paleozoic. However, a few samples have a high probability of rift valley, which may indicate that they are in the transition from subduction to collision. Through further analysis of the predicted results, it can be inferred that the Dahalajunshan Formation was formed in an active continental margin environment, and was appeared in the final stage of plate subduction-collision from northwest to southeast. The advantage of the new method used in this paper is that it can predict the tectonic background more accurately, and open up ideas for further research on the origin of magmatic rocks, and it can be popularized in the field of geology, and it can promote the further development of geological big data experimental technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has been prepared to detail the main theme of the paper titled "A Comparative study on the application of artificial intelligence networks versus regression analysis for the prediction of clay plasticity" and to improve the content integrity in addition to being a reply to the discussion paper of O'Kelly and Soltani (2021). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The degree of human impact on the environment is closely related to social development. Due to the process of industrialization, economic and social development, and the intensification of human activities, cities are facing serious environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation, which threatens the normal metabolic function and coordinated development of urban ecosystem. These regional ecological and environmental problems seriously threaten the atmosphere, land, and water resources that people rely on for survival and cause great economic losses. The study of the relationship between urbanization and ecological environment is an important part of the study of global environmental change, which is of great significance for the sustainable development of cities and the harmonious development of human and nature. This paper studies the remote sensing image data and night lighting data in the region, and uses appropriate spatial analysis methods in ENVI and GIS to separate the main building areas in the urban center, and quantitatively analyzes the spatial characteristics and the morphological development of urban buildings. Based on GIS and remote sensing technology, combined with pressure state model and analytic hierarchy process, this paper establishes an index system for evaluating urban ecosystem health. Using the method of time, space, quantity, and order of ecological integration, this paper makes a spatial quantitative analysis of geography and obtains the indexes of population disturbance, land reclamation degree, and ecological elasticity. The quantitative measurement of urban population is carried out, and the ecological system, spatial distribution characteristics, and urban evolution law are obtained, as well as the strategies of urban ecosystem in the framework of multi-element communication mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of urbanization has caused many ecological and environmental problems. The green space in the city has important ecological significance. It can reduce the urban climate effect through photosynthesis and improve the quality of urban ecological environment. Therefore, the study of urban vegetation is of great significance. Based on the Landsat TM/OLI remote sensing image as the data source, according to the characteristic curve of soil characteristic spectrum in the study area, TNDVI, RVI, and other 11 vegetation indexes were used to process the Landsat data, and the comparison and analysis were carried out. Based on the vegetation coverage index, the image of the study area is processed to obtain the change of urban forest coverage in the study area. This paper also proposes an image classification algorithm with intermediate functions and tests the performance of the algorithm through experiments. However, in the process of experiment, only fast and simple sequential merging is used, and some problems that may appear in the merging process are not considered, such as redundancy or crosslinks between items after sequential merging. In order to avoid potential problems and further improve the resolution of merging function, this paper is planning regional quotient method based on multi-core learning features. This paper analyzes the current situation of China's existing regional commercial law system, explains the necessity of regional coordination in the field of commercial law, and draws lessons from some useful experience of coordinating regional commercial law in foreign countries. Combined with China's specific national conditions, it proposes to improve the coordinated development of regional commercial legal system, so as to provide theoretical guidance for the practice of coordinating China's regional economic legal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper puts forward a research system for the development of coastal tourism resources and the sustainable development of environment. This paper discusses and classifies the concept, index system, calculation model, island tourism, and other related literature about the development of coastal tourism resources and the sustainable development of environment. In addition, according to the characteristics of the island's ecological environment, the components of ecological capacity are determined. The system determines the first level of four indicators, namely, the capacity of ecological environment, the capacity of resource space environment, the capacity of tourism facilities, and the capacity of tourists' psychological environment. Using simulation analysis, the obtained indicators are compared with the traditional data mining algorithms (such as Apriori and Eclat). The simulation results show that the proposed method has excellent performance, and the final average accuracy of recommendation can reach about 80%. This paper discusses the evolution of coastal tourism resources and the sustainable development of environment in data mining and puts forward the suggestions of using multimedia technology, data mining, and geographic information technology to realize the coastal tourism resource development system and the sustainable development consistent with the space-time environment. In addition, this paper proposes a method to filter the tourism destinations according to the current situation of users and then classifies the tourism destinations by collaborative filtering to study the environmental impact. Big data mining technology will provide new ideas for developing coastal tourism resources and ensuring environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As network services become more open and convenient, Internet services based on web server are gradually in the leading position in network services. Developing ecosystem is an important way to improve ecological environment and realize economic and social benefits. This paper introduces the importance and potential of developing ecosystem in plain area. With the rapid development of China's economy and society and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people's requirements for the living environment continue to improve, and air pollution detection and other issues have increasingly attracted people's attention. The form of air pollution is so serious that it has become an urgent practical problem in China. At the same time, basketball is a sport with a broad mass base. Playing basketball has become an important part of many people's lives, and basketball training is also an important part of China's physical education system. The state attaches great importance to the implementation of basketball training and education and the cultivation of basketball talents. In recent years, there are many problems in China's basketball training. It is difficult to achieve good results in basketball training. Sports departments need innovation in basketball education. Knowledge graph visualization can visualize many abstract knowledge and data, which is very useful for stakeholder research. Basketball coaches can use knowledge map visualization to investigate the deficiencies in basketball training and find the innovation in basketball training, so as to improve the level of basketball education in China. Through the research of web server, this paper applies it to air pollution detection and basketball training visualization in plain areas, so as to promote the improvement of air quality and the development of basketball training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geological, mineralogical, and physicochemical information were used to analyze the possible industrial applications and general observations of the Ammacio kaolin occurrence, which is located southwest of the Central Main Ethiopian Rift. The principal lithologic units present in the study area are basalt, unwelded tuff, and Quaternary sediment. The parent rock for the kaolin is the unwelded tuff unit. The petrographic study of the parent rock indicates the presence of plagioclase, alkali-feldspar, and quartz phenocrysts in a fine-glassy groundmass. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transforms infrared, and scanning electron microscopy analyses suggest that the kaolin samples are made up mostly of kaolinite and quartz minerals, with traces of halloysite and feldspar. The distributions of major and selective trace elements in the parent rocks and the kaolin samples, along with the higher chemical index of alteration (CIA = 84.4%) and chemical index of weathering (CIW = 92.4%), indicate that the kaolin is formed by intense chemical weathering of the unwelded tuff. The overall mineralogical and physicochemical findings suggest that Ammacio kaolin may be employed in a variety of sectors, including in paper coating, as a filler (in the paper, rubber, plastic, and paint industries), ceramics, agriculture, pottery, brick, soap and detergent, cosmetics, fiberglass, pharmaceutical, Portland cement, and synthetic zeolites productions industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a discussion of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 394, Vol. 13, No. 11, which (among other things) proposed a new empirical correlation for the prediction of the plasticity index magnitude (and hence by association the plastic limit value) of fine-grained soils sampled from different depths in the Bakırköy District of Istanbul City. As inputs, the proposed correlation employs the activity index, along with defining parameters of the semi-logarithmic flow curve obtained from the Casagrande (percussion-cup) liquid limit test. This article presents the following: (i) a discussion of the relevant literature that was not covered in the original paper; (ii) clarifications on, and observations regarding, the general approach adopted in the original investigation; (iii) concerns over whether the proposed new empirical correlation can be meaningfully recalibrated for particular clay soil types specific to other regions around the world; and (iv) suggestions for improvement of the new empirical correlation by adopting a different set of input parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil erosion and geotechnical properties are the main factors affecting riverbank stability. The soil geotechnical properties were used widely, but the soil erosion properties were little mentioned in riverbank stability analyses. The erosion properties include the critical shear stress, the erosion rate, and the slope of the erosion curve. In this paper, a modified water flume in the laboratory was conducted to determine erosion properties for soils at the Red riverbank in Hanoi, Vietnam. This paper also builds the relationships between erosion properties and geotechnical properties (dry density, grain size distribution, shear strength, and soil suction). The soil erosion and geotechnical properties were carried out in the geotechnical laboratory at Ibaraki University (Japan) and VNU University of Science (Vietnam). The results indicated that (i) the critical shear stress of nine soils ranges from 0.7 to 7.1 Pa with clay content increase from 10 to 70%, and soil density of 15 kN/m3. The clay content, cohesion force, and residual suction have great effects on the critical shear stress and erosion rate. The change in clay content about of 5% is enough to create a marked change in the erosion rate; (ii) the sand content has the greatest influence on the slope of the erosion curve (the initial slope and the erosion slope); (iii) the density also has a close relationship with both the critical shear stress and the erosion slope. Controlling the soil density and soil grain size content will contribute to riverbank protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a limited number of published data regarding the tectonic style of the foreland of the Bitlis-Zagros Suture Zone in southeast Turkey. Particularly, the relationship between buried thrust faults and blind thrusts is unclear. The location from where the subsurface data of this paper was obtained lies 40 km north of Diyarbakır, and this data has provided an opportunity to define blind thrust related folding and discuss its relationship with the buried thrust faults determined by the earlier work. The 3D land seismic reflection data were recorded for hydrocarbon exploration where the top of the Hoya Formation is defined. The folding of Hoya Formation is interpreted to be related to the blind thrust and back thrust. During the interpretation, the attribute modules of the current seismic interpretation software were used, of which the Fault Likelihood and Automatic Fault Interpretation (AFI) attributes have especially been beneficial. The blind thrust related folding defined in this paper has no surface expressions unlike its counterparts related to the Ergani-Silvan and Mardin blind thrust zones located in the north and south, respectively. The depth and location of the blind thrusts and related structures defined in this paper suggest that they are younger than the buried thrusts and may represent the continuation of the Ergani-Silvan blind thrust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous estimates regarding Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) heavy oil in place (OIP) are expansive, ranging from 2 to 8 billion barrels of oil. Additionally, there is no clear method from the literature indicating how this range was determined. This paper focuses on the creation of a heavy oil inventory for T&T that quantifies, characterizes and maps the exact locations of the main heavy oil reserves and the development of a clear methodology for conducting these assessments. Eleven main heavy oil fields were identified, comprising of six onshore fields and five offshore fields. These eleven oil fields were analysed in this paper to provide an accurate measure of T&T heavy oil reserves which includes original oil in place (OOIP) and OIP. In this paper, heavy oil was defined as having an API gravity of ≤ 22.3°API. The method used for reserve estimation is the volumetric method coupled with that of cumulative production data in order to determine remaining OIP. A five-step method was used for developing the heavy oil inventory, a method fully described in this paper. It was determined that for both onshore and offshore, there exists a total OOIP of 5.52 billion barrels and 5 billion barrels of OIP. An analysis of the cumulative production data for these fields demonstrates that less than 10% of total available heavy oil has been recovered to date. As such, approximately 90% of the total heavy OOIP is still contained in T&T reservoirs. The calculated total for the six major onshore heavy oil fields is 1.42 billion barrels OOIP and 1.15 billion barrels OIP. The calculated total for the five major offshore heavy oil fields is 4.11 billion barrels OOIP and 3.85 billion barrels OIP. This paper also includes static maps, which were created to represent data for the eleven fields. A significant amount of the heavy oil in T&T falls within the 18.1 to 22.3°API range; thus, it is recommended that T&T amends its official heavy oil classification from 18° API gravity to the World Energy Council classification of ≤ 22.3°API, thus aligning T&T with international standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new practical formulation of the load-transfer P-Y curves to analyze the load–deflection response of a single pile under lateral loads is proposed in this paper. Parameters of the P-Y curves, namely the lateral reaction modulus and the lateral soil resistance, were correlated to the pre-bored pressuremeter (PMT) data as well as to the pile/soil stiffness ratio. A total of 16 full-scale monotonic lateral loading tests carried out in six experimental sites in France, representing a variety of soil conditions, were interpreted focused on the construction of the experimental P-Y curves along the test pile. For practical purposes, a methodology of construction of the P-Y curves was proposed. Moreover, the paper highlights the new concept of the critical deflection, which is the threshold of the nonlinear pile/soil response, as well as a classification of piles based on the pile/soil stiffness ratio. The process of validation of the proposed P-Y curve-based method was undertaken by comparing the predicted load–deflection curves to the experimental curves of several test piles within a medium-sized database, and a very good predictive capability was noticed. At last, the concept of the normalized load–deflection curve was introduced to estimate the pile deflection during a preliminary stage of pile design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining being a hazardous operation has extensive environmental, health, and safety risk to miners. So, for an industry like mining to be successful, it should meet not only the production targets but also maintain the highest safety standards for all concerned. In order to improve workplace safety, there is a need of site-specific Safety Management Plan (SMP) which includes identification of hazards and risk assessment by involving main stake holders of work. In this paper, the authors made an attempt to present an approach for systematic implementation of Safety Management Plan at one of the largest coal producing projects of Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL). As a part of this paper, detailed risk assessment (identification of hazards, determination of risk score and control measures, and review of the implementation of risk controls from previous risk assessment sessions) was carried out for opencast transportation. Risk assessment of opencast transportation revealed that the hazard OCTH6 (while reversing causing injury/death of the spotter/other workman present in the vicinity) has the highest risk score of 350, whereas the hazard OCTH2 (uncontrolled movement of tipper resulting in toppling from height) has the lowest risk score of 1.5. The paper also outlined the detailed work programs/control plan of the mining establishment along with responsibility and time frame to eliminate or reduce the risks associated with opencast transportation to improve workplace safety and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work presented in paper is focussed on the development of an accurate time-frequency representation of accelerograms, representing the seismic activity of the Himalayalan regions. The Himalayas have a long history of high levels of seismicity due to the movement of tectonic plates in the region. The effectiveness of the advanced time-frequency analysis (TFA) method known as Wavelet Synchro-Squeezed Transforms (WSST) has been exploited for processing accelerograms of the regions. Obtaining simultaneous time and frequency localizations with high levels of resolution is always challenging for non-stationary signals such as accelerograms. To have better time and frequency localization, the first part of the paper proposes an advanced TFA technique using WSST. The second part of work is then focused on devising a technique for accurate synthesis of the accelerograms to represent the actual and limited seismic records. A WSST based denoising is further proposed to remove the unwanted noise from the signals. Using the available actual recorded data from the region, respective synthetic accelerograms and response spectra have been developed for different magnitude and distance ranges using the WSST technique. The synthetic signals are then authenticated with the actual signal data using different Joint-TFA (JTFA) approaches. The effectiveness of the proposed WSST based synthesis method is further confirmed by higher structural similarity metric (SSIM) scores when compared with the time-frequency representations of the reference ground truth accelerograms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soil–water characteristic curve plays a key role in the study of unsaturated soils, which is the basis of unsaturated soil theory. In the paper, three different test methods, including the pressure plate test, filter paper test, and vapor equilibrium test, are used to measure the soil–water characteristic curves in the full suction range of Hunan clay samples with different initial dry densities, and the Fredlund-xing (FX) model, Van Genuchten (VG) model, and Gardner model were used to fit and analyze the test data. The effect of initial dry density on soil–water characteristic curves in the full suction range is investigated, and the differences in the effect of different models on the fitting of soil–water characteristic curves in the full suction range are analyzed, and the feasibility of obtaining soil–water characteristic curves in the full suction range based on finite experimental data is discussed. The results show that the lower the initial dry density, the greater the volumetric water content of the soil sample in the lower suction range. In the medium suction range, the lower the initial dry density, the lower the volumetric water content of the soil sample. In the high suction range, the initial dry density has little effect on the soil–water characteristic curve. The FX model provides a better fit than the VG and Gardner models. The prediction of soil–water characteristic curves for the full suction range based on finite data depends on the selection of the model and the prediction range, and the FX model's predictions are the closest to the measured values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism resources excellent area and non-excellent area are relative and can be transformed into each other. The universality of the non-excellent areas determines that it is an inevitable trend to develop it under the current conditions of the times. This paper summarizes the research results of domestic and foreign scholars on the non-optimal tourism resources, analyzes the definition and characteristics of non-optimal tourism resources, and summarizes the current development model of non-optimal tourism resources. At the same time, this paper conducts in-depth and detailed research on the development strategy of tourism resources in non-optimal areas in conjunction with the actual situation. Firstly, the external and internal environmental conditions are analyzed, the current development trend of the tourism market is sorted out, then the tourism resources are classified and organized, and profound comparative analysis and evaluation of tourism resources are made from the perspective of dynamic changes of geographical resources. At the same time, the tourism resources are comprehensively evaluated by expert scoring method, and the range of non-excellent areas of tourism resources is established from the perspective of dynamic changes of geographical resources. Next, then through quantitative analysis, various favorable and unfavorable factors in the process of tourism development are objectively summarized. Finally, the strategies of tourism micro-development are proposed from different perspectives, and some specific initiatives to achieve the micro-strategic goals. Combined with the theories related to non-optimal tourism resources, this paper argues that the micro-development of non-optimal tourism strategies can be carried out by establishing government-led mechanisms, preparing tourism integrated planning, implementing dependent and cooperative development strategies, improving tourism product systems, promoting tourism supply-side reform, and innovating promotional and marketing means, to realize the transformation from non-optimal tourism resources to optimal areas. This research paper not only enriches the theoretical research system of tourism resources non-excellent area but also has some practical guidance significance for the micro-development of tourism resources non-excellent area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Late Pleistocene travertine deposits along the Jordan Valley and the north-east margin of the Dead Sea were identified at three locations: Deir Alla, Suwayma and Az Zara areas. The main objectives were to study in detail their lithofacies, sedimentological properties, depositional environments and morphological characteristics. The travertine lithofacies at Deir Alla and Suwayma consist of paper-thin rafts, shrub, crystalline crust, reed, coated gas bubbles, palaeosols and conglomerate-breccia travertines. Az Zara lithofacies consist of reed travertine, shrub travertine, stromatolite, paper-thin rafts travertine and pebbly travertine. The Deir Alla travertines were subjected to meteoric diagenesis, compared with meteogene diagenetic processes which affected the Suwayma travertines. The inactive superambient meteogene Deir Alla travertines were formed in terraced and smooth slope depositional environments. The Suwayma travertines were deposited at fissure-ridge and depression depositional environments. In contrast, the Az Zara travertines were deposited in shallow incised channels, palustrine and fluvial environments associated with the Az Zara springs. The tectonically active Dead Sea transform fault controlled the variable depositional environments of the travertine facies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective acid diversion across high permeable and fractured carbonate reservoirs has always been challenging and even more complicated when stimulating high water cut wells. In these types of wells, it is a challenge to stimulate the oil-bearing zones rather than the water-bearing zone. In the case study discussed in this paper, a polymer-free diverter (non-damaging and diverting acid system) was used to divert and effectively stimulate the target formation. The target formation had been produced at a high water cut, which was highly sensitive to the pressure drawdown applied at the formation face. The prime objective of the treatment was to reduce the formation-face drawdown. The acid treatment of 15% HCl with a polymer-free diverter system was used for efficient and well-controlled matrix stimulation. The system consisted of a self-diverter, which forms a gel as acid is spent and temporarily blocks the pore throat, allowing diversion of the main acid for efficient wax cleaning. Well tests were performed before and after the stimulation treatment. Well test results indicated an increase of ~ 160 bbl/day in oil production with a decrease of water cut to zero from ~ 37%. The increase in oil production and elimination of water cuts shows the success of the stimulation treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are thankful to our colleagues Semmane and Khelif for their comment on our paper published in Arabian Journal of Geosciences (AJGS) (Abbouda et al. Arab J Geosci 11:57, Abbouda et al. 2018) giving us an opportunity for fruitful discussions and by providing further information and data on the Mostaganem seismic event. Indeed, monitoring and studying earthquakes in the Tell Atlas chain are interesting and need to be encouraged on both seismotectonic and seismic hazard aspects. The Abbouda et al. 2018 paper, as indicated in the title, treated two aspects of the May 22, 2014, earthquake: the seismological and seismotectonic aspects. The comment of Semmane and Khelif concerns the seismological aspects of this earthquake. Two points are contested by the authors of the comment: (i) the poorly constructed localization of the main chock epicenter and (ii) the nature of the event occurred about 2 h 25 min before the main shock that was described as a foreshock. Concerning the first point, we admit that there was an erratum and we correct it below. For the second point, we consider that our statement about the event occurred at 3 h 57 min 41.4 s (about 2 h 25 min before) is well justified, and we give more explanation below. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the real-time monitoring of rainfall and atmosphere characteristics and college students' physical training based on target tracking algorithm. In this paper, we use the target tracking algorithm, combined with the GNSS observation stations of BJFS, LHAZ, URUM, CUSV, and PIMO, to calculate the change of rainfall atmosphere characteristics of ULUM station, and then get the PWV above the ULUM station, and compare the PWV obtained by the radiosonde station with the ground-based GNSS inversion results to verify the change of rainfall atmosphere characteristics based on the target tracking algorithm. In order to solve the problem of inaccurate tracking and positioning when the background is cluttered, a target tracking algorithm based on channel reliable local rank transform is proposed. The local rank transform feature combined with lab three-channel image is used to form 16-dimensional feature channel, from which the effective feature channel is selected for fusion to enhance the expression ability of the algorithm for target features. The experimental results show that, compared with the feature channel selected by reliability coefficient, the local rank transform feature channel selected by experience has better tracking effect in specific scene and more accurate position estimation of target. At the same time, with the transformation of China from a sports power to a sports power, sports training is scientific, science and technology help sports, and the guarantee system of sports science integration is gradually improved. The state attaches great importance to the role of science and technology in the training of college athletes, and has purchased a set of Firstbeat sports monitoring system to monitor the athletes' heart rate in real time. A scientific research group is set up to provide scientific and technological services, record the heart rate of athletes during training and competition, so as to determine the "load characteristics" of athletes, and explore the monitoring of athletes' training with heart rate as the object, so as to improve the training quality of athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent 20 years, China has made a lot of efforts and achieved some results in air governance. However, it is not ideal from the result. Some areas of pollution also affect the daily life and physical and mental health of the people, which is an important environmental problem that China needs to solve. This paper presents a double star cooperative AOT inversion algorithm with complex background in urban area. Aiming at the difficulty of AOT inversion on urban area highlighted surface, the paper uses the double satellite remote sensing data and the atmospheric radiation transmission model to realize the inverse reflection of AOT parameters in urban area by using satellite remote sensing image processing. With the development of society, the progress of the times, and the rapid development of urbanization, the environmental pollution problems in some areas also follow. However, this problem is more difficult, because it involves many factors. At present, there is no comprehensive evaluation model to comprehensively evaluate various pollution situations. In this paper, we have carried out a detailed study on the typical model of mountain air pollution and the evaluation method of mountain air pollution. This work provides a practical solution for simulating the air pollution in mountain areas and analyzing environmental data. With the development of economy, people pay more attention to tourism, and the construction of tourism brand has become a trend. Higher and better service has become a new pursuit of consumers in the process of tourism, which makes more rural people get rid of poverty, and further improves the attention and protection of ecological environment. Therefore, this paper studies the assessment of mountain air pollution and the construction of tourism brand by using remote sensing image processing technology, which promotes pollution prevention and tourism industry development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, this paper constructs the safety risk evaluation model of submarine oil pipeline, takes a submarine oil pipeline as an example to evaluate the safety risk, determines the risk level of oil spill and the corresponding reasons, and puts forward the corresponding solutions, but the method is implemented on the basis of safety. The leakage and oil leakage in the submarine oil pipeline pose a very serious threat to the marine environment, which is usually long term. Timely and accurate detection of leakage and understanding of the law of controlling the spread of oil spill risk provide the necessary theoretical guidance for formulating on-site emergency strategy after pipeline leakage and reducing the damage to the environment caused by oil leakage. This paper studies two aspects: leakage detection in submarine oil pipeline and oil spill diffusion in water. In terms of detection, we use fluid dynamics as a starting point to explore the real cause of leakage. The specific operation is to establish the detection model on the basis of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics, seek effective solutions, achieve the goal of effective detection and prediction of leakage location, and finally develop the detection software. Based on the research status at home and abroad and the related concepts and theoretical basis of environmental accounting, this paper first reveals the pollution phenomenon in the production and operation process of PetroChina, so as to reflect the necessity of implementing environmental accounting. In this paper, through the study of risk assessment and accounting of submarine oil pipeline oil spill, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is applied to solve the problem of oil spill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The condition of ocean underlying surface is an important factor to determine the predictability of short-term climate. Different forms of ocean boundary conditions are often used in dynamic forecasting models for forecasting objects with different characteristic scales. Many institutions are still using a forced general circulation model (GCM) based on given SST to predict climate, but there are still differences in the degree of short-term climate prediction affected by different SST frequencies. Considering this, this paper uses the BCC model of the National Climate Center_ Agcm3 which is used to develop and conduct multiple sets of numerical simulations and experiments to predict the impact of SST at different frequencies of each month, week, and day. The results show that the frequency of SST forcing field is similar to that of Asian summer monsoon. As we all know, sprint and middle- and long-distance race belong to speed race group or endurance race group. The movement speed of two types of sports depends on their physiological mechanism, the transformation speed of cerebral cortex motor center, and the performance of nervous system. Although there are many studies on the speed of short-distance running and medium- and long-distance running, there are relatively few studies on the characteristics of middle- and long-distance runners in various sports. The system uses STM32 + MTK dual processor system and uses mpu9250 nine axis inertial sensor and max30102 heart rate sensor to develop acquisition module, positioning module, low-power consumption module, motion data detection module, and heart rate software and hardware system. Finally, this paper designs the results of SST numerical simulation and prediction experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the conflict between human activities and the natural environment has caused the deterioration of the natural environment and human settlements, forcing people to re-examine the relationship between man and nature and architecture and the natural environment. With the concept of sustainable development put forward, architects began to think about how to solve the impact of building on energy and environment from the root. The emergence of ecological building is based on this background, and traditional buildings ignore its ecological impact on the surrounding environment and internal micro environment, resulting in the fact that large numbers of existing green buildings are non-ecological. In view of this situation, this paper first from the ecological point of view expounds the dilemma of human survival due to the excessive destruction of the natural environment, takes architecture as the research scope, takes the ecological characteristics of green buildings as the starting point, and first analyses the impact of green buildings on the urban ecological environment from the perspective of urban design, combined with examples; the paper puts forward different ecological design strategies from the aspects of the preliminary design planning of green building, the design of each part of the building, the design of the internal environment of the building, and the ecological operation in the later stage of the building; sums up the ecological evaluation standards of green building; and finally prospects the development trend of ecological green building in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper first introduces the design and key technologies of the whole interactive VR system, focusing on the principle of the node-based interactive VR system program, the integration of available modules, and the architecture of the plug-in system. It also allows developers to use visualization programs to create scenarios to complete the required design activities. Based on this, this paper uses PSR rough sets and ARIMA model to evaluate the spatial structure strength of beach stability under the combined action of natural and human factors, clarify the potential factors, and to some extent predict the future development trend of L beach. The results of this study illustrate the law of estuarine bank erosion and the theory of ecological stability, which is of great significance to regional wetland safety and beach stability. Finally, by using the methods of literature survey and network survey, this paper selects 13 different first-level public libraries as samples to investigate and study the development of bookbinding mode. There are four characteristics of library bookbinding: personalized intelligent service, interactive three-dimensional service, space reconstruction service, and virtual experience service. At the same time, the paper analyzes the existing problems and points out that it is urgent to strengthen the bookbinding management plan of public libraries and strengthen the service scope and depth of public libraries, so as to improve the necessary functional requirements of public libraries. Moreover, the bookbinding plans of public libraries in different regions are unbalanced and need to be improved. In this paper, the results of the research on the stability of coastal beaches based on interactive VR technology are applied to the bookbinding design of the city library, so as to promote the development of the bookbinding design of the city library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the relevant requirements of Tropical Ocean SST monitoring system are studied in detail, and a Tropical Ocean SST monitoring system is designed and constructed based on big data. The system is mainly divided into four structure layers: presentation layer, application layer, service layer, and data layer. This paper selects MVC framework, the data layer is responsible for retrieving and storing data from the data source and uses spark service layer as the computing engine, the application layer adopts SOA mode, and the presentation layer displays the processed information based on the user interface. According to the above design framework, the Tropical Ocean SST monitoring system based on big data is developed and implemented. Finally, the paper makes a comprehensive study on the cooking skills of marine food in coastal cities, comprehensively introduces the development status of the cooking skills of marine food in restaurants in coastal cities of China, illustrates the cooking skills of some marine food with examples, and investigates the method of evaluating the weight of marine food cooking system, This paper discusses the control and management of seafood cooking system in Chinese restaurants and investigates its cooking control process and methods and how to realize the management of main checkpoints. Combined with the author's many field inspections in this area, the paper makes a horizontal analysis to compare the current situation and existing problems of seafood cooking system in two restaurants and finally draws the research conclusion. In this paper, the research results of tropical ocean temperature and coastal cities based on big data are applied to the research of marine food cooking skills, which promotes the research progress of marine food cooking skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contains a large number of radar data information, analyzes the radar scattering characteristics of water masses in different imaging areas, such as quiet open area, wave area, agricultural area, and compares with the application of high-resolution SAR image extraction algorithm. We also use the data analysis of the data center to explore the evolution characteristics of the high-level and low-level atmospheric circulation and water vapor transport field before and after the beginning and end of the rainy season precipitation anomaly in Southwest China. Then, the low-frequency evolution characteristics of the precipitation anomaly series in the rainy season in Southwest China are analyzed, and eight phases are divided according to the 20–60 day intraseasonal oscillation of precipitation, which provides convenience for the transportation of low-frequency water and air. Thirdly, the method is applied to aerobic exercise. However, people with low blood glucose regulation are generally overweight, and drug treatment itself cannot change their health. Exercise has always been the most effective way of muscle strength training. If aerobic exercise and resistance exercise are combined, it can be combined exercise training. If the sequence and duration are long enough, excess sugar in the body can be burned. Training resistance can be used to improve muscle function and maintain strength. Therefore, the process of aerobic exercise is very important for people with poor blood glucose regulation, and it can also provide more meaningful and targeted concept development for the treatment of diabetes. In order to promote the development and application of SAR map, this paper studies the relationship between abnormal precipitation in rainy season and blood glucose regulation of teenagers during aerobic exercise, and applies it to the study of SAR map. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's rural area is vast, and in the process of diversified urbanization, the trend of rural diversity and differentiation will continue. To this end, the Strategic Plan for Rural Revitalization (2018–2022) in China specifically puts forward the work requirements of "strengthening the guidance of planning and focusing on implementing policies based on categories." Based on POI data in 2020 and gravity model, this paper analyzes the geo-spatial interactions and main economic activities of 1183 rural settlements in a representative city called Yangzhou in Yangtze River Delta, and gives a classification of rural types in this region and an evaluation of the potential of rural revitalization of different categories. The research shows that there is still a great space for rural development in Yangzhou, but there is a problem of unbalanced village development, and the potential of rural revitalization is positively correlated with the relationship between policy and rural location. Through field visits to rural areas with potential for revitalization, it is found that they are mainly affected by urbanization and lack of labor and technical support, as well as lack of attention to social aspects in regional planning. In combination with the guiding ideology of the Strategic Plan for Rural Revitalization (2018–2022), this paper proposes that regional universities should play an important role in the process of realizing regional rural revitalization, and should carry out rural social practice and guide the local employment of college students. This way can realize the popularization of knowledge and make up for the lack of social research in the implementation of national planning and construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we first consider the phenomenon of exponential growth of existing equipment data in substation, introduce the cloud computing operation mode, and build a more scalable MapReduce processing system based on Hadoop platform. Cloud computing is completed by using decision tree C4.5 algorithm, and the algorithm is used to optimize the parallel computing mode on the Hadoop platform as the core of the same data processing. Based on this point, this paper considers the impact of the ecological restoration effect of L County in the northern mountainous area of T city on the environment of the study area, analyzes the climate and hydrological conditions of the study area, provides the basic data of the mountain ecological environment of Y mountain area for the study of mountain landscape planning, and facilitates the practice. The combination of landscape planning, ecological restoration, and environmental reconstruction system theory provides a theoretical and practical basis for ecological planning in the central mountainous area of T city. Finally, based on MOOC components and software architecture, this paper constructs a college English remote system. After comprehensive testing in many aspects, this paper reduces the cost of software development in this field, which not only improves the reliability of the system, but also shortens the development cycle, speeds up the maintenance speed of the system, and increases the scale of the system. About the system testing, this paper tests the function, performance, feasibility, integrity, and security of the system through the network testing method and cookie method. Based on the basic C4.5 decision-making algorithm and college English remote system, this paper studies the impact of mountain ecological environment restoration, provides ideas for promoting the development of the system, and provides reference for the reform and practice methods and processes in other courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China's vast land, the mountainous environment accounts for almost 33% of the total area. Therefore, potential mountain environmental disasters pose a great danger to daily production and human life. Traditional mountain monitoring methods have the disadvantages of poor real-time performance, high cost, and high energy consumption. Therefore, it is very important to establish a proper tracking system on the mountain. In order to analyze and monitor some of the problems in the traditional wireless network (Wireless Sensor Network, WSN), multiple sensor nodes are configured to detect the mountain environment. In addition, this paper studies the distribution nature of geological spatial hazards in coal fields, and conducts a landslide sensitivity analysis on the scale of land exploration based on the most advanced model. This model is not only suitable for artificial slope analysis, soil improvement and consolidation, and regional planning. Optimize and study the geographical conditions of the area. Reasonable monitoring and development of coal field resources provide reference and value for related research and management activities in other areas of coal fields with similar conditions. Finally, this article focuses on the logistics supply chain management optimization system. Managing the logistics supply chain is the basic guarantee for the sound development of any supermarket and the entire retail industry. The reasonable organization of the logistics supply chain can not only make the goods run smoothly, reduce the storage pressure of the store, but also reduce the management cost of a single store. By optimizing the supplier management system and chain management methods, the cost is minimized, thereby ensuring the interests of the enterprise. This research provides a theoretical basis for establishing a sustainable logistics management system for regional distribution centers to achieve cost optimization, profit maximization, and enhancement of competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]