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A feeding trial was conducted with inclusion levels of Cajanus cajan leafmeal (CCLM) in the diet of Labeo rohita to study the growth, haematological indices, digestive enzyme, physio‐metabolic changes and molecular expression of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1), insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein‐1 (IGFBP‐1), insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor (IGF‐1R) genes. Four practical diets with CCLM, control, T20 (20%), T30 (30%) and T40 (40%) were prepared. Weight gain%, SGR, FER and PER were significantly (p < 0.05) higher when 30% de‐oiled rice bran (DORB) was replaced by CCLM whereas the treatment group 40% registered with lower FCR value. The protease and amylase activities were higher in the T30 group. T20 showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) hepatic and muscular lactate dehydrogenase and serum glucose was also higher, whereas, WBC content was found significantly (p < 0.05) higher in control. The hepatic IGF‐1 gene expression was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in T40 followed by the T30 group but the weight gain was not significantly (p > 0.05) higher in T30 from the T40 group. Results reveal that the response of IGF‐1, IGF‐1R and IGFBP‐1 genes was complementary to the biological growth parameters and hence were used as an indicator to evaluating growth. The study also demonstrates that CCLM can replace 100% DORB in the diet of L. rohita without any antinutritional or adverse growth effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was carried to determine the plasma fenbendazole (FBZ) concentration and physio‐metabolic responses in juveniles of Labeo rohita (90 ± 4 g) after oral administration of single doses at 10, 20 and 50 mg, 20 mg FBZ/kg b.wt. in multiple times on 1st, 3rd and 7th day. The blood samples were collected at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 30, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hr, after single‐dose administration, and regularly (upto 15 day) in multiple dose. Plasma FBZ concentration was determined up to the limit of detection (LoD) of 0.09 µg/ml by HPLC. There was no parent drug detected in plasma for administration of 10 mg FBZ/kg b.wt. The drug attained the peak concentration (Cmax) 1.85 and 3.09 µg/ml in plasma at 4 hr (Tmax) after administration of 20 and 50mg FBZ/kg b.wt. respectively. Plasma FBZ was detectable up to 96 and 120 hr with concentration 0.09 ± 0.007 and 0.098 ± 0.006 µg/ml, respectively, after single‐dose administration of 20 and 50mg/kg b.wt. In case of multiple‐dose administration, the maximum concentration of FBZ was 1.01 ± 0.03 µg/ml on 7th day that was less than to the single dose at 50 mg/kg b.wt. However, FBZ was detected up to 11 day after multiple doses. The study revealed that the hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities like superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione‐S‐transferase were significantly affected by increasing FBZ in single and multiple doses. The results of the present study could reveal that single‐ or multiple‐oral administration of FBZ at 20 mg/kg b.wt. in feed as antihelminthic drug in L. rohita could be considered as the safe dose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted to investigate the efficacy and physio‐metabolic responses of single and multiple doses of fenbendazole (FBZ) in Labeo rohita against gill parasite (Dacylogyrus sp.). Two Isoenergetic (395 Kcal DE/100 g) and isonitrogenous (35% CP) purified diets viz. control (without FBZ) and treatment (0.2% FBZ) were prepared. The efficacy of FBZ was measured after administration of single dose (20 mg/kg b. wt.) on 0th day and multiple doses of FBZ, that is, 20 mg/kg b. wt. on 0th, 3rd and 7th day through diet. Although oral administration of FBZ at single dose could significantly reduce the parasite in fish in comparison with the control group, 100% efficacy of the drug was not achieved up to 15th day of treatment. On the other hand, multiple doses of FBZ could show almost 100% efficacy on 15th day in terms of elimination of parasites from gill. The drug induced oxidative stress in examined fish. There was no significant change in activities of hepatic and muscle aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase of L. rohita up to 15th day after oral administration of FBZ at single dose. But both single and multiple doses of FBZ could significantly enhance the hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione‐S‐transferase activities in fish up to 7th day of drug administration and significantly decreased thereafter up to 15th and/or 30th day. It is concluded that oral administration of FBZ at multiple doses (20 mg/kg b. wt.) on 1st, 3rd and 7th day could be effective against Dactylogyrus sp. infection in L. rohita. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]