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The regulation of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a challenge due to their complex biological and chemical characteristics and their accurate mathematical model is generally not accessible because of the limitation of available measurements. To overcome such challenges, in this paper, a novel model-free adaptive nonsingular fast integral terminal sliding mode control (MFA-NFITSMC) is proposed. Firstly, based on the concept of dynamic linearization, a compact format dynamic linearized (CFDL) data model for the WWTP is established. Secondly, a novel fast integral terminal sliding mode surface is proposed to accelerate the convergence of tracking error and a discrete-time MFA-NFITSMC is created using the CFDL model as a basis; then, its stability is proved by theoretical analysis. Finally, the experimental verification is conducted based on the Benchmark Simulation Model No. 1 and the results show that the proposed method has a higher tracking accuracy and stronger robustness than other methods in the control of WWTPs.