1. Performance Evaluation of a Biological Pre-Treatment Coupled with the Down-Flow Expanded Granular Bed Reactor (DEGBR) for Treatment of Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater
- Author
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M. Njoya, Seteno Karabo Obed Ntwampe, Moses Basitere, Derrick Njabuliso Dlamini, and Ephraim Kaskote
- Subjects
Pre treatment ,Technology ,genetic structures ,QH301-705.5 ,QC1-999 ,Oil and grease ,Alkalinity ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,020401 chemical engineering ,General Materials Science ,0204 chemical engineering ,Biology (General) ,Instrumentation ,QD1-999 ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Total suspended solids ,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Physics ,Chemical oxygen demand ,General Engineering ,Fatty acid ,total suspended solids (TSSs) ,Pulp and paper industry ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,fats oil and grease (FOG) ,Computer Science Applications ,Chemistry ,down-flow expanded granular bed reactor (DEGBR) ,chemical oxygen demand (COD) ,chemistry ,Wastewater ,TA1-2040 ,poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) - Abstract
Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater contains high concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSSs), fats, oil and grease (FOG), proteins and carbohydrates. It is important that the wastewater is treated to acceptable environmental discharge standards. In this study, the poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) was treated using two-stage processes consisting of a biological pre-treatment using a biodegrading agent (Eco-flushTM) coupled with a down-flow expanded granular bed reactor (DEGBR). The results showed that the biological pre-treatment was observed to be highly effective for removal of FOG, COD and TSS with a removal efficiency of 80 ± 6.3%, 38 ± 8.4% and 56 ± 7.2%, respectively. The DEGBR showed a stable performance in terms FOG, COD and, TSS removal, with average removal efficiencies of 89 ± 2.8%, 87 ± 9.5%, and 94 ± 3.7%, respectively. The overall removal rate performance of the integrated system of pre-treatment and DEGBR in terms FOG, COD and TSS, was 97 ± 0.8%, 92 ± 6.3% and 97 ± 1.2%. Furthermore, the average volatile fatty acid/alkalinity (VFA/Alkalinity) ratio of 0.2 was reported, which indicated that the DEGBR was stable throughout the operation.
- Published
- 2021
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