12 results on '"Esposito, J."'
Search Results
2. In-house cyclotron production of high-purity Tc-99m and Tc-99m radiopharmaceuticals.
- Author
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Martini P, Boschi A, Cicoria G, Zagni F, Corazza A, Uccelli L, Pasquali M, Pupillo G, Marengo M, Loriggiola M, Skliarova H, Mou L, Cisternino S, Carturan S, Melendez-Alafort L, Uzunov NM, Bello M, Alvarez CR, Esposito J, and Duatti A
- Subjects
- Humans, Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital, Phantoms, Imaging, Pharmacy Service, Hospital, Quality Control, Radiopharmaceuticals standards, Technetium standards, Technology, Radiologic instrumentation, Cyclotrons, Radiopharmaceuticals isolation & purification, Technetium isolation & purification
- Abstract
In the last years, the technology for producing the important medical radionuclide technetium-99m by cyclotrons has become sufficiently mature to justify its introduction as an alternative source of the starting precursor [
99m Tc][TcO4 ]- ubiquitously employed for the production of99m Tc-radiopharmaceuticals in hospitals. These technologies make use almost exclusively of the nuclear reaction100 Mo(p,2n)99m Tc that allows direct production of Tc-99m. In this study, it is conjectured that this alternative production route will not replace the current supply chain based on the distribution of99 Mo/99m Tc generators, but could become a convenient emergency source of Tc-99m only for in-house hospitals equipped with a conventional, low-energy, medical cyclotron. On this ground, an outline of the essential steps that should be implemented for setting up a hospital radiopharmacy aimed at the occasional production of Tc-99m by a small cyclotron is discussed. These include (1) target production, (2) irradiation conditions, (3) separation/purification procedures, (4) terminal sterilization, (5) quality control, and (6) Mo-100 recovery. To address these issues, a comprehensive technology for cyclotron-production of Tc-99m, developed at the Legnaro National Laboratories of the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics (LNL-INFN), will be used as a reference example., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2018
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3. A solvent-extraction module for cyclotron production of high-purity technetium-99m.
- Author
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Martini P, Boschi A, Cicoria G, Uccelli L, Pasquali M, Duatti A, Pupillo G, Marengo M, Loriggiola M, and Esposito J
- Abstract
The design and fabrication of a fully-automated, remotely controlled module for the extraction and purification of technetium-99m (Tc-99m), produced by proton bombardment of enriched Mo-100 molybdenum metallic targets in a low-energy medical cyclotron, is here described. After dissolution of the irradiated solid target in hydrogen peroxide, Tc-99m was obtained under the chemical form of
99m TcO4 - , in high radionuclidic and radiochemical purity, by solvent extraction with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). The extraction process was accomplished inside a glass column-shaped vial especially designed to allow for an easy automation of the whole procedure. Recovery yields were always >90% of the loaded activity. The final pertechnetate saline solution Na99m TcO4 , purified using the automated module here described, is within the Pharmacopoeia quality control parameters and is therefore a valid alternative to generator-produced99m Tc. The resulting automated module is cost-effective and easily replicable for in-house production of high-purity Tc-99m by cyclotrons., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2016
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4. The excitation functions of (100)Mo(p,x)(99)Mo and (100)Mo(p,2n)(99m)Tc.
- Author
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Manenti S, Holzwarth U, Loriggiola M, Gini L, Esposito J, Groppi F, and Simonelli F
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- Computer Simulation, Isotopes chemistry, Isotopes radiation effects, Materials Testing, Molybdenum isolation & purification, Photons, Technetium isolation & purification, Isotope Labeling methods, Models, Chemical, Molybdenum chemistry, Molybdenum radiation effects, Technetium chemistry, Technetium radiation effects
- Abstract
Proton-induced nuclear reactions for generation of (99)Mo and (99m)Tc radionuclides were investigated using the stacked-foil activation technique on 99.05% enriched (100)Mo targets at energies up to Ep=21MeV. Excitation functions of the reactions (100)Mo(p,x)(99)Mo and (100)Mo(p,2n)(99m)Tc have been measured., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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5. Application of a Bonner sphere spectrometer for the determination of the angular neutron energy spectrum of an accelerator-based BNCT facility.
- Author
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Mirzajani N, Ciolini R, Di Fulvio A, Esposito J, and d'Errico F
- Subjects
- Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Radiotherapy Dosage, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy instrumentation, Neutrons therapeutic use, Particle Accelerators instrumentation, Radiometry instrumentation, Spectrum Analysis instrumentation
- Abstract
Experimental activities are underway at INFN Legnaro National Laboratories (LNL) (Padua, Italy) and Pisa University aimed at angular-dependent neutron energy spectra measurements produced by the (9)Be(p,xn) reaction, under a 5MeV proton beam. This work has been performed in the framework of INFN TRASCO-BNCT project. Bonner Sphere Spectrometer (BSS), based on (6)LiI (Eu) scintillator, was used with the shadow-cone technique. Proper unfolding codes, coupled to BSS response function calculated by Monte Carlo code, were finally used. The main results are reported here., (Crown Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
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6. Characterization of the energy distribution of neutrons generated by 5 MeV protons on a thick beryllium target at different emission angles.
- Author
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Agosteo S, Colautti P, Esposito J, Fazzi A, Introini MV, and Pola A
- Abstract
Neutron energy spectra at different emission angles, between 0° and 120° from the Be(p,xn) reaction generated by a beryllium thick-target bombarded with 5 MeV protons, have been measured at the Legnaro Laboratories (LNL) of the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics research (INFN). A new and quite compact recoil-proton spectrometer, based on a monolithic silicon telescope, coupled to a polyethylene converter, was efficiently used with respect to the traditional Time-of-Flight (TOF) technique. The measured distributions of recoil-protons were processed through an iterative unfolding algorithm in order to determine the neutron energy spectra at all the angles accounted for. The neutron energy spectrum measured at 0° resulted to be in good agreement with the only one so far available at the requested energy and measured years ago with TOF technique. Moreover, the results obtained at different emission angles resulted to be consistent with detailed past measurements performed at 4 MeV protons at the same angles by TOF techniques., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Towards the final BSA modeling for the accelerator-driven BNCT facility at INFN LNL.
- Author
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Ceballos C, Esposito J, Agosteo S, Colautti P, Conte V, Moro D, and Pola A
- Subjects
- Equipment Design, Humans, Melanoma radiotherapy, Skin Neoplasms radiotherapy, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy instrumentation, Models, Theoretical
- Abstract
Some remarkable advances have been made in the last years on the SPES-BNCT project of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) towards the development of the accelerator-driven thermal neutron beam facility at the Legnaro National Laboratories (LNL), aimed at the BNCT experimental treatment of extended skin melanoma. The compact neutron source will be produced via the (9)Be(p,xn) reactions using the 5 MeV, 30 mA beam driven by the RFQ accelerator, whose modules construction has been recently completed, into a thick beryllium target prototype already available. The Beam Shaping Assembly (BSA) final modeling, using both neutron converter and the new, detailed, Be(p,xn) neutron yield spectra at 5 MeV energy recently measured at the CN Van de Graaff accelerator at LNL, is summarized here., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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8. BNCT dosimetry performed with a mini twin tissue-equivalent proportional counters (TEPC).
- Author
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Moro D, Colautti P, Lollo M, Esposito J, Conte V, De Nardo L, Ferretti A, and Ceballos C
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- Equipment Design, Humans, Italy, Linear Energy Transfer, Monte Carlo Method, Nuclear Reactors, Relative Biological Effectiveness, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy instrumentation, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy statistics & numerical data, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted instrumentation, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
The BNCT radiation field is complex because different beam components are mixed, each one having different relative biological effectiveness (RBE). Microdosimetry with tissue-equivalent proportional counters (TEPC) has proven to be an ideal dosimetric technique for mixed radiation fields, because it is able both to measure the absorbed dose and to assess the radiation field relative biological effectiveness with good accuracy. An ideal detector for BNCT should contain two TEPCs, one detector loaded with, while the other one without (10)B in order to record all beam components with a unique measurement. Moreover, such a detector should be of tiny size in order to be able to measure in the intense BNCT radiation fields without significant pile-up effects. TEPCs have been shown to be pretty good dosimeters for mixed radiation fields. In this paper the first mini twin TEPC counter for BNCT is presented, as well as first measurement at the new HYTHOR thermal irradiation facility at TAPIRO nuclear reactor and comparison with related Monte Carlo calculations.
- Published
- 2009
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9. A novel boronated-porphyrin as a radio-sensitizing agent for boron neutron capture therapy of tumours: in vitro and in vivo studies.
- Author
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Jori G, Soncin M, Friso E, Vicente MG, Hao E, Miotto G, Colautti P, Moro D, Esposito J, Rosi G, Nava E, Sotti G, and Fabris C
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- Animals, Cell Survival radiation effects, In Vitro Techniques, Melanoma, Experimental pathology, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Boron Compounds therapeutic use, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy methods, Melanoma, Experimental radiotherapy, Porphyrins therapeutic use, Radiation-Sensitizing Agents therapeutic use
- Abstract
A water-soluble [meso-tetra(4-nido-carboranylphenyl)porphyrin] (H(2)TCP) bearing 36 boron atoms was studied for its accumulation and its radio/photo-sensitization efficiency towards murine melanotic melanoma cells. The amount of H(2)TCP in the cells increased with the porphyrin dose in the incubation medium up to 100 microM with no significant dark toxicity. Fluorescence microscopy observations showed that the porphyrin was largely localized intracellularly. Based on these "in vitro" results our investigations were pursued using the B16F1 melanotic melanoma subcutaneously transplanted in C57BL6 mice as "in vivo" model. Phormacokinetic studies were performed by injection of H(2)TCP intratumorally (1 mg/kg) and intravenously (10 mg/kg). At 0.5h after i.t. administration or at 24 h after i.v. injection, the amounts of (10)B in the tumour were about 60 ppm and about 6 ppm, respectively. The distribution of H(2)TCP in the tumour after intravenous or intratumoural injection was also assessed by fluorescence microscopy analyses. Under these conditions, preliminary BNCT studies were carried out using a new thermal column called HYTOR (HYbrid Thermal spectrum sHifter TapirO Reactor) inserted in the fast nuclear reactor Tapiro at Enea Casaccia, Italy. The mice were exposed to HYTHOR radiation field for 20 min at a reactor power of 5 kW. In spite of different amounts of (10)B in the tumour at the irradiation time, a similar significant delay in tumour growth (5-6 days) was induced by neutron irradiation in intratoumorally and intravenously injected mice. The response of the melanotic melanoma to H(2)TCP-BNCT was compared with that obtained by irradiation after intraperitoneal injection of boron-phenylalanine.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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10. Angle and energy differential neutron spectrometry for the SPES BNCT facility.
- Author
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d'Errico F, Ciolini R, Di Fulvio A, Reginatto M, Esposito J, Ceballos Sánchez C, and Colautti P
- Subjects
- Boron Neutron Capture Therapy statistics & numerical data, Fast Neutrons therapeutic use, Humans, Italy, Melanoma radiotherapy, Monte Carlo Method, Nuclear Reactors, Skin Neoplasms radiotherapy, Spectrum Analysis, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy instrumentation
- Abstract
An accelerator-driven thermal neutron facility for boron neutron capture therapy of skin melanoma is currently under construction at the Legnaro National Laboratories, Italy. The installation relies on the production of neutrons from a thick beryllium target bombarded with 5 MeV protons. A complete set of double differential data, i.e. angle- and energy-differential neutron spectra produced by the beryllium target, is necessary for the Monte Carlo-based design of the installation. For this purpose, double differential fluence measurements are currently performed with the "BINS" neutron spectrometer using 5 MeV protons at the "CN" Van de Graaf accelerator. This spectrometer uses a superheated emulsion of dichlorotetrafluoroethane which is sequentially operated at 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 and 55 degrees C and thus provides a series of seven sharp thresholds covering the 0.1-10 MeV neutron energy interval. Deconvolution of the data is performed with the code "MAXED", which is based on the maximum entropy principle. The analysis of our first neutron spectrometry measurements at angles of 0 degrees, 40 degrees, 80 degrees and 120 degrees supports the viability of the BINS spectrometry method for the generation of the required double differential data.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Be target development for the accelerator-based SPES-BNCT facility at INFN Legnaro.
- Author
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Esposito J, Colautti P, Fabritsiev S, Gervash A, Giniyatulin R, Lomasov VN, Makhankov A, Mazul I, Pisent A, Pokrovsky A, Rumyantsev M, Tanchuk V, and Tecchio L
- Subjects
- Biophysical Phenomena, Facility Design and Construction, Fast Neutrons therapeutic use, Humans, Italy, Melanoma radiotherapy, Skin Neoplasms radiotherapy, Beryllium radiation effects, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy instrumentation, Particle Accelerators
- Abstract
An accelerator-driven thermal neutron source for BNCT, planned to be installed at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), is in progress in the framework of the SPES (selective production of exotic species) research program. The most critical element of such a facility is the construction of a reliable neutron converter based on the (9)Be(p,xn) nuclear reaction, working at a high power level (150 kW) and 5 MeV beam energy, due to the SPES driver constraints. Two original, beryllium-based, target concepts have been designed for such a purpose. The present status of the neutron converter, as well as the test results performed so far on prototypes constructed, is reported here.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The BSA modeling for the accelerator-based BNCT facility at INFN LNL for treating shallow skin melanoma.
- Author
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Ceballos C and Esposito J
- Subjects
- Beryllium radiation effects, Biophysical Phenomena, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy statistics & numerical data, Facility Design and Construction, Fast Neutrons therapeutic use, Humans, Italy, Models, Theoretical, Monte Carlo Method, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy instrumentation, Melanoma radiotherapy, Particle Accelerators statistics & numerical data, Skin Neoplasms radiotherapy
- Abstract
The SPES-BNCT ongoing project of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) is aimed at the construction at the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL) of an accelerator-based (AB), high-flux thermal neutron beam facility devoted to boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) experimental treatment of extended skin melanoma, in the framework of SPES (selective production of exotic species) project. The neutron source will be produced via the (9)Be(p,xn) reactions by a 5 MeV, 30 mA proton beam into a thick beryllium target. The resulting neutron spectrum is slowed down using a beam shaping assembly (BSA), for which modeling is in an advanced neutronic design stage. An overview on the BSA current status, based on the Be neutron converter prototype designed and already constructed, is reported.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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