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The chiral light field has attracted great attention owing to its interaction with chiral matter. The generation of chiral light fields with rich structures has become crucial as it can expand application scenarios. Herein, we introduce a chiral optical vortex lattice. As a whole, the optical vortex lattice has a chiral intensity distribution, with each spiral arm having sub-vortices (chiral phase). By using an expansion factor to adjust the involute of a circular lattice, this helical optical vortex lattice can be continuously varied from a circular lattice. The chirality of intensity and phase can be controlled independently. Furthermore, the optical tweezers using the lattice demonstrate the capability of sub-vortices to manipulate particle movement, with the chiral intensity determining the trajectory of particle motion. As the lattice possesses both intensity and phase chirality, it may also find potential applications in tasks such as chiral structure microfabrication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structured light has been exploited as an important tool for particle manipulation along a desired complex path. However, generating the required structured light illumination for the creation of an arbitrary shape without an analytic expression as a guide is challenging, specifically for designing a structured beam by mapping the shape of an arbitrary object. To address this issue, we propose an effective scheme to customize structured light freely and precisely by modifying the epicycle model in astrophysics. Predesigned structured beams can be identified with or without explicit analytic expressions of the desired shapes. Moreover, we study the roles and relationships between the number of epicycles and the number of key points. The local stretching and transformation of a specific structured beam are also analyzed. The advantages of the proposed method are demonstrated by conducting dynamic manipulation experiments using polystyrene particles. This method is simple and intuitive and provides an effective toolkit for the design of structured light for more complex tasks, thus facilitating advanced applications in optical manipulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a distributed charge storage with GeO2 nanodots is demonstrated. The mean size and aerial density of the nanodots embedded in SiO2 are estimated to be about 5.5 nm and 4.3×1011 cm-2, respectively. The composition of the dots is also confirmed to be GeO2 by x-ray absorption near-edge structure analyses. A significant memory effect is observed through the electrical measurements. Under the low voltage operation of 5 V, the memory window is estimated to ∼0.45 V. Also, a physical model is proposed to demonstrate the charge storage effect through the interfacial traps of GeO2 nanodots. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]