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Aiming at realizing the coordination deformation of crankshaft-bearing system for engine, the equation of coordination deformation for crankshaft-bearing system was derived based on the theory of elasticity. According to the hydrodynamic lubrication theory, the mathematical model was established to analyze the bearing characteristics; the displacement of each bearing in the vertical direction was calculated by combined solution of the two parts above. The sum of squared differences of displacements was evaluated as evaluation standard of coordination deformation for crankshaft-bearing system. Then bearing clearances were chosen as optimized variables of crankshaft coordination deformation for the optimization. The crankshaft-bearing system of one type of engine was optimized for the coordination deformation. The results indicate that the optimization scheme of crankshaft-bearing system can make a significant improvement to coordination deformation and provide reference for the design of the engine.

An improved grey wolf optimization (IGWO) algorithm is proposed for solving constrained mechanical design problems in this paper. In proposed IGWO algorithm, a novel nonlinearly update equation of convergence factor based on sines function is presented to balance the exploration ability and exploitation ability. The feasibility-based rules based on tournament selection was introduced to handle constrains. Simulation results and comparisons with other state-of-the-art algorithms using three constrained mechanical design problems are provided.

Detection of moving object is a hot topic in computer vision. Traditionally, it is detected for every pixel in whole image by Gaussian mixture background model, which may waste more time and space. In order to improving the computational efficiency, an advanced Gaussian mixture model based on Region of Interest was proposed. Firstly, the solution finds out the most probably region where the target may turn up. And then Gaussian mixture background model is built in this area. Finally, morphological filter algorithm is used for improving integrity of the detected targets. Results show that the improved method could have a more perfect detection but no more time increasing than typical method.

Magnesium cement-based straw board is made of chloride-oxy-magnesium concrete as gel phase, a new building material with straw as reinforcing phase. The effects of molar ratio of MgO and MgCl2on the static bending strength, softening coefficient and start time back to halogen moisture absorption of magnesium cement-based straw board are analyzed in detail. The result showed that,when n(MgO)/n(MgCl2)=7(molar ratio),the mechanical properties and water resistance are the best, hydration products at this time is dominated by 518 phase.

Thepresent work investigated the effects of grain refiners Mg-30%La alloy on theimpact properties of Al-7Si Alloy. Theresults showed that the addition of Mg-30%La greatly fined the crystal grain. As La content increased in Al-7Si alloy,the alpha-Al with dendritic crystal were refined and the trend of the equiaxedcrystal had obvious enhancement. The introduce of the Mg-30%La cangovern the morphology of the Si phase. With increase of Mg-30%La content,refining effect was better.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and rosemary essential oil (REO) against 4 food-related microorganisms. The chemical components of CEO and REO were also analyzed by GC/MS. The major active constituents of CEO were cinnamaldehyde (80.010%) and 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde (10.550%), and the major active constituents of REO were 1,8-Cineole (51.783%) and α-Pinene (13.508%).The antimicrobial results indicated that both them display strong inhibition against 4 strains. The combination showed additive efficacy against all tested microorganisms. Thus, our study demonstrated that CEO and REO can be considered potential alternatives to control pathogens and microbial in the food or food packaging material.

In this paper, a new control method for large time delay system is proposed. Firstly, the decreasing time delay controller is used to remodel large delay time plant into small delay time plant. Then, a fractional robust proportional-integral controller (FOPI) is designed, using the phase margin and cut-off frequency at a specified point in the Bode plot of flat robust conditions, to guarantee the desired control performance and the robustness of the high order system to the gain order system. For comparison between the fractional order proportional integral controller and the traditional integer order PID (IOPID) controller, the IOPID controller is also designed following the same proposed tuning specifications. The simulation results indicates that the both designed controllers work efficiently. Furthermore, the FOPI controller makes the large time-delay system get better control effect, the system has high robustness, adaptive ability and anti-jamming ability.

This paper proposes that arrays of spatio-temporal data matrix was constructed by the arrays of the received signal delayed in time gradient, Meanwhile, applying the method of ESPIRT to get the twiddle factor of the received signal array element and the array element of the time and the space, finally get the final information of Doppler frequency and the information of arrival angle though applying least squares method.

In laser induced thermal crack propagation (LITP) cutting brittle materials, according to the laser absorption ability, materials are divided into the body absorption and surface absorption. This paper indicates the fracture mechanism of LITP cutting surface absorption brittle materials. The crack extension appears in the lower surface firstly in this stress distribution state, then the crack extends to the upper surface and the laser scanning direction with the LITP cutting. The stress field of cutting ZrO2 ceramic is studied by finite element software ANSYS. The crack propagation process of cutting silicon wafer is studied by finite element software ABAQUS. According to the fracture mechanism, the curve cutting the ZrO2 ceramic experiments and the cooling lower surface cutting the silicon wafer experiments are carried out in this paper. Optical microscope and laser scan confocal microscope (LSCM) photographs of the curve path the ZrO2 ceramic and separation surface cutting the silicon wafer are obtained to examine the cutting quality. The quality of the curve path is very good. The quality of the separation surface in cutting the silicon wafer with the cooling lower surface is better than conventional environment.

In multiple UAVs cooperative search tasks, the traditional environment model was based on squares, which caused the problem of different cost in each UAV’s single step. Therefore, we divide the battlefield by regular hexagons to make the UAVs’ steps more coordinate. At the same time, the cell’s encoding method was improved, which can greatly reduce the computing complexity of the coordinates. Route planning is an important part in cooperative search to decide where to go and how to search. By analyzing the method of route planning with several steps, Model Predictive Control (MPC) was proved to be an easy and effective method. However it became a complex probem to selecte a best route from so big amount of planning routes. Then the method of Discrete Particle Swarm Optimal (DPSO) was proposed to solve this problem. In order to evaluate the value of the route, an evaluate function was designed, containing the reward function of the route, the repulsion function of the no-fly zone and the force function of other UAVs. The reward function was designed based on the targets’ existence probabilities and the areas’ information uncertainty values. Then the no-fly zone was designed based on the artificial potential field method. However, due to each UAV can fly in different height, that is, collision would not happen, so the force function of other UAVs didn’t need concerned. In the end, a simulation experiment with some static targets and a no-fly zone was carried out, in which, a greed method was put forward to be a comparison to MPC. The results showed that the methodology proposed can ensure that the UAVs detected the targets safely and covered as more area as possible.

In this paper, the basis function of TDCS system (Transform Domain Communication System) is used to design cognitive radar transmitter waveform. Based on the noise environment, the waveform can be adjusted adaptively. Then after clipping to reduce the PAPR (Peak to Average Power Ratio) of radar echo signal, the obtained signal is used as the next launch of the radar signal. The cognitive radar transmitter requires a nonlinear waveform to improve the efficiency of radar transmitter power amplifier, so reducing the PAPR of signal is essential. This paper presents the gray complementary sequence is applied to TDCS communication systems, and then it needs to reduce PAPR of signals by clipping. Proven, PAPR of the transmitted signal is maintained at about 3.25dB, and the signal has a low probability of intercept, high anti-interference ability and distant target detection range.

In this paper, an algorithm concerning the primitive action affordances of learning nuclear power plant maintenance robot is presented. The algorithm generates a random matching data set through a new matching method, which is utilized for the selection of object operation, with the matching rate improved by trial and error, and then the attempt number for a successful operation is reduced. In the end, simulation is conducted to verify the feasibility and correctness of the proposed algorithm.

This article is based on the theory of fractional calculus control, and put forward a kind of fractional order PI controller design method for lateral attitude control system of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) model. And the unit step response of the control system is analyzed in the simulation to improve the UAV flight control system stability and robustness. Use the controller parameter tuning method and combined with fuzzy reasoning to design IOPID controller, FOPI controller and fuzzy fractional order PI controller. Then, by exploiting Matlab, the frequency domain response and unit step response characteristics of the different control systems can be plotted. The results verified that the designed fuzzy fractional order controller for the attitude control system is effective.

Acoustics vibration detection is detected the displacement of post insulator by inspection the change of vibration state. Hoe to indentify the situation of insulator accurately from vibration signal is fate for acoustics vibration detection. According to analyzing the vibration date with statistics method, it is proved that the vibration frequency distribution of the same type of insulator follow normal distribution. Based on this conclusion, the identification frequency section has been set for identifying breached insulators.

Under three-phase grid asymmetric fault conditions, use traditional PI controller of PV inverters to inject symmetric current positive sequence into the grid, ignoring the impact of the negative sequence current on LVRT, thus traditional PI controller does not apply to three-phase grid asymmetric faults. The paper proposes the decoupling dual synchronous current controller to reject positive, negative sequence current into the grid simultaneously and adopt positive and negative sequence flexible control to determine the active current reference and reactive current reference, avoiding the various drawbacks such as power control, totally positive sequence control bringing. Experiment verify the science and feasibility that decoupling dual synchronous current controller applies to asymmetric faults riding-through.

This design, based on Android mobile development platform, uses Java language development, making the system have good portability and scalability. Sina micro-blog Android SDK provides third-party twitter application with API invoking service, in which document is easy to use, making the third-party micro-blog client not need to understand the complex validation and API calls process and share text or multimedia information to sina micro-blog.Micro - blog, namely the micro blog, is open Internet social services with the rise of Web 2.0, which allows users to update their status with brief text at any time and place, the length of each message within 140 words, and supports the publication of the images, audio, video and other multimedia. Each user is not only the creator of the micro content, is also the disseminator and distributors of micro content. Compared with the traditional blog, the admittance threshold of micro-blog is lower, and the originality and interactivity of instant messaging are stronger.Android is open source mobile operating system developed by Google and based on Linux platform. It includes operating system, user interface and applications-- all the required software in the mobile phone work. Fast development of the Android operating system mainly profits to a free, open source and good industry operating strategy.

The smart home is a kind of brand-new life concept, with the development of science and technology, people’s pursuit of quality of life is more and more high. The living concept "Safe and comfort, health and environmental protection, natural and harmony, people-oriented, efficient and convenient, personalized" has been received by most. With the rapid development of 4G networks, the Internet access technology based on mobile terminal and the family high-speed broadband network connectivity built a high-speed communication platform for the control and application of intelligent household life, and the high-speed platform created the condition for developing the richer remote intelligent household control application. Smart phones carry-on become bonds connecting smart home system and high-speed mobile communications platform, and remote control for smart phone will bring our life into a new field.

Multi-frequency receivers rely on GNSS to achieve high-precision positioning, high sensitivity and other functions. GNSS signal frequencies are widely distributed around 1.1GHz to 1.6GHz. Good performance RF front-end receiver will provide high-quality acquisition and tracking environment, reducing the SER to ensure CNR. RF sampling technique is widely used in software radio for its simple structure, flexible configuration, and other advantages, but rarely used in satellite navigation, because the high signal carrier frequency and sampling rate, down-conversion based on RF sampling becomes a big challenge. So, to solve the problems of widely distributed we design three signal bands, using different local oscillator to implement signal down-conversion; to solve the problems of high sampling rate, we propose a down-conversion program of using a cascade of CIC filter’s ployphase and FIR compensation filter. Through the simulation of MATLAB after tracking tests, analysis of CNR and other indicators of programs. Ultimately, we implement the program with Verilog language on the multi-frequency GNSS receiver. The results show that this scheme can achieve digital down-conversion and stable performance of tracking loop with less consumption of resources.

The statistical properties of relay channel are quite different from the direct transmission channel for including two phases channel of source to relay and relay to destination. In this paper, we study the relay channel from three viewpoints of probability density function (PDF), level crossing rate (LCR) and Doppler spectrum for Rayleigh, Rice and Nakagami fading models. The closed form expressions are deduced, and simulation evaluation is done to verify the results.

The system selected OmniVisiON company's CMOS chip OV7620, it is an integrated color camera chip, a 640 × 480 (300,000 pixels) image matrix. Considered that the CPLD control system is similar to the DMA mode of data transmission; Cypress's USB 2.0 chip is used by CY7C68013 chip. Finally, it is become the microcontroller firmware and device driver. The paper presents the design of Image acquisition system based on CMOS image sensor USB interface. Design an image acquisition and transmission system, and describes its firmware as well as the development of USB device drivers and PC-side application .

A new computation for the leaking flowrate in the plane valveplate sector of the pistons pump considering the influence of the flow inertia is proposed. Establish the theoretical math model about the flow field, based in the N-S equation and the sequence equation, and the leaking flowrate in the plane valveplate sector considering the influence of the flow inertia is computed in the boundary conditions of the press and the velocity. It is not the same as the common formula that the leaking flowrate computation formula established in this paper includes the factor of the flow inertia in the plane valveplate sector, which can reflect the influence of the flow inertia. The theory computation is checked by the FEM simulation. The theory computation result is approximate with the simulation result. The computing results indicate that the leaking flowrate of the plane valveplate sector increases when the press and the height of the seam increase, just as the other conditions are the same. And the flow inertia leads to the increase of the leaking flowrate, the influence is obvious in some conditions.

The wire transmissions are commonly used in traditional industrial transmitters, but it has the problems like wiring complexity and inconvenience of installation. The design of zigbee wireless transmitter based on C8051F350 is proposed in this paper, which introduced hardware and software, meanwhile, plenty of experiments have been put forward to test it. The result of these experiments shows that it has the features of low power consumption, flexible networking and scalability. This design solves the problem of field wiring, and it has the advantages of lower cost, easy field-installation and operability.

Removed due to intellectual right issues.

3D printing technology is one additive manufacturing technology based on the principle of material accumulation. The domestic and foreign research status is specially introduced. The main principles and features of 3D printing technology are summarized. The applications in the civilian aspect is analyzed

Smart jamming based on convolution modulation brings a great threat to active radar seeker. In order to counter the jamming, a method of orthogonal projection is designed. Firstly, both the mathematic models of linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal and convolution modulation smart jamming are made. Secondly, the anti-interference principle of orthogonal projection is analyzed, on the basis of which a reasonable filter is designed. Thirdly, simulations of signals respectively convolved with noise, triangle pulse sequence and rectangular pulse sequence are made, which verifies its good interference effects. The conclusion is that the method can effectively suppress the convolution modulation smart jamming.

In this study, Biosorption of Ni (II) ions from aqueous solution by using biomass ofAspergillusnigerwas investigated. Different parameters such as initial pH, Ni (II) ions concentration, contact time and temperature were explored. The biosorption of Ni (II) ions was highly pH dependent and the optimum pH for biosorption of Ni (II) ions was found to be 7.0. The biosorption equilibrium was established in about 30min of contact time. Ni (II) ions removal increased with increasing temperature in the studied range. Equilibrium uptake of Ni (II) ions onto biomass increased with increasing initial Ni (II) ions concentration (20-300mg/L). The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to experimental equilibrium data and the Langmuir model better described the equilibrium metal uptake than the Freundlich model. These results suggest that the biomass ofAspergillusnigeris a promising biosorbent for removal of nickel (II) ions from the wastewater.

In this study, Biosorption of Cr (VI) ions from aqueous solution by using biomass of Aspergillus niger was investigated. The effects of initial solution pH, biosorbent amount, contact time, initial concentration and temperature were explored. In batch experiments, the biosorption capacity of Cr (VI) decreased with increase in solution pH. The biosorption of Cr (VI) ions with pH range of 2.0-8.0 was found to be optimal at pH 2. Biosorption capacity of Cr (VI) ions decreased with increased biosorbent dosage. The bosorption capacity was increased with the increasing initial Cr (VI) concentration and temperature in studied range. The biosorption process followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the correlation coefficients from the pseudo-second order model were all higher than 0.9997 in all studied temperatures. These results suggest that the biomass of Aspergillus niger is a promising biosorbent for removal of Cr (VI) ions from the wastewater.

hrough analyzing problems brought on change detection methods of high-resolution remote sensing images, a novel change detection algorithm is proposed. First, feature images of image’s objects extracted using oriented-object method serve as data of input vector to estimate sub-space for Independent Component Analysis(ICA), which can improve effect of noise suppression, simultaneously, a new algorithm using self-adapted weight is proposed in order to extract image’s object, which optimizes processing method on oriented-object deeply；new partitioning scheme using undecimated discrete wavelet transform(UDWT) overcomes effectively prominent problem which shrinking of the size of input vector becomes leads to unprecisely estimation of sub-space for ICA. Compared with typical algorithm, such as ICA and UDWT, simulation results show that new algorithm improves robust and veracity of change detection for high-resolution images greatly.

In order to improve real-time of MVB sporadic data communication, we study and analysis MVB sporadic data communication scheduling modelling and collision event arbitration mechanism, the communication maximum arbitration delay is closely related with concurrent message events, binary tree search algorithm mechanism bring out big communication delay, so, we makes use of multi-optimizing strategies, applying dynamically assigned communication of sporadic data and slave frame stuffing of process data, decreasing communication delay of sporadic data and making sure that emergent sporadic data firstly send, it is a good try to optimize real-time of sporadic data.

Testing is of great significance for the safe and reliable running of a large-scale software system. Starting from analysis on the weakness of Combinatorial Testing techniques when they are applied to large-scale software testing, a test model is given which is more in line with the actual characteristics, and some theorems about software input-output space reduction are also proven based on the model. It is proved that the input-output space of a large-scale software can be significantly reduced by proper decomposition according to the relationships between different software modules and the correlations between input factors and output factors. The results of this paper lay a theoretical foundation to simplify the testing of large-scale software systems.

Due to the electrical and physical analyses, the robust negative voltage unipolar resistive switching behaviors in Ti/ZrO2/Ti/ZrO2/Pt device have been investigated. The Ti diffusion in ZrO2 film can generate more amounts of oxygen vacancies in it, which leads the lower value and narrower variation in forming voltage. Moreover, the good performances with more than 1000 switching cycles and long retention test can be achieved in the present device.

Variety of routing approaches are employed by global routers in the VLSI circuit designs. Rip-up and reroute, as a conveniently implemented method, is widely used in most of modern global routers. Maze algorithm is always performed iteratively as the final technique to eliminate overflow. Maze algorithm and its ramifications can obtain an optimum solution. However, it will cost much CPU time if being used impertinently. In this work, we present a global router called Bottom-Up Router (BU-Router), with an optimized maze algorithm, which is based on multi-source multi-sink maze. BU-Router processes not the nets but the segments of nets in a sequence ordered by the length. In the progress, segments will be fixed on the global route graph edge, when the edge is saturated, which is as the basis, also known as bottom. Then the edge will be set as a blockage, which wont accept path goes through it any more. This means the edge will push the possible congestion in the future. Besides this, BU-Router optimized cost function in two ways: make the function adaptive and congestion center avoidable. Additionally, a specific optimized maze algorithm is proposed for routing a long distance segment so as to reduce the run-time.

Electric vehicle, drove by motor, has the advantages of low energy consumption, zero emissions and high comfort. Nowadays, electric vehicle, at home and abroad, have a rapid development. However, we dont effective optimize the vehicle performance and the parts when vehicle is operating. Based on the GPS (Global Position System), 3G(The 3rd Generation Telecommunication), CAN(Controller Area Network) technology, this paper design the remote monitoring and diagnostic system. This paper makes some explanation on the design of remote monitoring and diagnostic system and the function of collecting information, monitoring, storage, fault diagnosis and alarm. Experimental show, this system has the characteristics about good interaction, high real-time, high precision and stability and so on, which can be widely used in vehicle remote monitoring.

Frequency and severity of some extreme weather events are increasing, and weather can impact the power system and its components in a number of ways. This paper identifies key technical issues facing the electric power industry, related to global climate change. The technical challenges arise from: 1) impacts on supply and demand balance; 2) impacts on system operating strategies, and power generation scheduling; 3) impacts on power grid structure, and power infrastructure response to extreme weather events; and 4) impacts on operation parameters of power system. The objective of this paper is to facilitate continued discussion of power systemclimate change interactions. To this end, this paper identifies key issues relating to the interactions between the electric power industry and global climate change. These issues will not be resolved quickly, and it requires sustained attention if they are to be resolved successfully.

Visible-light responsive SrBi4O7 photocatalyst was prepared by a traditional copreparation method. The photocatalyst was characterized by XRD and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra. The as-prepared photocatalysts were used for the photocatalytic degradation of malachite green (MG) under visible light irradiation. Preparation conditions of catalysts, concentration of malachite green, photocatalyst dosage, irradiation time and photocatalytic reaction kinetics have been investigated. Under the optimized reaction conditions, decolourization ratio and COD removal rates of MG were 99.62% and 95.6%, respectively. The results indicate that SrBi4O7 has good photocatalytic activities for the decomposition of MG. And it has the potential higher visible light photocatalytic activity with a band gap of 2.44 eV.

This paper analyzed the practical needs of remote monitoring of electric vehicle and illustrates the overall architecture of a remote monitoring system, and further developed a remote monitoring system of the Server and client application with the ASP.NET and Microsoft SQL Server database language, basically can meet the electric cars remote monitoring of the Server and client needs.

Based on the evaluation of the space service level of public landscape facility in Qinhuangdao city as an example, a detailed analysis of the evaluation is presented. The reasonableness of the public landscape facilities and its layout are evaluated by this evaluation method. The evaluation index of spatial service level which is called dynamic balance is proposed. Meanwhile, the GIS is employed to establish the evaluation system for further improving the city's infrastructure construction.

this paper presents a solution of real-time remote calibration for electric vehicle. The development system integrates 3G(The 3rd Generation Telecommunication), CAN(Controller Area Network) technology, with calibration unit into a powerful real time remote calibration system. This paper introduces the overall architecture of the system and the design of the corresponding module. In the verification of the actual system, it can read and modify the content of the MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit) flash, display the monitoring parameters dynamically, display the multi-foramt calibration parameters and pulse spectrum. And at the same time, the monitoring parameters can be automatically configured and upload.

The Strength characteristic of rock are different from them under unloading condition. The Strength characteristic of Ordovician limestone under loading and unloading condition of high compress which were taken from North Tian Mountain. It indicated that : Under unloading condition cohesion c and inner friction angle decrease according to loading condition, and the residual strength has more decrease than peak strength. Under unloading, peak compress strength and residual compress strength decrease distinctly, and the decrease reduces along with confining compress increasing.

Under unloading condition, the characteristics of rock are different from them under loading condition. This paper talks about the characteristics of Ordovician limestone under loading and unloading condition of high compress which were taken from North Tian Mountain. The testing results indicated that: The lateral deformation and bulk deformation of rock sample are clearly in the process of unloading. Plastic deformation is not notability in the unloading condition. After the peak value in the stress-strain curve, the stress decrease quickly, it is showed that the brittleness characteristic is the better remarkable under unloading condition than loading condition. Under unloading condition, deformation modulus E50 and Possion ratio μ is quadric with the confining compress.

By describing the environmental requirements for food storage, puts forward the green air conditioning system to create a low-temperature environment for food of these creatures such as ice storage air-conditioning, ground source heat pumps, solar cooling and so on. Combined the related system diagram or schematic in the context of promoting green and healthy, pointed out the future direction of development of the low-temperature grain storage.

In civil engineering, the long-term service life of buildings as environmental measures is one of important performances being comparable to structure and fire safety, and it is demanded to improve durability of materials in building construction. This improvement of material durability is highly associating with lifetime of building, and so as not to reach the limit state of building components. It is imperative to determine a specific means and method in order to identify the surrounding environment on the deteriorating effect for building components and materials, as well as predicting a process of degradation phenomena and the limit state of buildings. As part of building materials, polymeric materials become widespread in civil engineering because of taking advantage of excellent property, such as lightweight, high corrosion resistance, and good formability. However, we should look ahead the lifecycle cost in order to have effective application of this material, so it is necessary to understand the lifecycle of such material. In weathering, outdoor weathering test is the surest way to clarify exactly how a material, component, or products degrade by environmental stresses in an acceptable timeframe, but it usually takes few years to decades to obtain a useful or referable result. Meanwhile, accelerated weathering test methods have been proposed as a method to obtain the results in a short period of time than outdoor weathering test. However, the method of estimating a material durability in the actual environment from these obtained data has not yet been established.In this section, it would be showing some attentions for comparison of the results from outdoor and accelerated weathering test. Then the need for investigating weatherability of polymeric materials through physicochemical analysis are emphasized to improve the relevance and precision of durability under field and laboratory weathering test. Lastly, introducing the design of accelerated weathering method based on natural weathering characteristics.

Arbitrary integer frequency divider based on single chip microcomputer proposed an arbitrary integer frequency divider design scheme within 100 for digital clock signals. Microcontroller detected the parity of the points frequency which was inputted by the external keyboard, and then controlled the switching controller switched the point frequency circuit between odd points frequency circuit and even. Therefore, a circuit design could solve problem along with the changing of the circuit and the heavy labor for changing the frequency num that existed in traditional divider .So it greatly reduced the cost.

It is commonly accepted that 36 in vacuo natural modes (NMS) are needed for converged, limit-cycle oscillations (LCOs) of isotropic or laminated anisotropic rectangular panels in supersonic air flow. It’s computationally costly for nonlinear aeroelastic panel response using such a large number of modes, and it also causes complexity and difficultly in designing controllers for panel flutter suppression. Based on Hamilton principle, the aeroelastic finite element motion equations of the 3-D panel are established by using the von Karman large deflection theory, first-order piston theory aerodynamics, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method are adopted to construct a reduced order model of the panel, then the reduced panel flutter equations are solved in time domain using a numerical integration method. Comparing with the LCOs calculated by using 36NMS, the results obtained by using the reduced order model based on POD method (POD/ROM) show a good agreement.

The effect of rhubarb ethanol extracts (REE) and cinnamon essential oil (CEO) were used individually and in combination to maintain quality of fresh beef steaks stored for 18 days at 4±1°C was investigated. Beef characteristics, including pH, total viable counts (TVC), instrumental color (CIE a*), lipid oxidation (TBARS) and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) were determined. The treatments significantly inhibited bacterial growth (p< 0.05) and maintained the pH, TVB-N, TBARS of beefsteaks and reduced instrumental color loss (p< 0.05). The results indicated that the treatments could efficiently maintain quality of fresh beef during storage and the combination of CEO and REE antimicrobial packaging had better application potential on fresh beef preservation.

Rhubarb as a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, but on its antibacterial effect with little research.In this paper, rhubarb is extracted by ethanol.By high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),make sure the optimum extraction technology .Through The Times dilution method to determine the minimum bacteriostasis,three factors quadratic orthogonal method is used to determine the optimal mix proportion of rhubarb and cinnamon is 2:1,and its preservation test was carried out on the cool fresh beef, at 4°Csealing under the condition of cold storage shelf life by day 9 to 16 day.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and rhubarb extract (REE) against 5 food-related microorganisms. The major active constituents of CEO were cinnamaldehyde (80.010%) and 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde (10.550%), and the major active constituents of REE were chrysophanic acid (54.950%) and physcion (13.270%). CEO and REE display strong inhibition against 5 strains. The checkerboard method was used to investigate the synergy antimicrobial potentiality of a combination of CEO and REE by analysis of the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). The FICI was calculated and interpreted as synergy, addition, indifference, or antagonism. The combination showed additive efficacy against all tested microorganisms.

With the continuous development of the 3rd generation telecommunication, the requirement of fluent switching is taken more consideration. The paper presents the relevant parameters and the implication of 2G/3G mode switching in CS domain. Proposes the optimization analysis of the basic principle of 2G/3G mode switching in CS domain, suggests a method using neighboring CIO to refine the origin switching methods, with the analysis of typical case by using the specific implementation process of neighboring CIO, the refined method proved to be of actual value and high efficient

The integrated transmission device of tank and armored vehicles is controlled by the electro-hydraulic control device, and the On-off shift solenoid valve is just the key component in it. As to models of different air gaps and voltages, through the magnetic circuit partitioning method and the finite element method, the relationship between design parameters and the electromagnetic force is got, and the reference ranges of voltage and gaps for steady electromagnetic force are also obtained from the results, which supply the theoretical basis for the design of structure of the solenoid valve.

The thin wall stainless steel castings is difference to ordinary steel castings in foundry technology. This paper discussed the problems of thin wall stainless steel castings which appearing in the flow controlling board for warm-air pipe, and put forward the foundry technology of this stainless steel castings based on the principle of directional solidification and fast pouring mechanism. According to the theory, twin gating system has been designed for the controlling board castings, and two ladles are pouring into the open twin gating system at the same time. The shrinkage of finally congealing part was fed by two risers. The practice has shown that the design is feasible, there is not cold shut, misrun, scab, and oxidizing for the castings, and the requirements of mechanical properties can be met.