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The force analysis on the in-plane and out-of-plane of honeycomb core referring to some related articles is presented. during the transportation of wine, the honeycomb paper core is under three-dimensional stress. According to stress condition in the process of wine packaging and transportation, based on the fourth strength principle, the equivalent load is obtained. And the stress with different stretching angels with virtual sampling method is calculated. Thus, the optimal stretching angle of honeycomb paper is acquired, which is .

Accurate description of creep crack stress field is very important to characterize the creep crack growth of the structures at elevated temperature. In general, the crack mode in practical engineering practices is not mere the mode I or mode II, and it is the mixed mode. The mismatch effect in weldment is also concerned by many researchers, however, there is no available literatures to discuss the stress field of mixed mode creep crack yet. The overall aim of this paper is to investigate and qualify the distribution of stress field for the mixed mode creep crack. In this paper, a mixed mode creep crack within the mismatched plate is discussed. The stress distribution of mixed mode creep crack are given in this article. With the definition of mode mixity for creep crack, the influence of mode mixity on the stress field is presented. The influence of mismatch effect on the principal stress, open stress and shear stress for mixed mode creep crack is also figured out. The main factor leads to the variation of creep crack tip stress field for mixed creep crack is analyzed. Some useful guidelines are proposed for the engineering purpose of integrity assessment for the structure at high temperature.

Primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) has been observed in CRDM nozzles, BMI nozzles and other penetration nozzles. The industry has used the repair method of replacement of nozzles fabricated of Alloy 690. After the replacement of the nozzle, the structural integrity analysis of new nozzle and welds should be performed to ensure the pressure boundary compliance with the original design requirement. In this paper, the pressurizer top head instrument nozzle of PWR nuclear power plant is evaluated as a typical pressure vessel penetration nozzle. The results showed that the repaired nozzle satisfies the ASME Code design requirement and the crack growth of the postulated flaw in 40 years of the nuclear plant life is acceptable.PWSCC degradation mechanism has been observed in CRDM nozzles, BMI nozzles and other penetration nozzles [1]. In some nuclear power plants built in China earlier, such as DAYABAY nuclear power plant and QINSHAN nuclear power plant, PWSCC degradation mechanism has been found in CRDM nozzle welds which manufactured of Alloy 600 and welded of Alloy 82/182[2]. The repair of the degraded nozzles is the popular choice for the nuclear power plant owners. After the replacement of the nozzle, the structural integrity analysis of new nozzle and welds should be performed to ensure the pressure boundary compliance with the original design requirement. In this paper, the pressurizer top head nozzle of PWR nuclear power plant is evaluated as a typical pressure vessel penetration nozzle. Stress intensities were conservatively determined for pressure and applicable thermal transients and compared to the allowable values of the ASME Code, Section III. Thermal stress of the transients was obtained from 3D finite element model (FEM). Residual stress of J-groove weld was obtained from 2D FEM analysis and used for fracture mechanics analysis. All of the analysis showed that the repaired nozzle satisfies the ASME Code design requirement and the crack growth of the postulated flaw in 40 years of the nuclear plant life is acceptable.

Creep crack within weldments are very common in engineering practices, and the cracking location in these welding structures always appears at the HAZ location. The mismatch effect on the mixed mode creep crack is still not clear in these available literatures. The aim of this paper is to investigate the mismatch influence on the creep crack of mixed mode thoroughly. A mixed mode creep crack within HAZ is established in this paper. The leading factor that dominates the creep crack tip field under mixed loading mode is studied. The influences of mismatch effect on mode mixity, stress distribution and stress triaxiality are proposed. The difference of mixed mode creep crack and normal mode I or mode II creep crack are compared. The influence of mixity factor on the transient and steady state creep of crack tip are also analyzed.

The structure of cylindrical shell with nozzle has been widely used in pressure equipment. The analysis and design for the structure of cylindrical shell with nozzle are generally based on the isotropy of metal at present, which may cause certain error and risk. Because of the approaches of rolling, heat treatment, and so on, the materials’ properties are different along each direction in practical engineering. In this paper, based on anisotropic thin shell theory, the analysis for orthotropic pressurized structure of thin-walled cylindrical shell with nozzle was conducted by using finite element software Ansys. The influences of thickness ratio and elastic modulus ratio were comprehensively considered, and also compared with the stress results under isotropic structure. The analysis results show that the values of stress and stress concentration factor for the structure of cylindrical shell with nozzle decrease with elastic modulus ratio, but increase with thickness ratio. Compared with the influence of thickness ratio, the elastic modulus ratio has significant effect on stress level. The rational use of the material anisotropic property can optimize the structure of thin-walled cylindrical shell with nozzle. The results in present paper provided a reference for the design of orthotropic pressurized structure of cylindrical shell with nozzle.

To evaluate the fatigue damage accumulation and predict the residual life of components at different stress levels, this paper proposed a modified cumulative damage model based on the strain energy density parameter. Noting that mean stress and load interaction under uniaxial fatigue loading exhibit significant effects on fatigue damage accumulation and life prediction. According to this, a new model based on damaged stress model which considers the effects of mean stress and load interaction was presented in this paper. The proposed model was verified by using four experimental data sets of aluminium alloys and steels. The experimental results are compared with those of the Miner’s rule, damaged stress model (DSM) and damaged energy model (DEM). Results show that the proposed model agrees better with the experimental observations than others.

Previous studies on the construction of lock-head allow to state that not only provide the means to reduce the stress, but more accurately reflect the actual force of the structure, which are given but there is no effect on the timing of the commissure analysis for the joint project.Based on the design of Xiangjiang River in Changsha integrated hub project, this paper propose the lock structure and layout of the program, in full consideration of the lock complex foundation condition, complex structure, temperature stress and other factors.In this paper, numerical simulation is used to simulate a variety of reasonable construction sequence and construction process, to analysis the characteristics of the stress of the bottom plate of the sluice, the settlement of the foundation and anti-force distribution features. And then discusses the overall stress characteristics and working mechanism of the first structure of the lower gate. On the basis of this, the reasonable construction sequence and structure optimization scheme are put forward.

This paper deals with the use of classical experimental technique of photoelasticity as well as modern one – digital image correlation by stress analysis. Both mentioned methods were used to compare the corresponding stress fields obtained on a sample with stress concentrators loaded by bending. The paper contains the basic principle of photoelasticity, methodology of static analysis with polariscope and briefly describes the measurement with low-speed digital image correlation system. Taking into account that the used correlation system does not allow to evaluated stress fields, calculation and visualization of stress fields were realized in program Q-STRESS v.1.0 developed at the authors department.

A new fatigue life simulation analysis method for spot weld joints is proposed which considers the fatigue crack propagation from the point of fracture mechanics. The traditional fatigue simulation analysis methods for spot weld joints are mainly LBF method based on force and LMS method based on stress, while there exist some issues such as the prediction accuracy is not high, modeling and computational efficiency is low. A modular spot weld model is adopted in this paper, the node forces and moments around the spot weld are extracted through the finite element analysis, then a average stress intensity factor through the crack propagation path is calculated as the evaluation parameter of fatigue life. Shear fatigue test is designed for spot weld joints with two high strength steel materials (HSLA340GI and DP600GI) and four different thicknesses, then double logarithmic regression analysis is implemented between the average stress intensity factor and the fatigue life data of spot weld joints, then a matching curve is obtained as the fatigue life prediction curve for spot welds. Comparative analysis of prediction accuracy is implemented for these three methods, the results show that the prediction accuracy of fatigue simulation method for spot weld joints in this paper is higher than traditional LBF and LMS methods.

Spur gear is used to transfer rotary motion between parallel shafts. The simplicity in its design is one of the advantages of the spur gear. However higher frictional force that is accumulated on the gear teeth will influence the spur gear performance. Many previous papers elaborated extensively on the contact stress in the spur gear but few of them gave the details on how friction affects the gear teeth. There are insufficient frictional effect data in the gear and thus should be regarded as an important research parameter. In this paper, the contact stress of spur gear has been evaluated with and without friction by employing the Hertz theory, AGMA standard and finite element method (FEM). The frictionless contact stress result has been validated with both the theoretical methods with minimum deviation. Frictional coefficient range of 0.0 to 0.3 was selected and the corresponding contact stress is directly proportional to the friction coefficient. The work also involves the variation of face width of the gear set under the influence of friction. The contact stress of spur gear was found to be inversely proportional to the face width.

This paper present the investigation of sandwich model in the view of its properties. The objective of this paper is to define the mechanical properties of LM6 model and sandwich model. In recent years, researchers have viewed polymer matrix composite (PMC) as a potential material to increase the overall performance of materials for various type of field. This paper focused on the sandwich design by using metal material as the skin. The simulation study by using SolidWorks software is the simulation process used in this research to determine the stress, displacement and factor of safety of the design base. The purpose of design analysis in this paper is to prove the distribution data of simulation by indicating the maximum and minimum value of the design. In this research, LM6 materials used as the skin to introduced the kenaf-fibre composite in the sandwich design. LM6 is aluminium casting alloy which has tensile strength until 190MPa and its ductility properties enable to modify the shape by using casting process. The natural fibre has been used in this paper is kenaf-fibre due to its high tensile strength at 930MPa with 53GPa for the young modulus value. Two models are design for simulation study which is LM6 model and kenaf-fibre-LM6 model. These are to found out the characteristic between these two models.

This paper deals with the use of special asphalt-rubber mixture, the Stress Absorbing Layer (SAL). Description of SAL and test methods is given in theoretical part of this paper. Several different mixtures were designed and selected ones subsequently tested. Low-temperature properties, rutting test, bending tensile relaxation, stiffness modulus and fatigue properties were determined. These parameters are stated for asphalt-rubber mixtures with aggregate sizes up to 5 mm, 8 mm or 16 mm.

High-strength steel is often used in the design and manufacture of the pressure vessel and the failure accident often happens in the weld area after used. CF62 is chosen in this paper which is the large-scale sphere steel for manufacture and the equal-loading butt joint of whose three different sizes are designed. The weld simulations of the equal-loading joints are made by 3D FEM, then the residual stress distributions and the influence of the thickness are analyzed in this paper. The results show that the equal-loading butt joint's weld toe is without stress concentration and the equal-loading butt joint can reduce the residual stress during the welding process. The thinner equal-loading butt joint has the lower residual stress. The joint designed by the equivalent Von Mises calculation has the lower stress than the one designed by the maximum stress calculation as well and the same as the weld toe's stress concentration. But the half reinforcement width of the maximum stress calculation butt joint is smaller than that of the equivalent Von Mises joint and whose welding electrode is economical, so the maximum stress equal-loading joint fits the engineering practical more.

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) has been widely used in large-scale concrete infrastructure’s reinforcement and renovation because of its low weight and high strength, which promotes CFRP application in the field of civil engineering. This paper two aged beams reinforced by CFRP sheet was loaded to failure in four-point bending by laboratory experiment. Then the numerical model was built to simulate the destruction process and compared with test results. Based on the studying of this paper, the changing law of beam’s stress, ultimate bearing capacity growth, failure mode and cracking propagation was investigated during the loading process. The research has guiding significance for the design and construction of concrete structures reinforced by CFRP laminates.

This paper studies on the compression properties of larch glum columns by building a finite element modeling. A three-dimension solid element SOLID 95 (Fig.1) of ANSYS is elected to simulate the test specimens firstly. The numerical simulation result (stress-strain curve) agrees with the experimental result. The highest stress value on the cross section is 12% of that along the grain, which is approximate with the result (10%) carried out from test. For the strain profile under the ultimate load, the strain distributes homogenous along the grain while the values of strain are almost the same at the corn of cross section. The modeling built in this paper can verify the compression test of the larch glum columns. It is reasonable to simplify the glum columns as transverse isotropy material.

Masonry is a complex multicomponent composite consisting of dissimilar materials (brick / stone and mortar). Masonry deformation process under loading depends on the mechanical characteristics of the basic composite materials, as well as of the parameters of the elements defining binding between brick and mortar being the interface elements. Traditional methods of masonry modeling are based on the use of generalized ("effective") mechanical properties of the composite as a continuant homogeneous continuant medium. This paper presents an overview and analysis of continuant masonry models adequately reflecting the process of elastic, and in some cases elastic-plastic masonry deformation within the composition of stone structural elements. The paper provides analysis of the experimental research results of masonry behaviour in a biaxial stress state at primary stresses of opposite signs; identifies masonry destruction mechanisms complying with the conditions of stress state. The work demonstrates the key role played by interface elements in the formation of masonry destruction processes. Based on destruction mechanisms deduced from experiments, there was developed a discrete model of masonry. A system of masonry strength criteria was proposed corresponding to the biaxial stress state conditions at primary stresses of opposite signs. For purposes of studying the elastic-plastic deformation and destruction of masonry, there was developed a technology of numerical experiment performance using calculation technologies with a stepwise tracking of stress-and-strain state, at step-by-step loading. The scope of this paper includes verification of modeling method and technology of numerical experiment at various parameters of interface elements defining binding between bricks and mortar.

Masonry is a complex multicomponent composite consisting of dissimilar materials (brick / stone and mortar). Masonry deformation process under loading depends on the mechanical characteristics of the basic composite materials, as well as of the parameters of the elements defining binding between brick and mortar being the interface elements. Traditional methods of masonry modeling are based on the use of generalized ("effective") mechanical properties of the composite as a continuant homogeneous continuant medium. This paper presents an overview and analysis of continuant masonry models adequately reflecting the process of elastic, and in some cases elastic-plastic masonry deformation within the composition of stone structural elements. The paper provides analysis of the experimental research results of masonry behaviour in a biaxial stress state at primary stresses of opposite signs; identifies masonry destruction mechanisms complying with the conditions of stress state. The work demonstrates the key role played by interface elements in the formation of masonry destruction processes. Based on destruction mechanisms deduced from experiments, there was developed a discrete model of masonry. A system of masonry strength criteria was proposed corresponding to the biaxial stress state conditions at primary stresses of opposite signs. For purposes of studying the elastic-plastic deformation and destruction of masonry, there was developed a technology of numerical experiment performance using calculation technologies with a stepwise tracking of stress-and-strain state, at step-by-step loading. The scope of this paper includes verification of modeling method and technology of numerical experiment at various parameters of interface elements defining binding between bricks and mortar

Pipe fracture and compensator tear may happen when directly buried pipes with large diameter, high temperature and pressure adopt preheated installation. Combined with engineering, this paper analyzes theoretically the fracture accident on DN1200 return water pipe during the period of cold operation and analyzes various factors which cause the pipeline fracture, when adopt open ditch electric preheating. By the numerical simulation, the size of influence factors on fracture was obtained, and the conclusion that the tensile stress is greater than the compressive stress was also obtained, where the preheating temperature was defined by means of “intercycle temperature”. It is worth nothing, the buried pipeline will emerge vertical bending under the main impact of soil and transportation loads. The vertical bending is related to pipe base, and the value of curving stress will be very big if the pipe base is mishandled. The coupling effect of curving stress and the temperature tensile stress can lead the pipeline to fracture, such as the disposable compensator place, the pipeline welding place, corners, the pipe wall flaw place and so on. This paper proposed the effective preventive measure which may reduce the occurrence probability of pipeline fracture during temperature drop process.

This paper introduces in detail the characteristics and applications of composite beams of steel and concrete, and discusses the current research situation of steel and concrete composite beams and put forward to solve the problem. Through the paper systematically analyze and compute the stress structure of composite beams to determine the technical indexes in detail. The results show that, the structure of composite beams of steel and concrete stress is reasonable; the economy is good, need to vigorously promote.

This Paper Aims to Determine by Experiment Total Force and Stress of Deformation Depending on Punch Stroke and the Level of Deformation on Severe Plastic Deformation of Aluminum by Multiaxial Cold Forging. the Deformation Force in Multiaxial Forging Depends on a Number of Parameters of whom the most Important are: Strain, the Flow Force of Aluminum, Deformation Speed, the Friction between the Material and the Die, Shape and Size of Die, the Dimensions of Deform Profile, Shape and Dimensions of Workpiece, Temperature Variation during the Process, Physical and Mechanical Properties of the Workpiece Material, the Structural Inhomogeneity of Workpiece Material. the Deformation Process is Discontinuous and Includes Deformation Processes that Define a Cycle of Severe Plastic Deformation. this Paper Aims to Determine the Force and Stress Corresponding to the First 12 Cycles of Severe Plastic Deformation.

In this paper, an analysis of seismic performance was done about cast-in-situ and prefabricated wall - beam plane connecting joints by a nonlinear finite element analysis software. In ensuring parameters and loading unchanged, the stress nephogram was acquired on cast-in-situ and prefabricated wall - beam plane connecting nodes in the same low-cyclic reversed load test and two components hysteresis curves and skeleton curves were extracted. Through comparison and analysis. In the research scope, comparing with cast-in-situ joints, prefabricated wall - beam joints had high bearing capacity and good ductility. This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.

In order to research the self-centering capacity of prefabricated frame joints, this paper designed analysis models of prefabricated frame joint with the finite element software ABAQUS, contrastively analyzed seismic behavior of joint applied pretention and joint without pretention. Joint applied pretention is found to have better self-centering capacity. Then the paper calculated and analyzed the factors of stretching control stress, number of post-tensioned steel. The results show that number of post-tensioned steel has a greater influence on the seismic behavior of the structure, and the stretching control stress has influence in a certain range. The results have some degree of guiding significance for the popularization of prefabricated frame.

The objective of this paper is to provide the references through finite element analysis for steel tube concrete beams bearing capacity settlement. The paper verified the correctness of the constitutive relation of concrete, the correctness and the model through the establishment of the concrete damaged plasticity model with recycled concrete details in the finite element analysis software ABAQUS. Then the stress characteristics of steel pipe concrete beam in bending condition under different substitution rate could be found through model calculation. The result is that the mid span bending - strain curve from simulation agreed to the experimental results, and the model is proved correct. Finally it came to the conclusions. Other things being equal, the recycled concrete filled square tube changed a lot in bending state when the substitution rate grows, but it didn’t occur to the circular one. In the meantime, the writer proposed the conjecture on the bearing capacity calculation of the two types of structure.

Subgrade stress under static vehicle load is different from that under moving load. In order to study the law of subgrade dynamic stress under moving vehicle load, the paper established the three-dimensional analysis model with finite element software and calculated the subgrade dynamic stress of different depth. It is concluded that subgrade dynamic stress decreases with the increase of depth and the smaller the depth is, the faster the degradation is. To a certain depth, subgrade dynamic stress changes a little. Meanwhile, the paper analyzed the effect of surface layer modulus and thickness, roadbase modulus and the thickness, subgrade modulus on subgrade dynamic stress. It is concluded that surface layer modulus and thickness have little effect on subgrade dynamic stress , subgrade dynamic stress decreases when roadbase modulus and the thickness increase, especially for the depth of the subgrade is relatively small. Subgrade dynamic stress increases with the increase of subgrade modulus. Increase trend is more obvious when the depth is small.

Cyclic thermal loading causes cyclic thermal stress and thermal fatigue in the component. The goal of this paper is to characterize the thermal fatigue behavior of after-treatment (AT) device, i.e. Exhaust Gas Processor (EGP) and prediction of crack initiation cycles. The paper contains transient thermal analysis to map temperature on EGP model. By taking temperature distribution as input, Elasto-plastic structural analysis is done. Based on stress-strain data and fatigue material property, crack initiation cycles are estimated. For low cycle fatigue analysis, strain based approach, i.e. Brown-Miller Criteria with Morrow mean stress correction factor [1] is used. The von-Mises stress and crack initiation cycles are investigated and S-N curve and Ɛ-N curve are compared with standard graphs.

Structural study of the soil is an important research content of soil mechanics. Based on the previous research results of soil structure, this paper puts forward the Gunary Model as a completely new form to describe the stress-strain relationship of soil, to discuss the method to determine soil strain considering structural parameter under the new model, to give the relevant function of the stress controlling structural parameter with stress. The results show that the Gunary Model is applicable to characterize the stress-strain relationship of soil, the parameter controls the fitting accuracy and decides the curve shape; by using the stress-strain expression of the Gunary Model, this paper finds the calculated value of stress controlling structural parameter and stress meets the two-parameter linear reciprocal function form.

The finite element analysis is used for general experimental mechanics of materials. By analyzing numerical value of finite element in ANSYS software platforms, the corresponding stress, strain data and deformation diagram will be obtained. This lays a foundation for academic research of experiment. This paper compares the conventional electric method with finite element analysis by the normal-stress distribution of pure bending beams experiment. The comparing shows that the experimental results of the two methods are uniformity. In this paper, the study provides an effective way to experimental mechanics of innovative research.

The paper deals with the calculation and examination of the mechanical effects on the stop screw in the axial hydrostatic motor. It includes the preparation and the setup of virtual prototypes, as well as the simulation and the processing results of the rigid-body and flexible virtual prototypes using MSC. Adams software. The paper deals with transient analysis of the housing of hydromotor too. Analysis was calculated in software ANSYS.

The innovation of computer software and hardware technology has brought the power to support strong for the numerical simulation technology, and computer three-dimensional simulation has been applied to various engineering fields. Engineering safety early warning system is a hot problem of the computer simulation, in which using the ANSYS computer software can calculate the stress numerical in engineering to carry out stress analysis, which could realize the function of engineering safety early warning. In this paper, the mining slope stress calculation and prediction as an example, we carry out calculate the stress of mine slope, and as can be seen from the calculations, mine stress does not reach the ultimate safety value, the maximum stress of mine Y direction reached is 5.81Mpa, exceeding the limit value of 5.60Mpa; Z direction compressive stress is reached 3.78Mpa, more than the stress limit 3.56MPa. After the stress limit, mine is prone to landslide hazard, so this paper markers the dangerous positions through the ANSYS software, which can be the successful implementation of the mine slope stress detection and early warning.

The extradosed cable-stayed bridge is a new type of bridge developed in recent year. The optimization methods commonly used are based on the cable-stayed bridge and not entirely suit for the extradosed cable-stayed bridge. The paper puts forward a new optimization method, which applies the unknown coefficient functions aided by MIDAS/CIVIL, it takes the reasonable feasible range of dead moment solved by stress balanced method as the constraint condition, makes the square of unknown coefficients as objective function, and solves the cable force based on the effect matrix method thus to determine the cable force in reasonably completion state. This new method is verified with favorable effect, the internal force of this structure appear significant improvement. And finally, the results show better cable force obtained under the method in this paper compared with the cable force under other constraint conditions and objective functions.

This paper establishes the two-dimensional model, three-dimensional simplified model and three-dimensional of the single-screw pump stators ,and accomplishes their displacement and stress analysis in even pressure inside the stator using ANSYS software. This paper analyzes the comparison results of the combined displacement, equivalent stress and shear stress cloud in the XY plane of single screw pump stator’s three different models. The results manifest the significant differences of the three models for finite element analysis. This study validates that finite element analysis of three-dimensional model leads closer to the true situation.

Goal of the paper was to investigate stress state and contact pressures in contact pair of tribological assembly by numerical simulation. This paper deals with simulation of cylindrical contact pair. One part has convex (shaft) and other one concave (hole) surface of the body. This assembly represents friction state of the plain cylindrical journal bearing. The paper includes results of stress state and contact pressures from two loading states. The first loading state includes only radial loading without effect of the torque moment and the second one includes radial loading with torque moment. If we want to know more about tribological processes we will have to know stress state in the materials loaded through contact interaction between two bodies to the last detail. This level of knowledge can be achieved just by numerical simulation. The simulation was made by CAE system ANSYS.

The plane finite element analysis is mostly adopted in soft rock tunnel excavation instead of three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis at present, but almost every underground engineering is a spatial nonlinear problem which, in many cases, cannot be simplified into a plane problem. This paper presents a three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element analysis of incremental variable plastic in soft rock tunnel excavation, through analyzing the tunnel excavation and support, and combining the incremental variable plastic stiffness method into three-dimensional elastic-plastic model in light of the advantage of increment variable stiffness method and the incremental additional load method. Simulation results show that, the three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element analysis model presented in this paper changes little final deformation under different load release coefficients, together with small support stress.

The stability analysis and evaluation on high slope is of great significance. The stability analysis on the slope of ZHANG-ZHUO highway is carried on in this paper by using the strength reduction method and ABAQUS software. According to the stress and plastic deformation calculated by ABAQUS software, the paper gives evaluations for the stability of slope. It turns out that safety factor of the slope is greater than three; the stability of the slope is well.

Cartilage with complex structure is a porous viscoelastic material. The direction of arrangement of collagen fibers in different layer regions directly affects the mechanical properties of the cartilage layer region. It is very important to use the method of numerical simulation for studying cartilage damage and repair through experimental measurements of cartilage mechanical parameters of the different layers. Because of the relatively small size of the cartilage, it is very difficult to measure mechanical parameters of cartilages by tensile test. The paper for main problems in the tensile test of cartilages, first by porcine articular cartilage compression testing, measuring the displacement of cartilage areas of different layers, according to the characteristics of the displacement determines the size of areas of different layers of cartilage, and then designed the cartilage and substrate stretching models. Model includes two forms of direct bonding and embedding bonding to simulate stretching process of different layers of the cartilage area in numerical way, displacement fields and stress-strain fields of stretching cartilage in different layer regions are derived. The numerical results show that using the way of embedded bonding can make stress of articular well-distributed without stress concentration, so it is a good way of bonding methods. Paper of the research work laid the foundation for measuring mechanical parameters of cartilage by stretch experiment.

The presented paper deals with the influence of manufacturing process on the stress state of mechanical parts. The problem is presented in the assembly of the belt drum. The connections of individual parts are realized by press fitting and welding technology. The practical use of the belt drum shows the initiation of cracks in the weld body. The presence of press fitting connection in the structure is marked as the origin of high stresses in the weld body. The paper proposes the new assembly method in order to reduce the stress level in the weld structure and points the assembly method as one of important factors influencing the stress state of mechanical parts.

Hole shapes and their locations in lotus roots were studied and presented in this paper. The finite element method was used to study the effect of several factors on the structural integrity of a lotus root-like component. The factors considered in this paper include hole shape, number, size and location. The analysis of different structures was carried out using ANSYS software and assuming a porosity of 20% for each case. Stress values, effects of each factor and interactions between factors are discussed in the paper. The results from the analysis showed that engineering component design can be inspired by the lotus root which has several holes of different shape and size.

The self-excited vibration of machinery is a common vibration in mechanical vibrations. Mechanical self-excited vibration destroys the normal working of the mechanical device and leads to mechanical fatigue damage. If the self-excited vibration reaches to the vibration frequency of machinery, it can produce the resonance and result in the scrapping of mechanical devices. The study of mechanical self-excited vibration has great significance. According to mathematical finite element methods, this paper establishes the mathematical model of the mechanical natural frequency through the finite volume method and gives the mathematical derivation formula of mechanical devices self-vibrated frequency. The second part of the paper simulates self-vibrated process of machinery using the professional software ANSYS software. First, it establishes a three-dimensional model of the mechanical device through the pre-processing module and analyzes mechanical self-excited vibration through calculation module and gets the frequency modal map of self-excited vibration process. It studies the mechanism of the mechanical self-excited vibration combining with modern signal analysis techniques--wavelet analysis. It gets the vibration source location which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the study of mechanical self-excited vibration.

Double-edged hob is commonly used as a tunneling tool when the shield machine works and it is easy to failure due to its insufficient strength in the rock breaking process. In order to solve this problem, the paper used the theory of finite element to do static simulation analysis of the hob. Firstly, the paper generated a three-dimensional model by using the software Pro/E based on a constant cross section double-edged cutter. Then, the maximum stress, maximum strain and their distributions on the double-edged hob could be obtained from static analysis based on the finite element analysis software ABAQUS. Finally, we could get the conclusion that double-edged hob met strength requirements in the test load conditions by comparing the maximum stress and yield strength of hob material. The results of static simulation analysis provided reference to material selection and optimization design of the double-edged hob and cutter head.

This paper uses both numerical simulation method and experimental research method to study on welding residual stress of high-strength steel of the cone-cylinder hull. Welding is often accompanied by a larger welding residual stress, which directly affects the safety and service life of the hull structure. In order to obtain the distribution of the welding residual stress, the welding procedure was developed by its parameter language by using FE analysis software in this paper. Then the welding residual stress of hot spot region was measured through X-ray nondestructive testing method, and compared it with simulation results. Finally, considering the residual stress as the initial stress, this paper analyzed dynamic response process of the welding structure under combined actions of the welding residual stress and multiaxial loads, which could more accurately determine the stress of welding structure and the location of fatigue risk point. According to the amplitude of damage parameters and strain time-history curve, we can estimate the fatigue life of structure by selecting the corresponding damage models.

In this paper, the finite element analysis is made to the structure of the impeller, a finite element model of a impeller with cracks was established. This paper presents results of the stress analysis of the compressor blade subjected to centrifugal force and aerodynamic equilibrium pressure. A nonlinear finite element method was utilized to determine the stress state of the blades. In this analysis, the numerical models without defects and also with cracks were defined. The simulation results showed that high stresses occurred in the areas where the cracks initiated under both centrifugal force and aerodynamic equilibrium pressure. The distribution of two cracked blades can greatly influence the stress level of the impeller; when two cracked blades locate in the adjacent positions，the increasing value of stress is minimum. When the two cracked blades separated by 150°, the increasing value of stress is maximum. It provides a basis for strength calculation of the impeller.

This paper will take five male patients who performed a double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction to do finite element analysis and compare the stress distributions with each other. In order to lead this paper to reality, a model of the original bone tunnel according to CT is created and transformed into a finite-element model based on the reverse engineering method. The double-bundle ACL graft in the bone tunnel simulates the interference screw which screwed the ACL under the limit of friction and fix of contact. The dynamic analysis is performed with the femur flexion-extension axis which is under the limit of a fixed rotation angle (100°) and two degrees of freedom of motion in flexion. In the postprocess, the ACL graft is divided into several parts to get the stress distribution which will be easily to discuss the results. The result shows that max stress can be found on the top of the ACL or at the start point of the ACL because of the fixed position of the interference screw. The stress in PL bundle is greater than the stress in AM bundle. The angle of flexion will affect the stress and the stress might be higher at a specific angle.

By testing the seismic performance of the beams and columns of three SRHC with different axial compression ratios, the paper reveals the influence pattern of the nodes’ stress transfer and distribution, cracks’ appearance and development, member deformation, destruction pattern and mechanism, energy dissipation capacity etc., in SRHC with different axial compression ratios. The test shows that the increase of axial compression ratio postpones the appearance of the diagonal cracks in the nodes area, and slows down moderately the speed of development of the diagonal cracks, and improves the nodes’ energy dissipation capacity and ductility etc. this article studies its crack resistance and bearing capacity only. The purpose of this test is, through the low cyclic loading test of the nodes in the beams and columns of three SRHC with different axial compression ratios, to investigate the axial compression ratio’ influence on the cracks’ appearance, development, destruction pattern and deformation characteristics in the nodes; to analyze of the factors influencing the load-carrying capability; to validate the calculation methods proposed by related studies, which is little studied by foreign countries. This paper, based on the analysis of axial compression ratio test, further validates and improves the theory and methods proposed in the literature.

Simulation analysis was made with the factors of the base paper and the structure of honeycomb paperboard by means of ANSYS after abstract and simplify honeycomb paperboard model. The results show thatfactors of quantification of surface paper, cell length, paperboard thickness and aperture ratio all have a great effect on the mechanics performance of honeycomb paperboard. With the increase of quantification of surface paper, longitudinal and transverse platform stress both rise gradually. With the increase of cell length and paperboard thickness, the platform stress and peak stress under different compression direction of honeycomb paperboard all decrease, providing a reference for the study of numerical simulation and mechanical property tests.

Gun tube is a kind of thin-walled circular tube with special use. Its inner surface are loaded serious gas loading of high temperature and high pressure gas when consecutive shooting. In this paper, the assault rifle gun is taken as the research object and the FEM software ANSYS is taken as a computing platform, data of barrel dynamic temperature and stress under continuous loading are obtained. The calculation results show that, (1) The temperature field and stress field coupling effect is very obvious in the barrel bore surface; (2) Thermal shock has obvious thin-layer effect; (3) The thermal stress caused by heat load significantly higher than the bore pressure produced by chamber pressure .Model and analysis method used in this paper provides an important reference of design for the design and improve of the barrel in the aspect of heat intensity.

A cohesive model (CM) was introduced in this paper. The constitutive response of cohesive behavior depends on a traction-separation description characterized by the initial stiffness, damage initiation threshold, and damage evolution properties.Through the aseismic analysis of a gravity dam, the displacement, stress and anti-sliding safety factor were discussed in the paper, the results were also compared between elastic model (EM) and plastic model (PM). The results shown that the displacement amplitude computed by PM and CM was nearly twice larger than that by EM, and the area of stress concentration became not so obvious. The cohesive model could efficiently simulate the discontinuous structure and the responses of seismic computed by PM and CM were more correspond to actual situation.

Submersible electric pump units are connected by bolts. This paper uses finite element analysis method to simulate how the pump joint bolt behave when it transmit torque.In this paper, temperature method is adopted to simulate the bolt preload and axial deformation.It also used to analyse and calculate the limited value when submersible electric pump units transmit torque under different preload. All of this provide the designing of connecting bolt preload and construction with theoretical basis.

In order to confirm the calculation model of multi-ribbed slab structure and transmission of earthquake action, this paper improved existing multi-ribbed slab structure. The calculation model of improved multi-ribbed slab structure confirmed the stress relationship among three seismic fortification lines, and the transmission of earthquake action became clear, the same calculation model could be applied in structural analysis. For studying the effect of characteristic parameters of restoring force changing in the second seismic fortification line on seismic performance, and correcting the parameters, this paper analyze push-over model of the second seismic fortification line to get the static pushover curve. According to the study, the amount of steel bar in grid column and sectional dimensions of grid beam made the major effect on characteristic parameters of restoring force in the second seismic fortification line. The growth of steel bar’s sectional area in grid framework and the yield strength are mainly in direct proportion. It is more reasonable that simultaneously alter steel bar’s sectional area in grid frame and dimensions of grid framework to adjust characteristic parameters of restoring force changing in the second seismic fortification line.

Using the finite element code ABAQUS and taking account of the wind load reduction, this paper presents a set of construction simulation methods of concrete cooling towers. A natural draft cooling tower at Taishan nuclear power station in Guangdong province, China, under three speeds of construction is simulated. Displacement and stress distributions of the cooling tower in the different construction stages are obtained. Some interested parts of the cooling tower are analyzed in detail and the variations of displacements and stresses of these parts with the construction are concluded. A comparative study of the influence of construction speed on displacements and stresses is performed as well. The analyses and proposals of this paper may be used as reference to the cooling tower design and construction.

A kind of force measurement mechanism which can measure the two-directional transient impact load in the same time is introduced in this paper, and the analysis research of the mechanical part are followed. First, by using the pro/E software, the 3D concrete model of the force mechanism is contributed. Then, by means of the ANSYS finite element analysis software, its stiffness and strength are analyzed, and strain and deformation figures from different directions are obtained. The static maximum deformation and strain of the force measurement mechanism and its key components, and also the whole distribution are showed in the analysis results. The weak parts of the force measurement mechanism and its key components are also showed in this paper, which can be helpful for the further improvement and following actual tests [.1]