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Analytic two-dark soliton solutions for a variable–coefficient nonlinear Schrodinger equation are obtained via modified Hirota method. Parallel solitons are observed and soliton control such as the soliton compression is realized with different group velocity dispersion profiles. Besides, soliton interactions are investigated with the interaction distance being adjusted. In addition, soliton repulsive structures as well as attractive ones are obtained with exponential dispersion profile. Results in our research may be useful for the soliton control in inhomogeneous optical fibers, which will be a benefit to the realistic optical communication systems.

In this paper, the ( 2 + 1 ) -dimensional variable-coefficient nonlinear Schrodinger equation with a parity-time-symmetric potential U P T ( r , φ ) is investigated. With the separation of variables, the solutions for that equation are obtained. Via the obtained solutions, some dromion structures are derived with corresponding parameters, and the influences of them (especial parity-time-symmetry) are analyzed and studied. Results show that the parity-time-symmetric potential plays an important role for obtaining dromion structures.

Interactions of dromion-like structures in the ( 1 + 1 ) dimension variable coefficient nonlinear Schrodinger equation are studied for the first time. Analytic solutions for this equation are obtained, and physical parameters for this equation are assumed to be the Gaussian and hyperbolic functions, respectively. With a suitable choice of the parameters in the solutions, two and four dromion-like structures are presented, and interactions between them are discussed. Influences of corresponding parameters are analyzed. Results in this paper may have the applications in nonlinear optics and plasma physics.