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This study investigates the asymmetric effects of monetary policy shocks on the macroeconomic variables of exchange rate, output and inflation for an emerging economy ‒ Turkey ‒ by using monthly data between 1990 and 2014. We employ the innovative nonlinear vector autoregressive model of Kilian and Vigfusson (2011), which allows us to observe the effect of different stances (tight or loose) and different sizes (small or large) of monetary policy actions. Our empirical evidence reveals that tight monetary policy, which, in this case, is captured with a positive shock to interest rate, decreases exchange rate, output and prices, as economic theory suggests. Loose monetary policy, which is captured with a negative shock to interest rate, has the opposite effect on these variables. However, the effects of loose monetary policy are weaker than the effects of tight monetary policy because loose monetary policy shocks are less effective than tight monetary policy shocks. Moreover, as the magnitude of a shock increases, the difference between the effects of tight and loose monetary policy policies also increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we aim to analyse the role of credit channel in the monetary transmission mechanism under different inflationary environments in Turkey covering the period from January 1986 to October 2009. Our results suggest that traditional interest rate channel is only valid for the post-inflation targeting period. This variable is also a more effective monetary policy tool in terms of its impacts on economic activity in both the regimes. Credit shocks itself have significant power on economic activity and prices. However, the effect of monetary shocks on credit volume is very limited, especially in the low-inflation regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]