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In this paper sectoral production functions are estimated with a two digit disaggregation for eight European countries corresponding to the period 1978-1992, distinguishing between internal economies of scale and intersectoral external effects. In order to avoid the possibility that the regressions, carried out by way of panel data techniques, are spurious, the integration order of each variable has been identified using unit root. Similarly, the Hausman procedure has been applied to test the exogeneity of the variables and determine whether the most appropriate estimations should be SUR or three stage least squares. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the evolution of the EU productivity between 1980 and 2003, both across regions and sectors. By making use of various techniques (cross-section, nonparametric and spatial approaches) it concludes that: (1) the regional and sectoral dispersion of productivity is quite high; (2) the gains experienced in aggregate productivity are due entirely to the sectors productivity growth effect; (3) there is a weak beta-convergence process at the aggregate and sectoral levels; (4) the accounting decomposition of the aggregate productivity convergence process reveals the sectoral productivity growth effect to be the only responsible factor for regional catching-up; (5) finally, there are clear signs of spatial dependence which, when properly addressed, increase the speed of convergence at the aggregate level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine the relation between the international trade, the foreign direct investment and the total factor productivity of the Mediterranean partner countries of Europe within the framework of a cointegrated panel model. The results, obtained from data on seven Mediterranean partner countries of Europe (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Morocco, Tunisia, Turkey), show that FDI and human capital are complementary in the acquisition of productivity gains. We identify the threshold level of human capital from which the received foreign investments generate beneficial effects. In a more general way, the improvement of the total factor productivity via the international openness results only from the indirect effects related to the transfer of technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines the convergence properties of productivity among European countries over the period of 1960 to 1997. Use of modified translog production systems to estimate productivity; Estimation of production function with the use of econometric techniques; Application of stationarity tests to examine convergence in common long-run trend.

In this article, we show that the recent financial crisis has significantly affected the potential total factor productivity (TFP) of the four largest euro area economies, as well as that of the rest of the euro area. We used a reduced-form equation of TFP, based on an approach recently developed by Cahn and Saint-Guilhem (2010). Our empirical findings show that the permanent impact on potential TFP varies across countries from –3.9 points to –1.3 points in Q2 2012. When these losses are incorporated, TFP gaps develop closely in line with capacity utilization rates (CUR). Moreover, in the case of France, including CUR in our TFP model improves the quasi-real-time reliability of TFP gap estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Finding proper policy instruments to promote productivity growth features prominently in the Europe 2020 strategy and is central in many national as well as European policy debates. In view of the increased mobility of high-skilled workers in Europe, ongoing globalization and increased interregional and international co-operation, location patterns of innovative activity may be subject to drastic changes. A proper understanding of location patterns of innovative outputs can enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of national and European placed-based innovation policies. Building on the literature on the knowledge production function, the aim of this article is to explain the observed differences in the production of innovative outputs across European regions. Our main research question is whether geographical proximity and social capital are important vehicles of knowledge transmission in Europe. Several other variables are used to control for structural differences across European regions. We find support for the hypothesis that both social capital and geographical proximity are important factors in explaining the observed differences in the production of innovative output across European regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates how the ownership and the selection procedure of firms operating in the Local Public Transport (LPT) sector affect their productivity. In order to compare different institutional regimes, we carry out a comparative analysis of 77 companies operating in large European cities over the period 1997 to 2006. This allows us to consider firms selected either through competitive tendering or negotiated procedures. Retrieving the residuals we obtain a measure of Total Factor Productivity (TFP), which we regress on firm and city characteristics. We find that totally or partially public firms display lower productivity than privately owned firms. Moreover, firms selected through competitive tendering display higher TFP. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

To identify and target lagging regions policy makers require statistics to be produced at regional level. In many instances it is not possible simply to compare regional-level statistics produced by Member State national statistical offices as there is variation in the methods and assumptions used to produce them. Capital stock statistics at the national level have been available for most countries of the EU27 for some time, but statistics at the regional level are absent for almost all countries. Where they do exist the methods used to produce them are not consistent across countries. This article assesses the feasibility of producing comparable estimates of the capital stock at NUTS2 regional level for the EU27 and makes some initial estimates. The article outlines the method and data employed, and the techniques used to fill missing values. The approach is a Perpetual Inventory Method (PIM) based on that outlined in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Manual on capital estimation, and the data employed were taken from Eurostat or other publicly available sources wherever possible. The article analyses the robustness of the capital stock estimates produced, as well as their impact on productivity analysis, and suggests how they can be improved in future updates. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Economic thought has often regarded business cycles as asymmetric. This study examines the existence of asymmetries over the business cycle in seven European countries: France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom. To analyse this issue, industrial production in these countries from 1957 to 1998 is examined, and quarterly contractions and expansions in this variable are compared. The results obtained with both parametric and non- parametric methods allow the existence of asymmetries in these countries to be questioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been suggested that members in the EC or the EFTA experienced significantly higher growth rates compared to nonmember countries. This suggests that the European integration either captures omitted variables or that it gives rise to increased growth rates through enhanced investment and/or increased knowledge transfer. The present study attempts to resolve this issue. The analysis identifies a two-link chain between European integration (EI) and growth through investment. In addition, on examining whether there are any knowledge spillovers resulting from integration it is found that integrated countries do in fact experience more knowledge spillovers compared to nonintegrated countries. Employing both the neoclassical and endogenous growth approaches, it is found that trade variables are especially important for growth in Total Factor Productivity (TFP). The study is undertaken for a panel sample consisting of 20 OECD countries and covering three time periods between 1976 and 1990. Special emphasis is placed on specification and sensitivity analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]