Search

The genetic diversity of cryptosporidium in reptiles was analyzed using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis of a small subunit rRNA gene. In the study samples of snakes, lizards and tortoises were analyzed and results suggest extensive genetic diversity.

Researchers can use small-subunit rRNA-based PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism to analyze water samples for the presence of Cryptosporidium. This technique can differentiate between Cryptosporidium strains that affect humans and those that do not.

The gene sequence of the oocyst wall protein can be used to differentiate Cryptosporidium species. Substantial diversity of this gene was found in C. wrairi, C. felis, C. meleagridis, C. baileyi, C. andersoni, C. muris, C. serpentis, and C. parvum.

Researchers used a small-subunit rRNA-based PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism to identify 12 genotypes of Cryptosporidium in 29 water samples from a stream. This method can be used instead of an immunofluorescent assay.

Research has been conducted on the heat shock protein genes. The characterazation of these genes' nucleotide sequences has been carried out.

Research has been conducted on the Crystosporidium isolates' genetic and phylogenetic characterization. Results indicate that dog-derived Crystosporidium isolates have a distinct genotype.

Cryptosporidium parvum genotyping technique evaluation is discussed. Eight genotyping, two species-differentiating, and one species-differentiating and -genotyping protocols for detecting and differentiation the parasites have been compared. For analysis of environmental samples, more evaluations with other apicomplexan parasites and Cryptosporidium species may be needed.

Researchers discovered extensive genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium parvum isolated from humans, cows, pigs, dogs, mice, ferrets, marsupials, and monkeys. Each host species had a specific genotype, and these genotypes could be distinguished by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms.

Evidence from biological characteristics and host specificity studies show that species differentiation occurs in Cryptosporidium parasites. This observation was further supported by a phylogenetic analysis of the parasite genus Cryptosporidium wherein the small-subunit rRNA genes of Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium muris, Cryptosporidium baileyi and Cryptosporidium serpentis were characterized. The Cryptosporidium species produced two clades, with Cryptosporidium baileyi and Cryptosporidium parvum belonging to one clade and Cryptosporidium muris and Cryptosporidium serpentis belonging to the other.

A study detected Enterocytozoon bieneusi in 24 of 83 samples from birds of the orders Columbiformes, Passeriformes, and Psittaciformes. It is identical to or closely related to the Peru6 genotype, which was previously found in humans in Peru.

An attempt is made to determine if Cryptosporidium infections are present in wild mammals living in Chesapeake Bay watersheds and to determine the prevalence and species of cryptosporidium by molecular methods. The fur-bearing mammals in watersheds exerted host-adapted Cryptosporidium oocysts that are not known to be significant public health importance.

Thirteen different locations were checked in Ohio and Illinois for the free-living waterfowl Canada geese due to the existence and circulation of cryptosporidum spp. in the fecal droppings of the above geese. The outcome of this check, which was conducted, is that the Canada geese could only by chance transmit the cryptosporidia infection to human beings and thus do not play a significant part in the process of transmitting the pathogen from animals to humans.

Epibiotic filamentous bacteria living on the marine amphipod crustacean Urothoe poseidonis is identified in this study. These epibioants belong to the gamma proteobacteria.

Countries like the U.S., U.K., Sweden and Canada face the worst Giardia parasitic disease. A study is conducted to examine the development of Giardia duodenalis in raw wastewater samples from Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

The first ever genetic characterization of cryptosporidium molnari, which infects fish, is presented in this study. This is obtained after examination of histological, morphological, genetic and phylogenetic analyses of cryptosporidium molnari.

Research has been conducted on host-adapted Enterocytozoon spp. The authors report that fur-bearing mammals closely associated with water can be potential source of human-pathogenic E. bieneusi.

Phylogenetic analysis and 18S ribosomal DNA and heat-shock gene sequence comparison identifies a wide host range for Cryptosporidium exhibiting novel genotypes.