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Education is an ideological activity which responds to theoretical, political, cultural, socioeconomic and historical circumstances. Thus neither pedagogical practices nor educational theories are neutral as both are firmly based on paradigmatic conceptions of man and on their worldviews. There is then a need to analyze both of them and their intertwining relationships in the light of philosophy, politics and education in order to carefully consider what their aims actually are. These goals give sense and meaning to Institutional Educational Projects (PEI, by its acronym in Spanish), which generally respond to the requirements of the Ministry of Culture and Education. This paper studies the philosophical foundations underlying the PEIs of the first and second levels at a Basic General Education school in General Pico, La Pampa, and provides a cogent interpretation of the anthropological idea that lies beneath such projects in order to generate an open space for debate and inquiry at an institutional level and to foster new proposals to improve educational practices in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]