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Strain KC13 T , a novel desert-adapted, non-motile, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Karakum Desert, Turkmenistan and characterised by a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences revealed that strain KC13 T was a member of the genus Nocardioides, and formed a distinct cluster with Nocardioides luteus DSM 43366 T (99.3% sequence identity), Nocardioides albus DSM 43109 T (98.9%), Nocardioides panzhihuensis DSM 26487 T (98.3%) and Nocardioides albertanoniae DSM 25218 T (97.9%). The orthologous average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values were in the range of 85.8-91.0% and 30.2-35.9%, respectively, with the type strains of closely related species. The genome size of strain KC13 T was 5.3 Mb with a DNA G + C content of 69.7%. Comprehensive genome analyses showed that strain KC13 T , unlike its close relatives, had many genes associated with environmental adaptation. Strain KC13 T was found to have chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics of members of the genus Nocardioides and some differences from phylogenetic neighbours. Based on the chemotaxonomic, genomic, phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain KC13 T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides turkmenicus sp. nov. is proposed, and the type strain is KC13 T (= JCM 33525 T  = CGMCC 4.7619 T )., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

During a study to isolate such actinobacteria with unique metabolic potential, a novel actinobacterium, designated KC333 T , was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Karakum Desert, Turkmenistan. The taxonomic position of the strain was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the strain was most closely related to Nonomuraea terrae CH32 T (99.0% sequence similarity), Nonomuraea maritima FXJ7.203  T (98.9%), Nonomuraea candida HMC10 T (98.7%) and Nonomuraea gerenzanensis ATCC 39727  T (98.6%), and is therefore considered to represent a member of the genus Nonomuraea. However, the average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization based on whole-genome sequences between strain KC333 T and close relatives demonstrated that it represents a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea. The major cellular fatty acids of strain KC333 T were iso-C 16: 0 , C 17:0 10-methyl and iso-C 16: 0 2OH. Strain KC333 T contained meso-diaminopimelic, mannose, madurose and ribose in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H 4 ) and MK-9(H 6 ). The genome size of strain KC333 T is approximately 9.86 Mb, and the genomic DNA G + C content of the strain is 71.3%. In addition to the polyphasic characterisation, comprehensive genome analysis for gene clusters encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes and bioactive secondary metabolites as well as CRISPR-associated sequences revealed the high biotechnological potential of the strain. Based on evidence collected from the genotypic, phenotypic, and phylogenetic analyses, a novel species, Nonomuraea aridisoli sp. nov. is proposed with KC333 T (= DSM 107062  T  = JCM 32584  T  = KCTC 49111  T ) as the type strain., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

A novel, Gram-positive, spore-forming actinomycete, designated strain 7K107 T , was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Karakum Desert, Turkmenistan. Strain 7K107 T forms extensively branched substrate mycelia and aerial mycelia which differentiate into short chains of spores. The novel strain contains meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic wall amino acid and glucose, galactose, madurose and ribose as whole cell sugars. The predominant menaquinones were identified as MK-10(H 4 ), MK-9(H 4 ), MK-10(H 6 ) and MK-9(H 6 ). The polar lipids were found to be diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, glycolipids, phospholipids, unidentified lipids and an aminolipid. Major fatty acids were identified as C 17:0 10-methyl and C 14:0 . The G + C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 70.8%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain is a member of the family Streptosporangiaceae. The strain shares high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (96.2%) with Sphaerisporangium album YIM 48782 T followed by Sphaerisporangium corydalis NEAU-YHS15 T (96.0%) and Nonomuraea candida HMC10 T (95.9%). However, phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and gyrB genes, as well as whole genome comparison, confirmed the distinctiveness of the strain from closely related type strains of the genera Sphaerisporangium, Nonomuraea and Thermostaphylospora. On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic as well as genomic analyses, strain 7K107 T is concluded to represent a new genus within the family Streptosporangiaceae, for which the name Desertiactinospora gelatinilytica gen. nov., sp. nov is proposed. The type strain of D. gelatinilytica is 7K107 T (= DSM 107423 T  = JCM 32585 T  = KCTC 49108 T ).

Strain H2R21 T , a novel actinobacterium, isolated from a forest soil sample collected from Heybeliada, Istanbul, Turkey, and a polyphasic approach was used for characterisation of the strain. Chemotaxonomic and morphological characterisation of strain H2R21 T indicated that it belongs to the genus Nonomuraea. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity showed that the strain is closely related to Nonomuraea purpurea 1SM4-01 T (99.1%) and Nonomuraea solani CGMCC 4.7037 T (98.4%). DNA-DNA relatedness values were found to be lower than 70% between the isolate and its phylogenetic neighbours N. purpurea 1SM4-01 T , N. solani CGMCC 4.7037 T and Nonomuraea rhizophila YIM 67092 T . The whole cell hydrolysates of strain H2R21 T were found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and glucose, madurose, mannose and ribose as the cell sugars. The polar lipids were identified as phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine, dihydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, glycophosphatidylinositol, two glycophospholipids and two unidentified lipids. The predominant menaquinones were identified as MK-9(H 4 ) and MK-9(H 6 ). The major fatty acids were found to be iso-C 16:0 , iso-C 16:0 2OH and C 17:0 10-methyl. On the basis of DNA-DNA relatedness data and some phenotypic characteristics, it is evident that strain H2R21 T can be distinguished from the closely related species in the genus Nonomuraea. Thus, it is concluded that strain H2R21 T represents a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea insulae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H2R21 T (= DSM 102915 T = CGMCC 4.7338 T = KCTC 39769 T ).

A novel actinobacterial strain, designated FMN22 T , was isolated from soil and characterised using a polyphasic approach. Strain FMN22 T showed high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Kribbella karoonensis Q41 T (99.3%), Kribbella shirazensis UTMC 693 T (99.0%), Kribbella aluminosa HKI 0478 T (98.9%) and Kribbella hippodromi S1.4 T (98.6%). Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA and concatenated gene (gyrB, rpoB, relA, recA and atpD) sequences showed that strain FMN22 T is closely related to the type strains of K. karoonensis DSM 17344 T , K. shirazensis UTMC 693 T , K. aluminosa HKI 0478 T , K. hippodromi S1.4 T , Kribbella jejuensis HD9 T and Kribbella solani DSA1 T . Based on concatenated gene genetic distances analysis, strain FMN22 T is distinct from all Kribbella type strains. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments with closely related type strains, were found to be 59.2 ± 2.4, 54.8 ± 2.1, 16.4 ± 2.3 and 38.6 ± 2.5%, relatedness to K. karoonensis DSM 17344 T , K. shirazensis DSM 45490 T , K. aluminosa DSM 18824 T and K. jejuensis DSM 17305 T , respectively. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained LL-diaminopimelic acid, and whole cell sugars were glucose, mannose and ribose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H 4 ). The major phospholipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol. Major fatty acids are anteiso-C 15:0 and iso-C 16:0 . These chemotaxonomic traits are in good agreement with those known for representatives of the genus Kribbella. A combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and phenotypic properties demonstrated that strain FMN22 T can be clearly distinguished from all close phylogenetic relatives. Therefore, strain FMN22 T (=DSM 27132 T  = KCTC 29219 T ) is considered to be the type strain of a novel species of the genus Kribbella, for which the name Kribbella soli is proposed.

A Micromonospora strain, designated DS3186(T), isolated from sediment collected from the Black Sea off the Yason Peninsula, Ordu, Turkey, was examinated using a polyphasic approach. The strain was found to have chemotaxonomic, morphological and phylogenetic properties consistent with its clasification in the genus Micromonospora. A comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain was closely related to the type strains of Micromonospora olivasterospora (99.0 %), Micromonospora equina (98.8 %), Micromonospora rhizosphaerae (98.8 %) and Micromonospora viridifaciens (98.8 %); low levels of DNA-DNA relatednes were found between the isolate and the M. olivasterospora and M. rhizosphaerae strains. Corresponding phylogenetic analysis based on partial gyrB gene sequences showed that strain DS3186(T) formed a subclade with the type strains of Micromonospora eburnea, M. equina, Micromonospora narathiwatensis and M. viridifaciens. Strain DS3186(T) was distinguished from its close phylogenetic neighbours using a combination of chemotaxonomic, morphological and physiological properties. Consequently, it is proposed that strain DS3186(T) represents a novel Micromonospora species for which the name Micromonospora yasonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DS3186(T) (=DSM 45980(T) = KCTC 29433(T)).

The taxonomic positions of two Gram-negative strains, SV1470(T) and SV2184P(T), isolated from arid soil samples, were determined using a polyphasic approach. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and the concatenated sequences of three housekeeping gene loci (dnaK, rpoB and gyrB) confirmed that the strains belong to the genus Microvirga. Strain SV1470(T) was found to be closely related to Microvirga vignae BR3299(T) (98.8 %), Microvirga flocculans TFB(T) (98.3 %) and Microvirga lupini Lut6(T) (98.2 %), whilst similarity to other type strains of the genus ranged from 97.8 to 96.3 %; strain SV2184P(T) was found to be closely related to Microvirga aerilata 5420S-16(T) (98.0 %), Microvirga zambiensis WSM3693(T) (97.8 %) and M. flocculans ATCC BAA-817(T) (97.4 %), whilst similarity to other type strains of the genus ranged from 97.2 to 95.9 %. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 61.5 mol % for strain SV1470(T) and 62.1 mol % for strain SV2184P(T). Both strains were found to have the same quinone system, with Q-10 as the major ubiquinone. The polar lipid profile of strain SV1470(T) was found to consist of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified phospholipid and one unidentified aminolipid, while that of strain SV2184P(T) consisted of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid, one unidentified aminophospholipid and two unidentified phospholipids. DNA-DNA relatedness studies showed that the two strains belong to different genomic species. The strains were also distinguished using a combination of phenotypic properties. Based on the genotypic and phenotypic data, the novel species Microvirga makkahensis sp. nov. (type strain SV1470(T) = DSM 25394(T) = KCTC 23863(T) = NRRL-B 24875(T)) and Microvirga arabica sp. nov. (type strain SV2184P(T) = DSM 25393(T) = KCTC 23864(T) = NRRL-B 24874(T)) are proposed.

A novel Gram-stain positive, rod-shaped, non-motile and mycolic acid containing strain, FMN18(T), isolated from soil, was characterised using a polyphasic approach. The organism showed a combination of morphological, biochemical, physiological and chemotaxonomic properties that were consistent with its classification in the genus Nocardia and it formed a phyletic line in the Nocardia 16S rRNA gene tree. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid (type IV) and whole cell sugars were galactose, glucose, arabinose and ribose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H4ω-cyclo). The major phospholipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. Major fatty acids are C16:0, 10-methyl C18:0 (TBSA), C18:1 cis9 and C16:1 trans9. These chemotaxonomic traits are in good agreement with those known for representatives of the genus Nocardia. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain FMN18(T) showed it to be closely related to Nocardia grenadensis GW5-5797(T) (99.2 %), Nocardia speluncae N2-11(T) (99.1 %), Nocardia jinanensis 04-5195(T) (99.0 %) and Nocardia rhamnosiphila 202GMO(T) (98.3 %). The phylogenetic analysis based on the gyrB gene sequence of strain FMN18(T) showed it to be closely related to N. rhamnosiphila 202GMO(T) (99.0 %), N. grenadensis DSM 45869(T) (96.6 %), N. jinanensis DSM 45048(T) (93.1 %), N. carnea IFM 0237(T) (89.7 %) and N. speluncae DSM 45078(T) (89.1 %). A combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and phenotypic properties demonstrated that strain FMN18(T) was clearly distinguished from all closely related Nocardia species. It is proposed that the organism be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Nocardia, for which the name Nocardia zapadnayensis (type strain FMN18(T) = DSM 45872(T) = KCTC 29234(T)) is proposed.

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain BN506(T), was isolated from soil collected from Tuz (Salt) Lake, Konya, Turkey, and was characterised to determine its taxonomic position. The isolate was found to have morphological and chemotaxonomic properties associated with members of the genus Streptomonospora. The isolate was found to grow optimally at 37 °C and in the presence of 10 % (w/v) NaCl but not in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on an almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that isolate is closely related to members of the genus Streptomonospora and forms a distinct phyletic line in the Streptomonospora phylogenetic tree. Strain BN506(T) is closely related to Streptomonospora halophila YIM 91355(T) (98.1 % sequence similarity). Sequence similarities with other type strains of the genus Streptomyces were lower than 98.0 %. The cell wall of the novel strain was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid. Whole cell hydrolysates were found to contain galactose, glucose and ribose. The predominant menaquinone was identified as MK-10(H8) (57.0 %). The polar lipids detected were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. The major fatty acids were found to be anteiso-C17:0, iso-C16:0 and 10 methyl C18:0. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, DNA-DNA relatedness, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data, strain BN506(T) was identified as a member of a novel species of the genus Streptomonospora, for which the name Streptomonospora tuzyakensis sp. nov. (type strain BN506(T) = DSM 45930(T) = KCTC 29210(T)) is proposed.

A Gram-stain positive actinobacterial strain, designated KT1403(T), was isolated from a soil sample, collected from Karpaz, Magusa, Northern Cyprus, and characterised using a polyphasic approach. Morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomic data indicated that the strain belongs to the genus Phytomonospora. The cell wall of the novel strain contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and galactose, glucose and mannose as the major sugars in whole cell hydrolysates. The polar lipids in the cell membrane were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, an unidentified aminophospholipid and three unidentified glycolipids. The predominant menaquinones were MK-10(H6) and MK-10(H4). The major fatty acids were found to be iso C15:0 , anteiso C15:0 and anteiso C17:0. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain KT1403(T) belongs to the genus Phytomonospora with a sequence similarity of 99.73 % with Phytomonospora endophytica, the type species of the genus. DNA-DNA hybridization further differentiated strain KT1403(T) from its near phylogenetic neighbour, P. endophytica DSM 45386(T) (29.0 ± 2.2 % DNA relatedness). Therefore, it is proposed that strain KT1403(T) represents a novel species of the genus Phytomonospora, for which the name Phytomonospora cypria sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KT1403(T) (=KCTC 29479(T) = DSM 46767(T)).

A novel actinobacterium, strain N9999(T), was isolated from soil and its taxonomic position determined using a polyphasic approach. The organism formed abundant aerial hyphae that differentiated into spherical spore vesicles. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid; the whole-cell sugars were galactose, glucose, mannose, madurose and ribose; the predominant menaquinones MK-9 (H(2)) and MK-9 (H(4)); the major phospholipids phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, a phosphaglycolipid and phosphatidylinositol mannosides; while the cellular fatty acids were rich in iso-C(14:0), C(15:0), cis-9-C(17:1), iso-C(16:0) and 10-methyl C(17:0) components. Phylogenetic analyses based on an almost complete 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain N9999(T) was closely related to a group that consisted of Streptosporangium pseudovulgare DSM 43181(T) and Streptosporangium nondiastaticum DSM 43848(T). However, DNA-DNA relatedness and phenotypic data demonstrated that strain N9999(T) was clearly distinguished from all closely related Streptosporangium species. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data demonstrate conclusively that the isolate should be classified as a new species of Streptosporangium.