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2 results on '"Benedicta N. Nkeh-Chungag"'

1. In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale in Nω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME)-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Author

Olukayode O. Aremu, Adebola O. Oyedeji, Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji, Benedicta N. Nkeh-Chungag, and Constance R. Sewani Rusike

Subjects
oxidative stress, acute toxicity, antioxidants, L-NAME, DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Oxidative stress has gained attention as one of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the development of hypertension. The present study investigated in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects of 70% ethanol-water (v/v) leaf and root extracts of T. officinale (TOL and TOR, respectively). Total phenolic and flavonoid content of plant extracts were assessed using Folin Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods; while, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrlhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) protocols were used to determine the free radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacities (TAC), respectively. The in vivo total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde acid (MDA) levels for lipid peroxidation tests were performed on organ homogenate samples from Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats treated with leaf extract, TOL (500 mg/kg/day) and TOR (500 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Results showed that compared to TOR, TOL possessed significantly higher (p < 0.01) polyphenol (4.35 ± 0.15 compared to 1.14 ± 0.01) and flavonoid (23.17 ± 0.14 compared to 3 ± 0.05) content; free radical scavenging activity (EC50 0.37 compared to 1.34 mg/mL) and total antioxidant capacities (82.56% compared to 61.54% ABTS, and 156 ± 5.28 compared to 40 ± 0.31 FRAP) and both extracts showed no toxicity (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg). TOL and TOR significantly (p < 0.01) elevated TAC and reduced MDA levels in targets organs. In conclusion, T. officinale leaf extract possesses significant anti-oxidant effects which conferred significant in vivo antioxidant protection against free radical-mediated oxidative stress in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats.

Published
2019
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2. In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale in Nω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME)-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Author

Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji, Benedicta N. Nkeh-Chungag, Olukayode O. Aremu, Constance R. Sewani Rusike, and Adebola O. Oyedeji

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Antioxidant, Physiology, DPPH, medicine.medical_treatment, Clinical Biochemistry, Flavonoid, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pharmacology, acute toxicity, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Article, Lipid peroxidation, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, L-NAME, In vivo, medicine, oxidative stress, ABTS, Molecular Biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, fungi, lcsh:RM1-950, food and beverages, Cell Biology, Malondialdehyde, 030104 developmental biology, antioxidants, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, chemistry, FRAP, Oxidative stress
Abstract

Oxidative stress has gained attention as one of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the development of hypertension. The present study investigated in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects of 70% ethanol-water (v/v) leaf and root extracts of T. officinale (TOL and TOR, respectively). Total phenolic and flavonoid content of plant extracts were assessed using Folin Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods, while, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrlhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) protocols were used to determine the free radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacities (TAC), respectively. The in vivo total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde acid (MDA) levels for lipid peroxidation tests were performed on organ homogenate samples from N&omega, nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats treated with leaf extract, TOL (500 mg/kg/day) and TOR (500 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Results showed that compared to TOR, TOL possessed significantly higher (p &lt, 0.01) polyphenol (4.35 &plusmn, 0.15 compared to 1.14 &plusmn, 0.01) and flavonoid (23.17 &plusmn, 0.14 compared to 3 &plusmn, 0.05) content, free radical scavenging activity (EC50 0.37 compared to 1.34 mg/mL) and total antioxidant capacities (82.56% compared to 61.54% ABTS, and 156 &plusmn, 5.28 compared to 40 &plusmn, 0.31 FRAP) and both extracts showed no toxicity (LD50 &gt, 5000 mg/kg). TOL and TOR significantly (p &lt, 0.01) elevated TAC and reduced MDA levels in targets organs. In conclusion, T. officinale leaf extract possesses significant anti-oxidant effects which conferred significant in vivo antioxidant protection against free radical-mediated oxidative stress in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats.

Published
2019

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