9 results
Search Results
2. Dynamic aspects of musical imagery.
- Author
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Halpern, Andrea R.
- Subjects
MENTAL imagery ,MUSICAL ability ,AUDITORY perception ,MUSICAL pitch ,MUSICAL instruments ,MUSIC & emotions ,MEMORY ,BRAIN imaging - Abstract
Auditory imagery can represent many aspects of music, such as the starting pitches of a tune or the instrument that typically plays it. In this paper, I concentrate on more dynamic, or time-sensitive aspects of musical imagery, as demonstrated in two recently published studies. The first was a behavioral study that examined the ability to make emotional judgments about both heard and imagined music in real time. The second was a neuroimaging study on the neural correlates of anticipating an upcoming tune, after hearing a cue tune. That study found activation of several sequence-learning brain areas, some of which varied with the vividness of the anticipated musical memory. Both studies speak to the ways in which musical imagery allows us to judge temporally changing aspects of the represented musical experience. These judgments can be quite precise, despite the complexity of generating the rich internal representations of imagery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Musical anhedonia and rewards of music listening: current advances and a proposed model.
- Author
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Belfi, Amy M. and Loui, Psyche
- Subjects
ANHEDONIA ,AUDITORY perception ,BRAIN stimulation ,MUSICAL perception ,LISTENING ,EMOTIONAL conditioning ,OPEN-ended questions - Abstract
Music frequently elicits intense emotional responses, a phenomenon that has been scrutinized from multiple disciplines that span the sciences and arts. While most people enjoy music and find it rewarding, there is substantial individual variability in the experience and degree of music‐induced reward. Here, we review current work on the neural substrates of hedonic responses to music. In particular, we focus the present review on specific musical anhedonia, a selective lack of pleasure from music. Based on evidence from neuroimaging, neuropsychology, and brain stimulation studies, we derive a neuroanatomical model of the experience of pleasure during music listening. Our model posits that hedonic responses to music are the result of connectivity between structures involved in auditory perception as a predictive process, and those involved in the brain's dopaminergic reward system. We conclude with open questions and implications of this model for future research on why humans appreciate music. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Efficacy of musical interventions in dementia: methodological requirements of nonpharmacological trials.
- Author
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Samson, Séverine, Clément, Sylvain, Narme, Pauline, Schiaratura, Loris, and Ehrlé, Nathalie
- Subjects
DEMENTIA ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,ALZHEIMER'S patients ,RESIDENTIAL care ,CAREGIVERS ,PHARMACOLOGY - Abstract
The management of patients with Alzheimer's disease is a significant public health problem given the limited effectiveness of pharmacological therapies combined with iatrogenic effects of drug treatments in dementia. Consequently, the development of nondrug care, such as musical interventions, has become a necessity. The experimental rigor of studies in this area, however, is often lacking. It is therefore difficult to determine the impact of musical interventions on patients with dementia. As part of a series of studies, we carried out randomized controlled trials to compare the effectiveness of musical activities to other pleasant activities on various functions in patients with severe Alzheimer's disease. The data obtained in these trials are discussed in light of the methodological constraints and requirements specific to these clinical studies. Although the results demonstrate the power of music on the emotional and behavioral status of patients, they also suggest that other pleasant activities (e.g., cooking) are also effective, leaving open the question about the specific benefits of music in patients with dementia. All these findings highlight the promising potential for nonpharmacological treatments to improve the well-being of patients living in residential care and to reduce caregiver burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The Influence of Social Situations on Music Listening.
- Author
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Sutherland, Mary Elizabeth, Grewe, Oliver, Egermann, Hauke, Nagel, Frederik, Kopiez, Reinhard, and Altenmüller, Eckart
- Subjects
MUSIC ,EMOTIONS ,SOCIAL influence ,SOCIAL psychology ,LISTENING - Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether listening to music in a group setting influenced the emotion felt by the listeners. We hypothesized that individuals hearing music in a group would experience more intense emotions than the same individuals hearing the same music on their own. The emotional reactions to 10 musical excerpts (previously shown to contain chill-inducing psychoacoustic parameters) were measured in a within-subjects design. We found, contrary to our hypothesis, that the participants (all musicians) did not experience more chills when listening to music in a group than when listening alone. These findings may be explained by a lesser degree of concentration on the music in the group condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Emotional Power of Music in Patients with Memory Disorders.
- Author
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Samson, Séverine, Dellacherie, Delphine, and Platel, Hervé
- Subjects
MUSIC ,MEMORY disorders ,COGNITION disorders ,COCHLEAR implants ,SINGING ,PATIENTS - Abstract
By adapting methods of cognitive psychology to neuropsychology, we examined memory and familiarity abilities in music in relation to emotion. First we present data illustrating how the emotional content of stimuli influences memory for music. Second, we discuss recent findings obtained in patients with two different brain disorders (medically intractable epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease) that show relatively spared memory performance for music, despite severe verbal memory disorders. Studies on musical memory and its relation to emotion open up paths for new strategies in cognitive rehabilitation and reinstate the importance of examining interactions between cognitive and clinical neurosciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. “With Concord of Sweet Sounds...”.
- Author
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Heaton, Pamela and Allen, Rory
- Subjects
MUSIC ,EMOTIONS ,AUTISM ,WILLIAMS syndrome ,AORTIC valve stenosis in children - Abstract
Questions about music's evolution and functions have long excited interest among scholars. More recent theoretical accounts have stressed the importance of music's social origins and functions. Autism and Williams syndrome, neurodevelopmental disorders supposedly characterized by contrasting social and musical phenotypes, have been invoked as evidence for these. However, empirical data on social skills and deficits in autism and Williams syndrome do not support the notion of contrasting social phenotypes: research findings suggest that the social deficits characteristic of both disorders may increase rather than reduce the importance of music. Current data do not allow for a direct comparison of musical phenotypes in autism and Williams syndrome, although it is noted that deficits in music cognition have been observed in Williams syndrome, but not in autism. In considering broader questions about musical understanding in neurodevelopmental disorders, we conclude that intellectual impairment is likely to result in qualitative differences between handicapped and typical listeners, but this does not appear to limit the extent to which individuals can derive benefits from the experience of listening to music. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Musical Experience Promotes Subcortical Efficiency in Processing Emotional Vocal Sounds.
- Author
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Strait, Dana L., Kraus, Nina, Skoe, Erika, and Ashley, Richard
- Subjects
MUSICIANS ,MUSIC ,BRAIN stem ,EMOTIONS ,AUDITORY cortex - Abstract
To understand how musical experience influences subcortical processing of emotionally salient sounds, we recorded brain stem potentials to affective vocal sounds. Our results suggest that auditory expertise engenders subcortical auditory processing efficiency that is intricately connected with acoustic features important for the communication of emotion. This establishes a subcortical role in the auditory processing of emotional cues, providing the first biological evidence for musicians’ enhanced perception of vocally expressed emotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Current Advances in the Cognitive Neuroscience of Music.
- Author
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Levitin, Daniel J. and Tirovolas, Anna K.
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGICAL research ,NEUROANATOMY ,COGNITIVE science ,COGNITION ,NEUROSCIENCES ,SOCIAL psychology ,MUSIC & technology ,MUSIC education ,MUSIC & language - Abstract
The study of music perception and cognition is one of the oldest topics in experimental psychology. The last 20 years have seen an increased interest in understanding the functional neuroanatomy of music processing in humans, using a variety of technologies including fMRI, PET, ERP, MEG, and lesion studies. We review current findings in the context of a rich intellectual history of research, organized by the cognitive systems underlying different aspects of human musical behavior. We pay special attention to the perception of components of musical processing, musical structure, laterality effects, cultural issues, links between music and movement, emotional processing, expertise, and the amusias. Current trends are noted, such as the increased interest in evolutionary origins of music and comparisons of music and language. The review serves to demonstrate the important role that music can play in informing broad theories of higher order cognitive processes such as music in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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