1. Effects of diet and sodium intake on blood pressure: subgroup analysis of the DASH-sodium trial.
- Author
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Vollmer WM, Sacks FM, Ard J, Appel LJ, Bray GA, Simons-Morton DG, Conlin PR, Svetkey LP, Erlinger TP, Moore TJ, Karanja N, DASH-Sodium Trial Collaborative Research Group, Vollmer, W M, Sacks, F M, Ard, J, Appel, L J, Bray, G A, Simons-Morton, D G, Conlin, P R, and Svetkey, L P
- Abstract
Background: Initial findings from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Sodium Trial demonstrated that reduction of sodium intake in two different diets decreased blood pressure in participants with and without hypertension.Objective: To determine effects on blood pressure of reduced sodium intake and the DASH diet in additional subgroups.Design: Randomized feeding study.Setting: Four clinical centers and a coordinating center.Participants: 412 adults with untreated systolic blood pressure of 120 to 160 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure of 80 to 95 mm Hg.Intervention: Participants followed the DASH diet or a control (typical U.S.) diet for three consecutive 30-day feeding periods, during which sodium intake (50, 100, and 150 mmol/d at 2100 kcal) varied according to a randomly assigned sequence. Body weight was maintained.Measurements: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Results: In all subgroups, the DASH diet and reduced sodium intake were each associated with significant decreases in blood pressure; these two factors combined produced the greatest reductions. Among nonhypertensive participants who received the control diet, lower (vs. higher) sodium intake decreased blood pressure by 7.0/3.8 mm Hg in those older than 45 years of age (P < 0.001) and by 3.7/1.5 mm Hg in those 45 years of age or younger (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The DASH diet plus reduced sodium intake is recommended to control blood pressure in diverse subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2001
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