1. Betaine and Antioxidants Improve Growth Performance, Breast Muscle Development and Ameliorate Thermoregulatory Responses to Cyclic Heat Exposure in Broiler Chickens
- Author
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Mitchell T Ringuet, Frank R. Dunshea, Jeremy J Cottrell, Majid Shakeri, S. J. Wilkinson, and John B. Furness
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,growth ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,broiler ,Feed conversion ratio ,Article ,Jejunum ,heat stress ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Betaine ,Animal science ,lcsh:Zoology ,medicine ,betaine ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,Vitamin E ,Environmental stressor ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Broiler ,hemic and immune systems ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Ascorbic acid ,040201 dairy & animal science ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Respiration rate - Abstract
Heat stress (HS) is an environmental stressor challenging poultry production and requires a strategy to cope with it. A total of 288-day-old male broiler chicks were fed with one of the following diets: basal diet, basal with betaine (BET), or with selenium and vitamin E (AOX), or with a combination of BET and AOX, under thermoneutral and cyclic HS. Results showed that HS reduced average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p = 0.01) and average daily gain (ADG) (p <, 0.001), and impaired feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p = 0.03) during rearing period (0&ndash, 42 day). BET increased ADG (p = 0.001) and decreased FCR (p = 0.02), whereas AOX had no effects. Breast muscle weight was decreased by HS (p <, 0.001) and increased by BET (p <, 0.001). Rectal temperature was increased by HS (p <, 0.001) and improved by BET overall. Respiration rate was increased by HS (p <, 0.001), but BET decreased it during HS (p = 0.04). Jejunum transepithelial resistance was reduced by HS and had no effect on permeability whereas BET increased jejunum permeability (p = 0.013). Overall, the reductions in ADG of broiler chickens during HS were ameliorated by supplementation with BET, with much of the increase in ADG being breast muscle.
- Published
- 2018
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