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We studied the effects of the inclusion of recycled co-products from the food industry (yogurt, milk, cheese and baby foods) in diets for pigs weaned at 25 days of age. From day 1–21 of the experiment (Phase I), 8 treatments were organized as a 2 × 4 factorial with 2 levels of lactose (70 and 100 g/kg) and 4 diets differing in the food co-products used. The control diet was based on cooked wheat, fish meal, and dried whey, without any food co-product. Diets D2 and D3 included 150 g/kg lactal (yogurt and milk sprayed onto a cereal carrier) or 150 g/kg lactal-cheese (yogurt, milk and cheese sprayed onto the same carrier) in substitution of dried whey and fish meal of the control. Diet D4 was similar to D3 but in addition to 150 g lactal-cheese, included 200 g/kg of recycled baby foods (composed primarily of hydrolysed and processed cereals) in substitution of cooked wheat. From day 22–35 (phase II) all pigs received a common cereal-soybean meal diet. In phase I, an increase in the lactose content in the diet increased average daily feed intake (ADFI; P

The effects of including soy protein concentrate (SPC) and soybean meal (SBM) of different origins in the diet on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of weanling pigs were studied in 2 experiments. In both experiments, pigs received in phase I (21–49 d of age) one of five diets that differed in the soy protein source used. Two diets were based on SPC from USA or Brazil (BRA) origin and the other three diets were based on SBM from USA, BRA or Argentina (ARG) origin. In phase II (49 to 57 d of age), all pigs received a common maize-SBM diet. Pre-planned orthogonal comparisons (SPC vs. SBM; USA vs. BRA SPC; and USA vs. BRA vs. ARG SBM) were conducted to detect differences among soy treatments. In experiment 1, growth performance was similar for piglets fed diets containing SPC than for piglets fed diets containing SBM. In phase I (P = 0.067) and cumulatively (P = 0.082), post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) was lower in pigs fed SPC than in pigs fed SBM. The inclusion of USA meal in the diet improved ADG (P

The influence of feed form and energy content of the rearing phase diets on hen productivity,gastrointestinal tract (GIT) traits and body measurements was studied in brown-egg layinghens fed diets differing in energy concentration from 17 to 46 wk of age. The experimentwas completely randomized with 12 treatments arranged as a (2 × 3) × 2 factorial with twofeed forms (mash vs. crumbles) and three AMEnconcentrations of the rearing phase diets(low, medium and high) and two AMEnconcentrations (11.10 vs. 11.52 MJ/kg) of the layingphase diets. The AMEnof the rearing phase diets differed in 0.42 MJ/kg in all three periods(1?5 wk, 5?10 wk and 10?17 wk of age). Hen productivity was determined from 17 to 46wk and GIT and body traits were measured at 46 wk of age. The characteristics of the rearingphase diets did not affect any of the production, GIT traits or body measurements studiedduring the laying phase, except body weight gain (BWG) from 17 to 46 wk of age that washigher (P < 0.01) in hens that were fed mash during the rearing phase than in hens thatwere fed crumbles. An increase in the energy content of the laying phase diet from 11.10to 11.52 MJ AMEn/kg reduced feed intake (P < 0.001) and improved feed conversion ratio(P < 0.001) from 17 to 46 wk and reduced gizzard contents (P < 0.01) at 46 wk of age butdid not affect any of the other production trait studied. The characteristics of the rearingand laying hen diets did not affect any of the GIT traits or body measurements at 46 wk ofage. Body weight of the hens was positively (P < 0.001) related with body length, body massindex, tarsus length and tarsus diameter at this age. The data indicate that neither feed formnor energy concentration of the rearing phase diets affected subsequent hen performance.An increase in the AMEncontent of the layer diet from 11.10 to 11.52 MJ/kg decreased feedintake and improved feed conversion ratio but did not affect hen production or egg quality.