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The autophagic ubiquitin‐like protein LC3 functions through interactions with LC3‐interaction regions (LIRs) of other autophagy proteins, including autophagy receptors, which stands out as a promising protein–protein interaction (PPI) target for the intervention of autophagy. Post‐translational modifications like acetylation of Lys49 on the LIR‐interacting surface could disrupt the interaction, offering an opportunity to design covalent small molecules interfering with the interface. Through screening covalent compounds, we discovered a small molecule modulator of LC3A/B that covalently modifies LC3A/B protein at Lys49. Activity‐based protein profiling (ABPP) based evaluations reveal that a derivative molecule DC‐LC3in‐D5 exhibits a potent covalent reactivity and selectivity to LC3A/B in HeLa cells. DC‐LC3in‐D5 compromises LC3B lipidation in vitro and in HeLa cells, leading to deficiency in the formation of autophagic structures and autophagic substrate degradation. DC‐LC3in‐D5 could serve as a powerful tool for autophagy research as well as for therapeutic interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monitoring multiple molecular probes simultaneously establishes their correlations and reveals the holistic mechanism. Current fluorescence imaging, however, is limited to about four colors because of typically circa 100‐nm spectral width. Herein, we show that molecular supracence imparts superior spectral resolution, resolving eight colors in 300‐nm width, about 37.5‐nm per color. A recently discovered light‐molecule interacting phenomenon, supracence only measures molecular emission above its excitation energy due to entanglement between atomic quantum system and electronic quantum system. As such, supracence takes advantage of sharp spectral edge of a single pathway and excitation specificity to produce narrow bands, whereas fluorescence has to deal with multiple pathways spilling out low‐energy long tail, that causes poor resolution. Thus, supracence enables myriad innovative molecular spectroscopy and microscopic imaging with profound impact broadly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The currently understood principles about light–molecule interactions are limited, and thus scientific scope beyond current theories is rarely harvested. Herein we demonstrate supracence phenomena, in which the emitted photons have more energy than the absorbed photons. The extra energy comes from couplings of the absorbed and emitted photon to molecular phonons, whose potentials are constantly exchanging with molecular quantum energy and the environment. Thus, supracence is a linear optical process rather than a nonlinear optical process, such as second harmonic generation. Because supracence results in cooled molecular phonons and thus cooled molecules, behavior opposite to that of hot fluorescing emitters is expected. This report reveals certain supracence principles while contrasting fluorescence with supracence in high‐resolution imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Inflammation is involved in many human pathologies, including osteoarthritis (OA). Hydrogen (H2) is known to have anti‐inflammatory effects; however, the bioavailability of directly administered H2 gas is typically poor. Herein, a local delivery system that can provide a high therapeutic concentration of gaseous H2 at inflamed tissues is proposed. The delivery system comprises poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) microparticles that contain magnesium powder (Mg@PLGA MPs). Mg@PLGA MPs that are intra‐muscularly injected close to the OA knee in a mouse model can act as an in situ depot that can evolve gaseous H2 continuously, mediated by the cycle of passivation/activation of Mg in body fluids, at a concentration that exceeds its therapeutic threshold. The analytical data that are obtained in the biochemical and histological studies indicate that the proposed Mg@PLGA MPs can effectively mitigate tissue inflammation and prevent cartilage from destruction, arresting the progression of OA changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leroux et al. haben Experimente aus unserer Studie wiederholt und berichten, dass sie das thermoresponsive liposomale System mit Ammoniumbicarbonat (ABC), für das wir Wirkstofffreisetzung unter mildem Erwärmen demonstrierten, nicht reproduzieren konnten. Wir widersprechen ihrer Beurteilung und spekulieren, dass die andersartige Methode, die Leroux et al. für die Herstellung des wässrigen ABC verwendeten, zu dem negativen Ergebnis führte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of the high-silica zeolite SSZ-61 using a particularly bulky polycyclic structure-directing agent and the subsequent elucidation of its unusual framework structure with extra-large dumbbell-shaped pore openings are described. By using information derived from a variety of X-ray powder diffraction and electron microscopy techniques, the complex framework structure, with 20 Si atoms in the asymmetric unit, could be determined and the full structure refined. The Si atoms at the waist of the dumbbell are only three-connected and are bonded to terminal O atoms pointing into the channel. Unlike the six previously reported extra-large-pore zeolites, SSZ-61 contains no heteroatoms in the framework and can be calcined easily. This, coupled with the possibility of inserting a catalytically active center in the channel between the terminal O atoms in place of H+, afford SSZ-61 intriguing potential for catalytic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]