1. Apnea after Awake Regional and General Anesthesia in Infants
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Jose T D G Van Gool, David M. Polaner, Robyn Stargatt, Girolamo Mattioli, Niall C. T. Wilton, Greg Hammer, J. H M Hagenaars, Marie Backstrom, Davinia E. Withington, John B. Carlin, Navil F. Sethna, Martin Meuller, Val Gebski, Neil McIntosh, Iskra Ivanova, Philip Ragg, Penelope L Hartmann, Cor J. Kalkman, Sulpicio G. Soriano, Stephen R. Hays, Jonathan De Lima, Geoff Frawley, Gaia Giribaldi, Valter Sonzogni, Alessio Pini Prato, Pollyanna Hardy, Britta S von Ungern Sternberg, Sarah J Arnup, Annette J.M. Davis, Anthony Absalom, Ayman I. Eissa, Charles B. Berde, Nicola Disma, Vanessa Young, Giovanni Montobbio, Liam Dorris, Graham Bell, Francesca Izzo, Shilpa Verma, Jurgen C. de Graaff, Jeffery Steiner, Pietro Tuo, Graham Knottenbelt, Martin J. Volkers, Santhanam Suresh, David Costi, Peter A. Stoddart, Britta S. von Ungern-Sternberg, Joss J. Thomas, Koto Furue, Ida Salvo, Anne M. Lynn, Josee Gaudreault, Sandra Numan, Peter Szmuk, Bruno Guido Locatelli, David Field, Robert K. Williams, Pete G. Kovatsis, Katherine J Lee, Rodney W. Hunt, Andy Wolf, Paul S. Myles, Gillian D Ormond, Andrew Davidson, Oliver Bagshaw, Kate Leslie, Frouckje M. Hoekstra, Mary Ellen McCann, Agnes Hunyady, Anthony Chisakuta, Jacki Marmor, David C. Bellinger, Suzette Sheppard, Dick Tibboel, Denisa Haret, Leila Mameli, Neil S. Morton, Lynne G. Maxwell, Andreas H. Taenzer, Joseph P. Cravero, Andrea Wolfler, Magda Khotcholava, Claire Adey, and Brian Kravitz
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Postmenstrual Age ,Apnea ,Odds ratio ,law.invention ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Anesthesiology ,Anesthesia ,Medicine ,Gestation ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Complication - Abstract
Background:Postoperative apnea is a complication in young infants. Awake regional anesthesia (RA) may reduce the risk; however, the evidence is weak. The General Anesthesia compared to Spinal anesthesia study is a randomized, controlled trial designed to assess the influence of general anesthesia (GA) on neurodevelopment. A secondary aim is to compare rates of apnea after anesthesia.Methods:Infants aged 60 weeks or younger, postmenstrual age scheduled for inguinal herniorrhaphy, were randomized to RA or GA. Exclusion criteria included risk factors for adverse neurodevelopmental outcome and infants born less than 26 weeks gestation. The primary outcome of this analysis was any observed apnea up to 12 h postoperatively. Apnea assessment was unblinded.Results:Three hundred sixty-three patients were assigned to RA and 359 to GA. Overall, the incidence of apnea (0 to 12 h) was similar between arms (3% in RA and 4% in GA arms; odds ratio [OR], 0.63; 95% CI, 0.31 to 1.30, P = 0.2133); however, the incidence of early apnea (0 to 30 min) was lower in the RA arm (1 vs. 3%; OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.91; P = 0.0367). The incidence of late apnea (30 min to 12 h) was 2% in both RA and GA arms (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.41 to 3.33; P = 0.7688). The strongest predictor of apnea was prematurity (OR, 21.87; 95% CI, 4.38 to 109.24), and 96% of infants with apnea were premature.Conclusions:RA in infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy reduces apnea in the early postoperative period. Cardiorespiratory monitoring should be used for all ex-premature infants.
- Published
- 2015
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