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This article focuses on the reconstitution of the social professions' itinerary in Portugal during the i and ii Republic, during the period that unfolds between its foundation (1910), the constitution of Estado Novo (1933-1945) and the succession of Salazar (1968), exploring, in particular, the visitadoras (visitors) as one of the central and paradigmatic characters of the constitution of social professions. The paper carries out an historiographical reconstitution based on secondary sources, exploring, especially, the influential figures and movements in the establishment of these emerging professions, the dynamics of rupture and continuity between its pivotal periods, international influences, as well as its gender dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking as reference the social situation of Porto's historic centre in the final years of the dictatorship that lasted in Portugal until 1974, and considering the configuration of State action and the very different forms of civic and political participation of local social agents before and after the transition to democracy, this paper presents some analytic contributions to the development of the sociological debate on the relation the working classes in contemporary cities have been establishing with the State and the universe of civic and political stances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]