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Low resource healthcare environments are often characteristic of patient flow patterns with varying patient risks, extensive patient waiting times, uneven workload distributions, and inefficient service delivery. Models from industrial and systems engineering allow for a greater examination of processes by applying discrete-event computer simulation techniques to evaluate and optimize hospital performance.

Chest pain is a unique symptom in medical narration because the underlying cause can vary from mild acidity to massive Acute Myocardial Infarction also known as heart attack. Medical dispatching today is geared towards patient safety however too many Advanced Life Support (ALS) responses are made due to protocol of following every chest pain call. These ALS responses lead to inefficient use of community resources. Computerized dispatch protocol integrated with the dispatch station can achieve same level of patient safety with better utilization of Emergency Medical System (EMS) resources.

The pre-hospital emergency medical and public safety information environment is nearing a threshold of significant change. The change is driven in part by several emerging technologies such as secure, high-speed wireless communication in the local and wide area networks (wLAN, 3G), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning Systems (GPS), and powerful handheld computing and communication services, that are of sufficient utility to be more widely adopted. We propose a conceptual model to enable improved clinical decision making in the pre-hospital environment using these change agents.