1. Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Characteristics among HIV-Positive Households Participating in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study in Rural Western Kenya, 2008-2012.
- Author
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Schilling KA, Awuor AO, Rajasingham A, Moke F, Omore R, Amollo M, Farag TH, Nasrin D, Nataro JP, Kotloff KL, Levine MM, Ayers T, Laserson K, Blackstock A, Rothenberg R, Stauber CE, Mintz ED, Breiman RF, and O'Reilly CE
- Subjects
- Adult, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, Diarrhea complications, Diarrhea virology, Drinking Water microbiology, Family Characteristics, Feces microbiology, Female, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections virology, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Kenya epidemiology, Logistic Models, Male, Rural Population, Time Factors, Water Purification methods, Water Quality, Water Supply methods, Diarrhea epidemiology, Drinking Water analysis, Escherichia coli isolation & purification, HIV Infections epidemiology, Hand Hygiene, Sanitation
- Abstract
Diarrheal illness, a common occurrence among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), is largely preventable through access to safe drinking water quality, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities. We examined WASH characteristics among households with and without HIV-positive residents enrolled in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) in rural Western Kenya. Using univariable logistic regression, we examined differences between HIV-positive and HIV-negative households in regard to WASH practices. Among HIV-positive households, we explored the relationship between the length of time knowing their HIV status and GEMS enrollment. No statistically significant differences were apparent in the WASH characteristics among HIV-positive and HIV-negative households. However, we found differences in the WASH characteristics among HIV-positive households who were aware of their HIV status ≥ 30 days before enrollment compared with HIV-positive households who found out their status < 30 days before enrollment or thereafter. Significantly more households aware of their HIV-positive status before enrollment reported treating their drinking water (odds ratio [OR] confidence interval [CI]: 2.34 [1.12, 4.86]) and using effective water treatment methods (OR [CI]: 9.6 [3.09, 29.86]), and had better drinking water storage practices. This suggests that within this region of Kenya, HIV programs are effective in promoting the importance of practicing positive WASH-related behaviors among PLHIV.
- Published
- 2018
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