1. Characterization of Plasmodium Lactate Dehydrogenase and Histidine-Rich Protein 2 Clearance Patterns via Rapid On-Bead Detection from a Single Dried Blood Spot.
- Author
-
Markwalter CF, Gibson LE, Mudenda L, Kimmel DW, Mbambara S, Thuma PE, and Wright DW
- Subjects
- Antigens, Protozoan metabolism, Biomarkers blood, Child, Preschool, Diagnostic Tests, Routine methods, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods, Humans, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase metabolism, Protozoan Proteins metabolism, Sensitivity and Specificity, Specimen Handling, Time Factors, Zambia epidemiology, Antigens, Protozoan chemistry, Dried Blood Spot Testing methods, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase chemistry, Malaria, Falciparum blood, Malaria, Falciparum diagnosis, Plasmodium falciparum enzymology, Protozoan Proteins chemistry
- Abstract
A rapid, on-bead enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase ( p LDH) and Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) was adapted for use with dried blood spot (DBS) samples. This assay detected both biomarkers from a single DBS sample with only 45 minutes of total incubation time and detection limits of 600 ± 500 pM ( p LDH) and 69 ± 30 pM (HRP2), corresponding to 150 and 24 parasites/μL, respectively. This sensitive and reproducible on-bead detection method was used to quantify p LDH and HRP2 in patient DBS samples from rural Zambia collected at multiple time points after treatment. Biomarker clearance patterns relative to parasite clearance were determined; p LDH clearance followed closely with parasite clearance, whereas most patients maintained detectable levels of HRP2 for 35-52 days after treatment. Furthermore, weak-to-moderate correlations between biomarker concentration and parasite densities were found for both biomarkers. This work demonstrates the utility of the developed assay for epidemiological study and surveillance of malaria.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF