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Background Longitudinal contact between faculty and residents facilitates greater faculty entrustment. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between faculty familiarity with residents and faculty entrustment. Materials and methods Researchers observed and rated entrustment behaviors using OpTrust, September 2015–June 2017 at Michigan Medicine. Faculty familiarity with resident was measured on a 1–4 scale (1 = not familiar, 4 = extremely familiar). ANOVA and Sidak adjusted multiple comparisons were used to assess the relationship between faculty familiarity and faculty entrustment. Results 56 faculty and 73 residents were observed across 225 surgical cases. Faculty entrustment scores increased to 2.48 when resident familiarity was reported as “slightly familiar”. Faculty entrustment scores for “moderately familiar” increased to 2.57. Faculty entrustment scores for “extremely familiar” increased to 2.84. Conclusions We found a positive relationship between faculty familiarity and entrustment. These findings support greater continuity in faculty/resident relationships. Longitudinal contact allows learners to be granted progressive entrustment. Summary This study demonstrates a positive relationship between faculty familiarity with residents and an increase in intraoperative entrustment. These findings support greater continuity in faculty/resident relationships.

Faculty entrustment decisions affect resident entrustability behaviors and surgical autonomy. The relationship between entrustability and autonomy is not well understood. This pilot study explores that relationship.108 case observations were completed. Entrustment behaviors were rated using OpTrust. Residents completed a Zwisch self-assessment to measure surgical autonomy. Resident perceived autonomy was collected for 67 cases used for this pilot study.Full entrustability was observed in 5 of the 108 observed cases. Residents in our study did not report full autonomy. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient identified that resident entrustability was positively correlated with perceived resident autonomy (ρ = 0.66, p 0.05). Ordinal logistic regression assessed the relationship between resident entrustability and autonomy. The relationship persisted while controlling for PGY level, gender, and case complexity (OR = 8.42, SEM = 4.54, p 0.000).Resident entrustability is positively associated with perceived autonomy, yet full entrustability is not translating to the perception of full autonomy for residents.