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Problem Interleukin (IL) IL-12/IL-18 are involved in uterine NK cells control of uterine vascular development. Polymorphisms in the IL-12/IL-18 genes could modify the cytokine balance, which might result in an increased susceptibility to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Method of Study A case–control study was conducted to determine the association between the IL12 (I/D) and IL18 ( −607C>A, −137G>C) gene polymorphisms and the risk of RSA in 125 women with RSA and in 136 controls. Results The frequencies of DD, ID, II for IL-12 were, 25.6%, 52.8% and 21.6% respectively, in patients versus 21.3%, 51.5% and 27.2% respectively in controls; the frequencies of CC, CA, AA genotypes for IL-18 (−607) were, 34.4%, 54.4% and 11.2% respectively in patients versus 30.1%, 58.1% and 11.8% respectively in controls; the frequencies of GG, GC, CC genotypes for IL-18(−137) were 47.2%, 43.2% and 9.6% respectively in patients and 45.6%, 46.3% and 8.1% respectively in controls. Conclusion IL-12B and IL-18 promoter gene polymorphisms were not associated with RSA in our women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]