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Start Over Author "Rodolfo Peña" Journal american journal of public health
2 results on '"Rodolfo Peña"'

1. Wife abuse among women of childbearing age in Nicaragua

Author

Rodolfo Peña, Anna Winkvist, Mary Ellsberg, Jerker Liljestrand, and Andrés Herrera

Subjects
Adult, Adolescent, Cross-sectional study, Victimology, Population, Poison control, Nicaragua, Suicide prevention, Age Distribution, Pregnancy, Residence Characteristics, Risk Factors, Environmental health, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, education, Poverty, education.field_of_study, Labor, Obstetric, Marital Status, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, social sciences, Middle Aged, Parity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Spouse, Population Surveillance, Spouse Abuse, behavior and behavior mechanisms, Marital status, Domestic violence, Female, business, Needs Assessment, Research Article
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study measured the prevalence, frequency, and severity of physical wife abuse and its risk factors in León, Nicaragua. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a representative sample of 488 women 15 to 49 years of age. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of spousal violence was 52% among ever-married women (n = 360). Spousal violence was significantly positively associated with poverty, parity, urban residence, and history of violence in the husband's family. No significant associations were found between spousal violence and women's age, education, marital dependency, or occupation. CONCLUSIONS: Wife abuse constitutes a major public health problem in Nicaragua, requiring urgent measures for prevention and treatment for victims.

Published
1999
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2. The effect of poverty, social inequity, and maternal education on infant mortality in Nicaragua, 1988-1993

Author

Stig Wall, Lars Åke Persson, and Rodolfo Peña

Subjects
Adult, Male, Risk, Adolescent, Social Problems, Population, Nicaragua, Health Services Accessibility, Education, Pregnancy, Residence Characteristics, Infant Mortality, Medicine, Humans, Risk factor, Sex Distribution, education, Socioeconomic status, Poverty, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Newborn, Infant mortality, Relative risk, Female, Basic needs, business, Demography, Cohort study, Maternal Age, Research Article
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the effect of poverty and social inequity on infant mortality risks in Nicaragua from 1988 to 1993 and the preventive role of maternal education. METHODS: A cohort analysis of infant survival, based on reproductive histories of a representative sample of 10,867 women aged 15 to 49 years in Leon, Nicaragua, was conducted. A total of 7073 infants were studied; 342 deaths occurred during 6394 infant-years of follow-up. Outcome measures were infant mortality rate (IMR) and relative mortality risks for different groups. RESULTS: IMR was 50 per 1000 live births. Poverty, expressed as unsatisfied basic needs (UBN) of the household, increased the risk of infant death (adjusted relative risk [RR] = 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15, 1.92). Social inequity, expressed as the contrast between the household UBN and the predominant UBN of the neighborhood, further increased the risk (adjusted RR = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.12, 2.71). A protective effect of the mother's educational level was seen only in poor households. CONCLUSIONS: Apart from absolute level of poverty, social inequity may be an independent risk factor for infant mortality in a low-income country. In poor households, female education may contribute to preventing infant mortality.

Published
2000

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