1. Notch enhances Ca
- Author
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Shanshan, Song, Aleksandra, Babicheva, Tengteng, Zhao, Ramon J, Ayon, Marisela, Rodriguez, Shamin, Rahimi, Francesca, Balistrieri, Angela, Harrington, John Y-J, Shyy, Patricia A, Thistlethwaite, Ayako, Makino, and Jason X-J, Yuan
- Subjects
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ,Indoles ,Receptors, Notch ,Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ,Pulmonary Artery ,Endoplasmic Reticulum ,Pyrrolidinones ,Membrane Potentials ,Kv1.5 Potassium Channel ,HEK293 Cells ,Kv1.2 Potassium Channel ,Humans ,Calcium Channels ,Calcium Signaling ,Estrenes ,Single-Cell Analysis ,Stromal Interaction Molecule 2 ,Receptors, Calcium-Sensing ,Jagged-1 Protein ,Research Article - Abstract
The increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](cyt)) and upregulation of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and stromal interaction molecule 2 (STIM2) along with inhibition of voltage-gated K(+) (K(V)) channels in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) have been implicated in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension; however, the precise upstream mechanisms remain elusive. Activation of CaSR, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), results in Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) and Ca(2+) influx through receptor-operated and store-operated Ca(2+) channels (SOC). Upon Ca(2+) depletion from the SR, STIM forms clusters to mediate store-operated Ca(2+) entry. Activity of K(V) channels, like KCNA5/K(V)1.5 and KCNA2/K(V)1.2, contributes to regulating membrane potential, and inhibition of K(V) channels results in membrane depolarization that increases [Ca(2+)](cyt) by opening voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels. In this study, we show that activation of Notch by its ligand Jag-1 promotes the clustering of STIM2, and clustered STIM2 subsequently enhances the CaSR-induced Ca(2+) influx through SOC channels. Extracellular Ca(2+)-mediated activation of CaSR increases [Ca(2+)](cyt) in CASR-transfected HEK293 cells. Treatment of CASR-transfected cells with Jag-1 further enhances CaSR-mediated increase in [Ca(2+)](cyt). Moreover, CaSR-mediated increase in [Ca(2+)](cyt) was significantly augmented in cells co-transfected with CASR and STIM2. CaSR activation results in STIM2 clustering in CASR/STIM2-cotransfected cells. Notch activation also induces significant clustering of STIM2. Furthermore, activation of Notch attenuates whole cell K(+) currents in KCNA5- and KCNA2-transfected cells. Together, these results suggest that Notch activation enhances CaSR-mediated increases in [Ca(2+)](cyt) by enhancing store-operated Ca(2+) entry and inhibits KCNA5/K(V)1.5 and KCNA2/K(V)1.2, ultimately leading to voltage-activated Ca(2+) entry.
- Published
- 2020