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This paper traces the development of psychiatry in the People's Republic of China—with special reference to the social aspects of treatment and prevention—and delineates the salient features of the Chinese approach. Implications of this approach for mental health workers in other countries are discussed.

The pressure of the waiting list and the lack of resources have produced a state of emergency for the child guidance clinic. We have seen the development of 57 varieties of the traditional model without developing any clarity on why each previous model was not workable. To resolve underlying problems, this paper presents a “model” of a child mental health center.

This paper describes a pilot program in Pennsylvania to develop a link between the community and the State in program planning for children diagnosed as brain-damaged, retarded or emotionally disturbed. Through the vehicle of a comprehensive diagnosis by a multidisciplinary team, the Eastern Pennsylvania Diagnostic and Evaluation Center program was able to shed light on a number of related problems in the fields of child health, education, welfare and child psychiatry.

There is little understanding and communication in many areas between East Africa and North America. Mental health programming is no exception, although similar factors—local beliefs, political philosophy, available manpower, economic strictures—largely determine program structure and services in both regions of the world. This paper describes certain program features in Tanzania, and suggests that in their simplicity they may have relevance for mental health practitioners in the Western world.

This paper describes an attempt to provide psychiatric and social care in an integrated fashion to multiproblem families. Six social agencies and psychiatrists from the University of Rochester are engaged in a three-year demonstration project. The authors suggest from their experience that a radical reorganization of the psychosocial services is required if the needs of the poor are to be met.

Clinical and social scientists can have an important role in coping with the effects of social change if they can translate knowledge into terms specific to the problems, develop new methods of intervention, and develop new role models for professional-client relationships. This paper is a report on the philosophy and methods of two experiments in this field.

Child guidance clinics are part of a large class of organizations concerned with the treatment of maladjusted individuals. Research findings indicate that such clinics are not adequately serving the needs of the community. The assumptive base of clinic organization is challenged in the paper, and alternate recommendations are presented.

Current planning and action efforts in the health and welfare fields are stimulating and demanding further reorganization of mental health programs. In this paper the social forces impinging on current mental health practices are noted, the direction of changes in mental health programs is described and speculations on the shifts in organizational and role relationships among mental health practitioners are provided.