1. Consumption of fruit and vegetables and risk of frailty: a dose-response analysis of 3 prospective cohorts of community-dwelling older adults.
- Author
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GarcíA-Esquinas, Esther, Rahi, Berna, Peres, Karine, Colpo, Marco, Dartigues, Jean-François, Bandinelli, Stefania, Feart, Catherine, and Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando
- Subjects
AUTOMATIC data collection systems ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DIET ,DOSE-response relationship in biochemistry ,FRAIL elderly ,FRUIT ,INGESTION ,LONGITUDINAL method ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,SMOKING ,VEGETABLES ,COMORBIDITY ,ACTIVITIES of daily living ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,BODY mass index ,LIFESTYLES ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio - Abstract
Background: Consuming fruit and vegetables (FVs) may protect against frailty, but to our knowledge no study has yet assessed their prospective dose-response relation. Objective: We sought to examine the dose-response association between FV consumption and the risk of frailty in older adults. Design: Data were taken from 3 independent cohorts of community-dwelling older adults: the Seniors-ENRICA (Study on Nutrition and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spain) cohort (n = 1872), Three-City (3C) Bordeaux cohort (n = 581), and integrated multidisciplinary approach cohort (n = 473). Baseline food consumption was assessed with a validated computerized diet history (Seniors-ENRICA) or with a food-frequency questionnaire (3C Bordeaux and AMI). In all cohorts, incident frailty was assessed with the use of the Fried criteria. Results across cohorts were pooled with the use of a randomeffects model. Results: During a mean 2.5-y follow-up, 300 incident frailty cases occurred. Fully adjusted models showed that the pooled ORs (95% CIs) of incident frailty comparing participants who consumed 1, 2, or ≥3 portions of fruit/d to those with no consumption were, respectively, 0.59 (0.27, 0.90), 0.58 (0.29, 0.86), and 0.48 (0.20, 0.75), with a P-trend of 0.04. The corresponding values for vegetables were 0.69 (0.42, 0.97), 0.56 (0.35, 0.77), and 0.52 (0.13, 0.92), with a P-trend < 0.01. When FVs were analyzed together, the pooled ORs (95% CIs) of incident frailty were 0.41 (0.21, 0.60), 0.47 (0.25, 0.68), 0.36 (0.18, 0.53), and 0.31 (0.13, 0.48), with a P-trend < 0.01 for participants who consumed 2, 3, 4, or ≥5 portions/d, respectively, compared with those who consumed ≤1 portion/d. An inverse dose-response relation was also found between the baseline consumption of fruit and risk of exhaustion, low physical activity, and slow walking speed, whereas the consumption of vegetables was associated with a decreased risk of exhaustion and unintentional weight loss. Conclusions: Among community-dwelling older adults, FV consumption was associated with a lower short-term risk of frailty in a dose-response manner, and the strongest association was obtained with 3 portions of fruit/d and 2 portions of vegetables/d. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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