18 results on '"Willerson, James T."'
Search Results
2. Intravenous administration of monoclonal antibody to the platelet GP IIb/IIIa receptor to treat abrupt closure during coronary angioplasty
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Anderson, H. Vernon, Revana, Madaiah, Rosales, Oscar, Brannigan, Laura, Stuart, Yvonne, Weisman, Harlan, and Willerson, James T.
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Monoclonal antibodies -- Health aspects ,Angioplasty -- Complications ,Coronary arteries ,Blood platelets -- Receptors ,Health - Published
- 1992
3. Role of new antiplatelet agents as adjunctive therapies in thrombolysis
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Willerson, James T., Golino, Paolo, McNatt, Janice, Eidt, John, Yao, Sheng-Kun, and Buja, L. Maximilian
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Thrombolytic drugs -- Evaluation ,Heart attack -- Drug therapy ,Plasminogen activators -- Evaluation ,Tissue plasminogen activator -- Evaluation ,Aspirin -- Health aspects ,Anticoagulants (Medicine) -- Health aspects ,Blood platelets ,Heparin -- Health aspects ,Health - Abstract
A heart attack is a manifestation of a great many contributing factors, often including the development, over many years, of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries. The event precipitating a heart attack may be the rupture or ulceration of an atherosclerotic plaque. Platelets (blood cells involved in clotting) adhere to the ruptured plaque, aggregate, and initiate the development of a thrombus (blood clot). This thrombus is likely to become a thromboembolus, that is, likely to occlude (block) a smaller artery and impede blood flow to the heart muscle. A great step forward in the treatment of heart attack is thrombolysis, the use of enzymes, such as streptokinase or plasminogen activator, to dissolve such blood clots. If the blood clot dissolves and if blood flow to the oxygen-starved heart muscle can be restored before it is permanently damaged, the chances for recovery are excellent. However, improvements in this important therapeutic method are still possible, both in how quickly the thrombus is dissolved and in reducing the likelihood that a new clot will form after the first is dissolved. While heparin treatment is currently recommended as an anticoagulant adjunct therapy (with or immediately after thrombolysis), additional agents that act directly on platelets may prove to be of value. Aspirin has long been known to inhibit platelet function and blood clotting, but it is not yet known to what degree aspirin might be valuable as a part of thrombolytic therapy. Newly developed agents may also provide useful antiplatelet action, although these have, in general, been tested only in experimental animals. These include a monoclonal antibody that blocks the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor on the platelets, and a chemically complex synthetic substance that binds to and inhibits the enzyme thrombin. It remains to be determined, however, if such substances will prove to be of value in clinical trials involving human patients. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)
- Published
- 1991
4. Potential usefulness of combined thromboxane A2 and serotonin receptor blockade for preventing the conversion from chronic to acute coronary artery disease syndromes
- Author
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Willerson, James T., Golino, Paolo, Eidt, John, Yao, Shen-kun, and Buja, L. Maximilian
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Heart attack -- Prevention ,Coronary heart disease -- Complications ,Heart attack -- Causes of ,Atherosclerosis -- Complications ,Serotonin antagonists -- Health aspects ,Angina pectoris -- Causes of ,Thromboxane synthetase -- Health aspects ,Health - Abstract
Unstable angina, chest pain that increases in frequency with progressively less activity, often occurs when the patient is at rest, and acute myocardial infarction (MI or heart attack) are manifestations of acute coronary artery disease (CAD). Unstable angina is sometimes a result of damage to the cells lining the arterial walls or fissures in an atherosclerotic plaque. The authors speculate that unstable angina, non-Q-wave MIs, and Q-wave MIs represent progressively more serious points on a continuum, rather than distinct conditions. The Q-wave represents a phase of the heart beat as measured on an electrocardiogram. It is suggested that the potential causes of this progression include injury to the lining of the arterial walls from cracks in plaques, hypertension or stress, infection, smoking, coronary arteriography (in which a catheter is used to inject dye into the coronary arteries for X-ray contrast) or angioplasty ( in which a catheter is inserted in an artery to reduce narrowing). The conversion from a chronic to an acute state may be caused by accumulation of thromboxane A2, and consequent tendency to clotting and constriction of the artery, but a causal relationship could not be established. Working with dogs, the authors found that a thromboxane synthesis inhibitor protected against cyclical changes in heart blood flow. They also found that serotonin concentration increases 18-fold at the narrowed or injured site when these cyclic deceases occur. If clotting and the resulting release of thromboxane and serotonin cause or sustain some CAD syndromes, therapy to inhibit this release should benefit the patient. Aspirin inhibits thromboxane synthesis and clotting, and has been shown to reduce risk of MI and death in patients with unstable angina. The authors' hypothesis is in agreement with this finding. In order to protect patients from progressing from stable angina to MI, it may be necessary to employ thromboxane and serotonin receptor antagonists, or a combination of thromboxane synthesis inhibitor and a receptor antagonist with a serotonin receptor antagonist. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)
- Published
- 1990
5. Protection of the myocardium during myocardial infarction: pharmacologic protection during thrombolytic therapy
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Willerson, James T. and Buja, L. Maximilian
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Heart attack -- Drug therapy ,Heart attack -- Physiological aspects ,Reperfusion injury -- Prevention ,Health - Abstract
The most effective way to protect injured myocardium during the early phases of evolving myocardial infarction is with reperfusion. However, reperfusion may induce further myocardial injury. Alterations in the major determinants of myocardial oxygen demand, including increases in heart rate, contractile state and myocardial wall tension may also increase infarct size. An understanding of the basic mechanisms involved in the evolution of myocardial injury during myocardial infarction is important to the development of protective strategies that may reduce infarct size or attenuate repertusion-induced myocardial injury, or both. Selective calcium antagonists, [Beta] blockers, and phospholipase antagonists or inhibitors may reduce infarct size in association with early reperfusion. Reperfusion injury may be attenuated by free radical scavengers and calcium antagonists. Reinfarction, after the initial event, may ultimately be reduced in frequency by pharmacologic strategies that interfere with platelet adhesion, aggregation, and mediator release from activated platelets and white cells that promote further platelet aggregation or induce coronary artery vasoconstriction. included among protective strategies are thromboxane receptor antagonists and synthesis inhibitors, serotonin receptor antagonists, possibly leukotriene synthesis inhibitors or receptor antagonists, and aspirin. Future clinical trials should test the combined efficacy of reperfusion and selected pharmacologic strategies that alter calcium accumulation in the injured myocardium, diminish the injurious effects of [Beta]- and [alpha]adrenergic mechanisms and oxygen-derived free radicals on injured myocytes, and prevent reocclusion mediated by platelets and platelet mediators. (Am J Cardiol 1990;65-35 I-41 I), Myocardial infarction (MI) is a heart attack caused by the deterioration of heart tissue due to cessation of blood supply to the heart muscle, and may result from clot formation, narrowing, or rupture of the blood vessel supplying the heart. Initial studies showed that tissue damage in MI may be reduced by reperfusing, restoring blood flow, within three hours from onset of the ischemia. However, it was later shown that reperfusion and the restoration of oxygen supply to injured (infarcted) tissue can cause further tissue damage due to highly reactive oxygen free radicals produced during oxygen metabolism. Factors affecting the oxygen demand of the heart such as heart rate, contractility, and tension or stress may also influence the size of the infarct. The mechanisms leading to tissue injury in MI must be determined in developing approaches for reducing infarct size and preventing further tissue damage due to reperfusion. Tissue damage from reperfusion may be reduced by calcium antagonists, beta blockers, phospholipase inhibitors, and free radical scavengers. The recurrence of MI can be prevented by the use aspirin, which prevents blood clotting, and agents that prevent the production or the actions of the following: thromboxane, which activates blood clotting; serotonin, which constricts blood vessels; and leukotriene, which activates inflammation. The combined effectiveness of reperfusion and agents that prevent the progression of tissue damage in MI and recurrence of MI require further investigation. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)
- Published
- 1990
6. Outcome of Patients With Prior Percutaneous Revascularization Undergoing Repeat Coronary Intervention (from the PRESTO Trial)
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Arjomand, Heidar, Willerson, James T., Holmes, David R., Bamlet, William R., Surabhi, Satish K., Roukoz, Bassam, Espinoza, Andrey, McClelland, Robyn L., McCormick, Daniel J., and Goldberg, Sheldon
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MYOCARDIAL revascularization , *MYOCARDIAL infarction , *HEART diseases , *MEDICAL research - Abstract
Patients with previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are often excluded from clinical trials. As a result, limited data are available on the long-term outcome of such patients undergoing repeat PCI. In this study, we assessed the impact of previous PCI on outcomes in patients undergoing repeat PCI. We compared the baseline features and outcomes of 7,056 patients without previous PCI (group I) with those of 1,281 patients with previous PCI of the original target lesion (group II) and 1,408 patients with previous PCI of a nontarget lesion (group III) undergoing PCI in the Prevention of Restenosis with Tranilast and its Outcomes (PRESTO) trial. Compared with patients in group I, patients in groups II and III were more likely to have diabetes (25% and 24% vs 21%, p <0.02), previous myocardial infarction (51% and 56% vs 29%, p <0.001), and ostial lesions (10% and 7% vs 5%, p <0.001), and less likely to have, as their indication for PCI, myocardial infarction (2% and 7% vs 17%, p <0.001). At 1 month, major adverse cardiac events, including death, myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization, were low and similar in all 3 groups. Compared with patients in group I, the risk of major adverse cardiac events at 9 months was significantly increased for patients in groups II (34.1% vs 18.6%, relative risk [RR] 2.03, adjusted RR 1.78, 95% confidence interval 1.58 to 2.01) and III (23.9% vs 18.6%, RR 1.30, adjusted RR 1.16, 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.33). The increased risk of major adverse cardiac events was entirely due to higher rates of repeat revascularization. In conclusion, despite similar short-term outcomes, patients with previous PCI undergoing PCI of either target or nontarget lesions had lower event-free survival at 9 months of follow-up. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
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7. Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy and Value in Patients With Non-ST Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
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Willerson, James T.
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- 2009
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8. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Gene and Recurrent Coronary Heart Disease or Mortality in Patients With Established Atherosclerosis.
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Virani, Salim S., Lee, Vei-Vei, Brautbar, Ariel, Grove, Megan L., Nambi, Vijay, Alam, Mahboob, Elayda, MacArthur, Wilson, James M., Willerson, James T., Boerwinkle, Eric, and Ballantyne, Christie M.
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SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms , *CHOLESTERYL ester transfer protein , *CORONARY disease , *MORTALITY , *ATHEROSCLEROSIS , *HUMAN genetic variation , *PATIENTS - Abstract
It is not known whether genetic variants in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene are associated with recurrent coronary heart disease events or mortality in secondary prevention patients. Among 3,717 patients with acute coronary syndrome or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) enrolled in a prospective genetic registry, we evaluated whether CETP gene variants previously shown to be associated with reduced CETP activity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increase ("A" allele for both TaqIB [rs708272] and rs12149545) are associated with a reduction in recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), recurrent revascularization, or death. At 4.5 years of follow-up, 439 recurrent MI, 698 recurrent revascularizations, and 756 deaths occurred. Using an additive model of inheritance, the "A" allele for rs708272 was not associated with recurrent MI (hazard ratio [HR] 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.78 to 1.17 for AG; HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.19 for AA; compared with GG genotype), recurrent revascularization (HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.33 for AG; HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.32 for AA), or mortality (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.19 for AG; HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.37 for AA) in the overall cohort. Similar results were seen for the "A" allele for rs12149545. In the CABG subgroup, AG genotype for rs708272 was associated with an increased mortality (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.79) compared with GG genotype. Results remained consistent using dominant model of inheritance. In conclusion, genetic CETP variants were not associated with recurrent MI or recurrent revascularization in overall cohort with a possible mortality increase in patients who underwent CABG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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9. Usefulness of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Chromosome 4q25 to Predict In-Hospital and Long-Term Development of Atrial Fibrillation and Survival in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
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Virani, Salim S., Brautbar, Ariel, Lee, Vei-Vei, Elayda, MacArthur, Sami, Shehzad, Nambi, Vijay, Frazier, Lorraine, Wilson, James M., Willerson, James T., Boerwinkle, Eric, and Ballantyne, Christie M.
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GENETIC polymorphisms , *NUCLEOTIDES , *CHROMOSOMES , *ATRIAL fibrillation , *CORONARY artery bypass , *POSTOPERATIVE care , *CONFIDENCE intervals - Abstract
We aimed to determine whether polymorphisms in chromosome 4q25 are associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF), long-term AF, postoperative or long-term stroke, and long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting. We performed genotyping for rs2200733 and rs10033464 in white participants (n = 1,166) from the TexGen genetic registry. The development of postoperative or long-term AF, postoperative or long-term stroke, and long-term mortality were ascertained. Both rs2200733 and rs10033464 were associated with postoperative AF (odds ratio [OR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04 to 1.91, and OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.06, respectively). Carriers of the risk allele (T) had an increased risk of postoperative AF with preoperative β blocker (BB) (for rs2200733, OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.004 to 2.16 for those taking a BB, and OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.73 for those not taking a BB; for rs10033464, OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.93 for those taking preoperative a BB, and OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.65 for those not taking a BB). Both rs2200733 and rs10033464 were also associated with long-term AF (hazard ratio 1.32, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.67, and hazard ratio 1.28, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.66, respectively). Carriers of rs2200733 had increased long-term mortality (hazard ratio 1.57, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.24). These variants were not associated with postoperative or long-term stroke. In conclusion, variants in 4q25 are associated with an increased risk of postoperative or long-term AF and, possibly, mortality in whites undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, and could potentially affect the choice of therapy used to decrease postoperative AF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2011
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10. Difference in Patient Profiles and Outcomes in Japanese Versus American Patients Undergoing Coronary Revascularization (Collaborative Study by CREDO-Kyoto and the Texas Heart Institute Research Database)
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Kohsaka, Shun, Kimura, Takeshi, Goto, Masashi, Lee, Vei-Vei, Elayda, MacArthur, Furukawa, Yutaka, Fukushima, Masanori, Komeda, Masashi, Sakata, Ryuuzou, Willerson, James T., Wilson, James M., and Kita, Toru
- Subjects
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MYOCARDIAL revascularization , *CORONARY artery bypass , *JAPANESE people , *AMERICANS , *COMPARATIVE studies , *HEART disease related mortality , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *DISEASES - Abstract
Although coronary revascularization is common in both Japan and the United States (US), no direct comparison has been performed to demonstrate differences in the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of patients in these 2 countries. We analyzed the preprocedural, in-hospital, and long-term data from the Coronary Revascularization Demonstrating Outcome registry (Kyoto, Japan) and the Texas Heart Institute Research Database (Houston, Texas) of 16,100 patients who had undergone elective, initial percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting. The Japanese procedures were performed from 2000 to 2002 (n = 8,871, follow-up period 3.5 years, interquartile range 2.6 to 4.3) and the US procedures from 1999 to 2003 (n = 7,229, follow-up period 5.2 years, interquartile range 3.8 to 6.5). The Japanese patients tended to be older (mean age 67.2 vs 62.7 years; p <0.001), to smoke (52.9% vs 46.0%; p <0.001), and to have diabetes (39.2% vs 31.0%; p <0.001) and stroke (16.4% vs 5.0%; p <0.001). The US patients were more obese (body mass index 23.7 vs 29.3 kg/m2; p <0.001), with greater rates of systemic atherosclerotic disease. Both groups had a similar in-hospital mortality rate (Japanese patients 0.9% vs US patients 1.1%; p = 0.19) and crude long-term mortality rate (Japanese patients 27.7/1,000 person-years, US patients 28.2/1,000 person-years; p = 0.35). After adjustment for known predictors, the US group had greater long-term mortality than the Japanese group (hazard ratio 1.71, 95% confidence interval 1.50 to 1.95; p <0.001). This finding was consistent among all high-risk subgroups. In conclusion, the 2 registries showed similar crude outcomes but important differences in patient risk factors such as obesity. In the adjusted analysis, the Japanese patients had better outcomes than did the US patients. Additional study is needed to assess the effect of ethnic and risk factor variations on coronary artery disease. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2010
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11. The Editor's Roundtable: Health Reform and Its Implications for Cardiovascular Medicine
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Friedewald, Vincent E., Cohn, Lawrence H., Kelly, James P., Roberts, Robert, Wesson, Donald E., Willerson, James T., Yancy, Clyde W., and Roberts, William C.
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- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The Editor's Roundtable: The JUPITER Trial—Initial Results and Clinical Implications
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Ridker, Paul M., Friedewald, Vincent E., Davidson, Michael H., Willerson, James T., and Roberts, William C.
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- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. The Editor's Roundtable: The Vulnerable Plaque
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Friedewald, Vincent E., Ambrose, John A., Stone, Gregory W., Roberts, William C., and Willerson, James T.
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- 2008
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14. Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the JUPITER Trial, A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Primary Prevention Trial of Statin Therapy Among Individuals With Low Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Elevated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein
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Ridker, Paul M., Fonseca, Francisco A.H., Genest, Jacques, Gotto, Antonio M., Kastelein, John J.P., Khurmi, Nardev S., Koenig, Wolfgang, Libby, Peter, Lorenzatti, Alberto J., Nordestgaard, Borge G., Shepherd, James, Willerson, James T., and Glynn, Robert J.
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- *
ISOPENTENOIDS , *STATINS (Cardiovascular agents) , *STEROLS , *CHOLESTEROL - Abstract
The Justification for the Use of statins in Primary prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled primary prevention trial of statin therapy among persons with average to low levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol who are at increased cardiovascular risk due to elevated plasma concentrations of the inflammatory biomarker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). A total of 17,802 persons with LDL cholesterol <130 mg/dl (3.36 mmol/L) and hs-CRP ≥2 mg/L were recruited from 26 countries and randomly allocated to 20 mg/day rosuvastatin or placebo. In contrast to previous studies of statin therapy in primary prevention, JUPITER is evaluating a group with modest plasma concentrations of LDL cholesterol (median 108 mg/dl, interquartile range 94 to 119). Further, the trial includes 6,801 women (38.2%) and 5,577 participants with metabolic syndrome (32.1%). Thus, in addition to broadening our understanding of statin therapy and inflammation, the JUPITER trial will provide important and clinically relevant information on primary prevention among patients who do not currently qualify for lipid-lowering therapy. In conclusion, as 20 mg of rosuvastatin can reduce LDL cholesterol by up to 50%, JUPITER will also provide crucial safety data for several thousand patients who should achieve LDL cholesterol levels <50 mg/dl on a long-term basis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Acute Coronary Syndrome May Occur With In-Stent Restenosis and Is Associated With Adverse Outcomes (The PRESTO Trial)
- Author
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Assali, Abid R., Moustapha, Ali, Sdringola, Stefano, Denktas, Ali E., Willerson, James T., Holmes, David R., and Smalling, Richard W.
- Subjects
- *
MYOCARDIAL revascularization , *HEART diseases , *BEHAVIORAL medicine ,CARDIAC surgery patients - Abstract
Patients with de novo acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) have a higher rate of adverse cardiac events and recurrent revascularization after percutaneous coronary interventions compared with patients who have stable angina. However, it is not known if an ACS presentation in patients with in-stent restenosis (ISR) is associated with a worse prognosis. Using the large PRESTO database of patients with ISR, we compared outcomes after successful percutaneous coronary intervention in 824 patients who presented with ACS with 617 patients who had stable angina. In-hospital and 9-month follow-up for myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, death, and a combined outcome of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were obtained. Follow-up angiographic results were also compared in those patients included in the angiographic substudy (140 patients with ACS and 99 with stable angina). Patients with ISR who presented with ACS were older and less often men, with higher incidences of diabetes, hypertension, tobacco use, previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and congestive heart failure. In-hospital complications were rare and similar in the 2 groups. At follow-up, patients with ACS had higher incidences of target vessel revascularization (33% vs 21%, p <0.001), MACEs (35% vs 22%, p <0.001), and angiographic restenosis (≥50% narrowing, 56% vs 42%, p = 0.043). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for baseline differences, an ACS presentation was associated with a higher incidence of long-term MACEs (odds ratio 1.66, 95% confidence interval 1.27 to 2.18, p <0.001). In conclusion, an ACS presentation in patients with ISR is associated with a higher incidence of recurrent adverse cardiovascular events and angiographic restenosis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Usefulness of Multidetector Computed Tomography for Noninvasive Evaluation of Coronary Arteries in Asymptomatic Patients
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Gertz, S. David, Cherukuri, Paul, Bodmann, Bernhard G., Gladish, Gregory, Wilner, Wayne T., Conyers, Jodie L., Aboshady, Ibrahim, Madjid, Mohammad, Vela, Deborah, Lukovenkov, Serhiy, Papadakis, Manos, Kouri, Donald, Mazraeshahi, Reza Mohammadi, Frazier, Lorraine, Zarrabi, Alireza, Elrod, Donald, Willerson, James T., and Casscells, S. Ward
- Subjects
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TOMOGRAPHY , *CORONARY arteries , *ELECTRON beams , *CALCIUM , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging - Abstract
This editorial addresses the capabilities, limitations, and potential of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for the noninvasive evaluation of coronary arteries in asymptomatic patients. The quantification of coronary calcium with MDCT correlates highly with that obtained by electron-beam computed tomography, but to date, neither has the capability of assessing the distribution of various morphologic patterns of calcium and their relation to other “soft” plaque components. Although MDCT can assess the thickness of the atherosclerotic wall and can readily identify calcific deposits, further plaque characterization (e.g., lipid pools and fibrous tissue), a prerequisite for the identification of most vulnerable lesions, is not yet a workable reality, even with the 64-slice machines in their current configuration. The noninvasive identification by MDCT of plaque components subtending vulnerable lesions will require additional improvement in the primary instrumentation, the use of hybrid constructs (e.g., with positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging), the development of novel methods of post-acquisitional analysis to extract latent images of plaque components (e.g., signal analysis based on 3-dimensional wavelets), or the adaptation of molecular imaging techniques at the cell and gene levels to computed tomography. Such unique approaches may soon contribute a long list of additional parameters that could be evaluated on a noninvasive basis as predictors of acute coronary syndromes and overall patient vulnerability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Thermal detection of vulnerable plaque.
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Madjid M, Naghavi M, Malik BA, Litovsky S, Willerson JT, Casscells W, Madjid, Mohammad, Naghavi, Morteza, Malik, Basit A, Litovsky, Silvio, Willerson, James T, and Casscells, Ward
- Abstract
In 1996, we showed that inflamed atherosclerotic plaques give off more heat and that vulnerable plaques may be detected by measuring their temperature. Plaque temperature is correlated directly with inflammatory cell density and inversely with the distance of the cell clusters from the luminal surface. It is inversely related to the density of the smooth muscle cells. We found no significant association between temperature heterogeneity and presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae in plaque or the gross color of human atherosclerotic carotid plaques. We also found pH heterogeneity in plaques from human carotid artery and aortas of Watanabe atherosclerotic rabbits and apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Areas with lower pH had higher temperature, and areas with a large lipid core showed lower pH with higher temperature, whereas calcified regions had lower temperature and higher pH. We also developed a thermography basket catheter and showed in vivo temperature heterogeneity in atherosclerotic lesions of atherosclerotic dogs and Watanabe rabbits. Thermal heterogeneity was later documented in human atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Temperature difference between atherosclerotic plaque and healthy vessel wall is related to clinical instability. It is correlated with systemic markers of inflammation and is a strong predictor of adverse cardiac events after percutaneous interventions. Thermography is the first in a series of novel "functional" imaging methods and is moving to clinical trials. It may be useful for a variety of clinical and research purposes, such as detection of vulnerable plaques and risk stratification of vulnerable patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
18. The editor's roundtable: advances in stem cell therapy for treatment of cardiovascular disease.
- Author
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Friedewald VE, Hare JM, Miller LW, Walpole HT Jr, Willerson JT, and Roberts WC
- Subjects
- Humans, Heart Diseases therapy, Stem Cell Transplantation methods
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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