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Analysis of the effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi on plant production and soil quality, through an examination of the VAM fungus Glomus mosseae, reveals only an 8% enhancement of seed yield and a 400% increase in soil aggregation in samples of a gray silt-loam with a high content of phosphorous and organic matter (OM). However, soil-aggregation is enhanced by only 50% in a yellow clay-loam having a low content of OM and phosphorous, in which the seed yield increases by 57%. These observations imply the influence of the VAM fungus on the distribution of carbon between the plant and the soil.