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The article reviews the evidence on herbal medicine's effectiveness against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as of April 2017. Topics covered include the two major types of HIV, the promise held by some plant medicines in various African regions for treatment and drug development, and China's use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treatment. Also noted is the Western world's use of such herbs as cannabis, St. John's Wort, and garlic.