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LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Yoon et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17909 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Hong et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17819 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17937 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Wu et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17667 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17679 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Wu et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17667 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17685 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Sharma et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16369 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16910 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to the Rössle et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15811 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15930 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: Direct‐acting anti‐viral therapy (DAA) has transformed hepatitis C virus (HCV) care, particularly in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. However, their impact on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Aim: To use a national registry of patients with advanced liver disease to explore the relationship between DAA therapy and HCC. Methods: All patients with de novo HCC post DAA therapy were frequency matched with patients who did not develop HCC. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were obtained. Cross‐sectional imaging and multidisciplinary team reports were reviewed for dates of HCC diagnosis and HCC progression. Patients were categorised by treatment outcome and time of HCC development. Data were examined by multivariable analysis and Kaplan‐Meier estimation. Results: Eighty patients with HCC were compared with 165 patients without HCC, treated between June 2014 and September 2015. Mean follow‐up from start of DAA therapy was 32.4 months. Twenty‐eight patients were diagnosed with early HCC (within 6 months of therapy) and 52 presented late. Baseline nonmalignant lesions (HR: 1.99), thrombocytopaenia (HR: 1.59) and diabetes (HR: 1.68) increased likelihood of HCC. Response to therapy was reduced in patients who developed liver cancer (SVR in patients with HCC = 54/80 (68%), SVR in patients without HCC = 143/165 (87%), P < 0.001, OR: 3.13, 95% CI: 1.64‐5.99). We found no difference between tumour size, progression or survival between viraemic and nonviraemic patients. Conclusion: There is no alteration in prognosis or cancer progression following HCC development after HCV treatment. However, baseline nonmalignant liver lesions, diabetes and thrombocytopaenia increase the risk of HCC, and HCC is associated with a decreased SVR rate. Linked Content This article is linked to Hollande and Pol paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15328. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Cho et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17255 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Mecci et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15296. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linked Content This article is linked to Strik et al paper. To view this article visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13994. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Several measures have been used to assess the health-related quality of life ( HRQoL) of patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE). Aims To systematically review these HRQoL measures, to appraise measurement properties of specific instruments and to evaluate determinant factors influencing HRQoL in paediatric and adult EoE patients. Methods We searched the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS) and Psyc INFO databases for documents providing original information on the development of measurement tools and/or evaluation of HRQoL outcomes in EoE patients of all ages. Results Of the 596 references identified, data was collected from 34 studies (with only 16 of them being published as full papers) including a total of 1,689 individual patients. Three disease-specific HRQoL measures in EoE covering different aspects of patients' lives and developed in English, were scored positive regarding measurement properties. The Peds QL inventory (including parent and child report forms) and the Peds-QoL EoE module were the generic and specific instruments respectively used in children, while the SF-36 and EoE-QoL-A were the most used questionnaires in adults. Patients with EoE show an impaired HRQoL compared to controls, which greatly depends on symptom severity and disease duration. Severity of endoscopic features and female gender may also determine an impaired HRQoL. The effect of treatments on HRQoL requires further assessment. Conclusions HRQoL is a relevant outcome that should be considered in clinical practice and research of EoE. Further validation studies in several languages and populations are required to support the use of disease-specific HRQoL measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Sharma et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16369 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16877 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Panaccione et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16848 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Danese et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16753 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16761 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Danese et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16753 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16795 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Safadi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16664 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16748 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Safadi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16664 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16762 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Schultheiss et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16605 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16757 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Zhao et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16723 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Sorda et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16618 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16726 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Sorda et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16618 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16657 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis ( IPAA) is considered the procedure of choice in patients with ulcerative colitis ( UC) refractory to medical therapy. The incidence of pouchitis is 40% at 5 years. Ten to 15% of patients with pouchitis experience chronic pouchitis. Aim To determine the efficacy of medical therapies for the treatment of chronic refractory pouchitis in patients undergoing IPAA for UC. Methods A systematic computer-assisted search of the on-line bibliographic database MEDLINE and EMBASE was performed between 1966 and February 2016. All original studies reporting remission rates following medical treatment for chronic pouchitis were included. All study designs were considered. Remission was defined according to the individual study. Remission endpoints ranged from 15 days to 10 weeks. Chronic pouchitis was defined by each study. Results Twenty-one papers were considered eligible. Results from all studies combined suggested that overall remission was obtained in 59% of patients (95% CI: 44-73%). Antibiotics significantly induced remission in patients with chronic pouchitis with 74% remission rate (95% CI:56-93%), ( P < 0.001). Biologics significantly induced remission in patients with chronic pouchitis with 53% remission rate (95% CI:30-76%), ( P < 0.001). Steroids, bismuth, elemental diet and tacrolimus all can induce remission but failed to achieve significance. Faecal microbiota transplantation in a single study was not found to achieve remission. Conclusions Treatment of chronic refractory pouchitis remains difficult and is largely empirical. Larger randomised controlled trials will help aid the management of chronic pouchitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background A short-term course of pegylated-interferon (Peg- IFN), or a long-term treatment with a third generation nucleot(s)ide analogue ( NUC), of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection achieves viral suppression and may prevent disease progression. Owing to different mechanisms of action of the two regimens, a Peg- IFN and NUC combination treatment may be an attractive approach to enhance the off-treatment rates of virological and serological response. Aim To review the literature on combinations of Peg- IFN plus NUC, including the simultaneous initiation of Peg- IFN and NUC in naïve patients; an 'add-on' combination, where Peg- IFN is started at variable times after the beginning of NUC; or a 'switch-to' strategy usually from NUC to Peg- IFN. Methods We performed a PubMed literature search using the following terms individually or in combination: NUC, hepatitis B virus, chronic hepatitis, interferon, pegylated-interferon, nucleos(t)ide analogues, entecavir, tenofovir. English-language articles published up to December 2015, as well as conference proceedings from international meetings were reviewed. References from selected papers were reviewed and used if relevant. Results While combination and NUC pre-treatment failed to increase HBsAg clearance rates, more promising results were achieved in patients under long-term effective NUC therapy. Conclusion While Peg- IFN and nucleos(t)ide analogue combination therapy should not be recommended currently, the addition of or the switch to Peg- IFN in nucleos(t)ide analogue-treated patients with chronic hepatitis B infection may be useful option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Blesl et al and Srinivasan & van Langenberg papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16478 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16506 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Blesl et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16478 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16535 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Nelson et al and Vasant papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16437 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16440 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Nelson et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16437 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16443 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Kuo et al and Wuestenberghs & Gourcerol papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16344 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16375 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Kuo et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16344 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16395 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Tournier et al and Turbayne and Ward papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16333 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16359 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Tournier et al and Roblin et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16333 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16399 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Sedano et al and Laube & Selinger papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16328 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16341 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Sedano et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16328 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16366 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Up to 88% of patients with hepatic cirrhosis experience painful muscle cramps resulting in sleep deprivation and impaired quality of life. Management is often based on poor evidence with varying degrees of success in controlling the frequency and severity of muscle cramps in this group. Aim To review systematically the treatment options for muscle cramps in cirrhosis. Methods A systematic review of the relevant databases to identify treatments for muscle cramps in patients with hepatic cirrhosis was performed. Studies meeting the selection criteria were reviewed and quality of the papers was rated using a validated quality rating scale. The results for each treatment are reported. Results Eighteen publications were identified as eligible for inclusion in this systematic review. The majority (n = 15) of these were treatment/intervention reports. Only three randomised-control studies were identified. A wide range of treatments were identified including zinc, 1-a-hydroxy vitamin D, vitamin E, branched chain amino acids, taurine, L-carnitine, nuiche-shenqi-wen, eperisone hydrochloride, intravenous albumin and quinidine. There were some reported improvements in muscle cramps with most interventions with the exception of vitamin E but the evidence predominantly relies on case study reports. There is a lack of randomised-controlled clinical studies to support using these interventions. Conclusions There appear to be a number of promising treatments for muscle cramps in cirrhosis. However, there remains a need for further double-blinded, randomised, controlled clinical investigations to support routine use of these interventions to treat muscle cramps in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Rundquist et al and Roblin et al. papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16193 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16212 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Rundquist et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16193 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16241 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Lim et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16149 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16226 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linked Content This article is linked to Strik et al and Strik, D'Heans papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13994 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14071. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linked Content This article is linked to W. E. Whitehead et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13957 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13839. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Kirstein et al and Mo et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15789 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15952 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Kirstein et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15789 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15980 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to the Xia et al and Vyas papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15732 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15878 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to the Rössle et al and Zhang et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15811 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15902 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Camilleri et al and Hasler papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15711 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15792. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Camilleri et al and Camilleri papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15711 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15866. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Impaired acid secretion may affect drug absorption and may be consequent to corporal Heliocobacter pylori-gastritis, which may affect the absorption of orally administered drugs. Aim To focus on the evidence of impaired drug absorption associated with H. pylori infection. Methods Data sources were the systematic search of MEDLINE/EMBASE/SCOPUS databases (1980–April 2008) for English articles using the keywords: drug malabsorption/absorption, stomach, Helicobacter pylori, gastritis, gastric acid, gastric pH, hypochlorhydria, gastric hypoacidity. Study selection was made from 2099 retrieved articles, five studies were identified. Data were extracted from selected papers, investigated drugs, study type, main features of subjects, study design, intervention type and results were extracted. Results In all, five studies investigated impaired absorption ofl-dopa, thyroxine and delavirdine in H. pylori infection. Eradication treatment led to 21–54% increase inl-dopa in Parkinon’s disease. Thyroxine requirement was higher in hypochlorhydric goitre with H. pylori-gastritis and thyrotropin levels decreased by 94% after treatment. In H. pylori- and HIV-positive hypochlorhydric subjects, delavirdine absorption increased by 57% with orange juice administration and by 150% after eradication. Conclusions A plausible mechanism of impaired drug absorption is decreased acid secretion in H. pylori-gastritis patients. Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria should be considered in prescribing drugs the absorption of which is potentially affected by intragastric pH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Home parenteral nutrition is established as standard management for patients with chronic severe intestinal failure. Although the treatment is welcomed by many patients, there are psychological consequences of living with a central venous catheter and there are associated restrictions to the lives of patients on home parenteral nutrition. A subgroup of home parenteral nutrition patients may use their central venous catheter for self-harm. Aims To review existing literature relating to abnormal psychological responses to central venous catheters in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition and the psychological meaning of living with a central venous catheter. It also attempts to alert professionals to ways in which patients may self-harm using their central venous catheters. Methods A literature review was performed. Data were obtained both from literature searches and from personal experience at a Psychological Medicine Unit attached to a large home parenteral nutrition centre. Results Patients receiving home parenteral nutrition may use their central venous catheter in various ways to self-harm. Motivation may be conscious or unconscious. Sequelae of such self-harm may be life-threatening. Conclusion This paper concludes with recommendations for best practice with respect to the psychological management of home parenteral nutrition patients in whom central venous catheter abuse is suspected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Kumar et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15677. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Reilev et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15648. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Basilisco et al and Ballou and Lembo papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15657 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15683. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]