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Summary: Background: Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. Its prevalence is increasing with the epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome. MASLD progression into metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and advanced fibrosis may lead to decompensated cirrhosis and development of liver‐related events, hepatocellular carcinoma and death. Monitoring disease progression is critical in decreasing morbidity, mortality, need for transplant and economic burden. Assessing for treatment response once FDA‐approved medications are available is still an unmet clinical need. Aims: To explore the most up‐to‐date literature on testing used for monitoring disease progression and treatment response Methods: We searched PubMed from inception to 15 August 2023, using the following MeSH terms: 'MASLD', 'Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease', 'MASH', 'metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis', 'Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease', 'NAFLD', 'non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis', 'NASH', 'Biomarkers', 'clinical trial'. Articles were also identified through searches of the authors' files. The final reference list was generated based on originality and relevance to this review's broad scope, considering only papers published in English. Results: We have cited 101 references in this review detailing methods to monitor MASLD disease progression and treatment response. Conclusion: Various biomarkers can be used in different care settings to monitor disease progression. Further research is needed to validate noninvasive tests more effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Nordestgaard et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18106 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18143 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Nordestgaard et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18106 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18163 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Sharma et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16369 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16910 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Danese et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16753 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16761 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Danese et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16753 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16795 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Schultheiss et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16605 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16757 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Sorda et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16618 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16657 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Yoon et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17909 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Hong et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17819 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17937 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Cho et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17255 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Wu et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17667 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17685 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Wu et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17667 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17679 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Sharma et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16369 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16877 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Panaccione et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16848 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Safadi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16664 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16748 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Safadi et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16664 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16762 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Zhao et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16723 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Sorda et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16618 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16726 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Blesl et al and Srinivasan & van Langenberg papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16478 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16506 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LINKED CONTENT: This article is linked to Blesl et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16478 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16535 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: One quarter of the world's population has latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Systemic immunosuppression is a risk factor for LTBI reactivation and the development of active tuberculosis. Such reactivation carries a risk of significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the increasing global incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the use of immune‐based therapies, current guidelines on the testing and treatment of LTBI in patients with IBD are haphazard with a paucity of evidence. Aim: To review the screening, diagnostic practices and medical management of LTBI in patients with IBD. Methods: Published literature was reviewed, and recommendations for testing and treatment were synthesised by experts in both infectious diseases and IBD. Results: Screening for LTBI should be performed proactively and includes assessment of risk factors, an interferon‐gamma releasing assay or tuberculin skin test and chest X‐ray. LTBI treatment in patients with IBD is scenario‐dependent, related to geographical endemicity, travel and other factors. Ideally, LTBI therapy should be used prior to immune suppression but can be applied concurrently where urgent IBD medical treatment is required. Management is best directed by a multidisciplinary team involving gastroenterologists, infectious diseases specialists and pharmacists. Ongoing surveillance is recommended during therapy. Newer LTBI therapies show promise, but medication interactions need to be considered. There are major gaps in evidence, particularly with specific newer therapeutic approaches to IBD. Conclusions: Proactive screening for LTBI is essential in patients with IBD undergoing immune‐suppressing therapy and several therapeutic strategies are available. Reporting of real‐world experience is essential to refining current management recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: Escalation to anti‐tumour necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients on thiopurine is a common clinical scenario. However, the impact of discontinuing thiopurine at escalation is unclear. Aim: To assess the impact of discontinuing versus continuing thiopurine therapy at anti‐TNF initiation. Methods: We used the Danish registries to establish a national cohort of patients with IBD on thiopurine therapy prior to initiating anti‐TNF from 2003 to 2018. We compared patients discontinuing thiopurine therapy within 90 days of anti‐TNF initiation to those continuing. Our primary outcome was a composite of any new oral corticosteroid use, IBD‐related hospitalization, surgery or death. We used Cox regression models to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Of the 10,352 anti‐TNF exposed patients, 2,630 (1590 Crohn's disease (CD) and 1040 ulcerative colitis (UC)) received thiopurines prior to anti‐TNF. After anti‐TNF initiation, 979 patients discontinued thiopurines. Discontinuing thiopurines within 90 days of anti‐TNF initiation, increased the risk of the primary outcome (aHR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.10‐1.36), particularly for IBD‐related hospitalization (aHR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00‐1.31) and oral corticosteroid use (aHR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.13‐1.44). This increased risk of the primary outcome was seen in both CD (aHR: 1.17; 95% CI 1.02‐1.34) and UC (aHR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.12‐1.55). Conclusions: In a nationwide cohort study of IBD patients, we observed that discontinuing thiopurines after anti‐TNF initiation was associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes, in particular an increase in hospitalizations. Further interventional studies exploring this common clinical scenario are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]