1. Drinking and smoking patterns during pregnancy: Development of group-based trajectories in the Safe Passage Study
- Author
-
Kimberly Dukes, Tara Tripp, Marian Willinger, Hein Odendaal, Amy J. Elliott, Hannah C. Kinney, Fay Robinson, Julie M. Petersen, Cheryl Raffo, Dale Hereld, Coen Groenewald, Jyoti Angal, Gary Hankins, Larry Burd, William P. Fifer, Michael M. Myers, Howard J. Hoffman, Lisa Sullivan, Gary D.V. Hankins, Kimberly A. Dukes, Lisa M. Sullivan, Cheri Raffo, Rebecca A. Young, Cindy Mai, Elena Grillo, Travis Baker, Patti Folan, Gregory Toland, Michael Carmen, Robin L. Haynes, Rebecca D. Folkerth, Ingrid A. Holm, Theonia Boyd, David S. Paterson, Hanno Steen, Kyriacos Markianos, Drucilla Roberts, Kevin G. Broadbelt, Richard G. Goldstein, Laura L. Nelsen, Jacob Cotton, Perri Jacobs, Elizabeth Berg, Jessica Gromer, H Eugene Hoyme, Margaret Jackson, Luke Mack, Bethany Norton, Bradley B. Randall, Mary Ann Sens, Liz Swenson, Deborah Tobacco, Peter Van Eerden, Hendrik Odendaal, Colleen Wright, Lut Geerts, Greetje de Jong, Pawel Schubert, Shabbir Wadee, Johan Dempers, Elsie Burger, Janetta Harbron, Erna Carstens, William Fifer, Michael Myers, Joseph Isler, Yvonne Sininger, J David Nugent, Carmen Condon, Margaret C. Shair, Tracy Thai, and Chuan-Ming Li
- Subjects
Adult ,Group based ,Health (social science) ,Alcohol Drinking ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gestational Age ,Toxicology ,Third trimester ,Biochemistry ,White People ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,South Africa ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Fetus ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Risk Factors ,Tobacco Smoking ,Humans ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Ethanol ,business.industry ,Smoking ,Pregnancy Outcome ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Mixed ancestry ,Neurology ,Cohort ,Indians, North American ,Smoking cessation ,Female ,Alcohol intake ,Self Report ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Demography - Abstract
Precise identification of drinking and smoking patterns during pregnancy is crucial to better understand the risk to the fetus. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the methodological approach used to define prenatal drinking and smoking trajectories from a large prospective pregnancy cohort, and to describe maternal characteristics associated with different exposure patterns. In the Safe Passage Study, detailed information regarding quantity, frequency, and timing of exposure was self-reported up to four times during pregnancy and at 1 month post-delivery. Exposure trajectories were developed using data from 11,692 pregnancies (9,912 women) where pregnancy outcome was known. Women were from three diverse populations: white (23%) and American Indian (17%) in the Northern Plains, US, and mixed ancestry (59%) in South Africa (other/not specified [1%]). Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify 5 unique drinking trajectories (1 none/minimal, 2 quitting groups, 2 continuous groups) and 7 smoking trajectories (1 none/minimal, 2 quitting groups, 4 continuous groups). Women with pregnancies assigned to the low- or high-continuous drinking groups were less likely to have completed high school and were more likely to have enrolled in the study in the third trimester, be of mixed ancestry, or be depressed than those assigned to the none/minimal or quit-drinking groups. Results were similar when comparing continuous smokers to none/minimal and quit-smoking groups. Further, women classified as high- or low-continuous drinkers were more likely to smoke at moderate-, high-, and very high-continuous levels, as compared to women classified as non-drinkers and quitters. This is the first study of this size to utilize group-based trajectory modeling to identify unique prenatal drinking and smoking trajectories. These trajectories will be used in future analyses to determine which specific exposure patterns subsequently manifest as poor peri- and postnatal outcomes.
- Published
- 2017