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Nowadays when information, knowledge is a driving force of development, when technical and scientific progress is in a spectacular ascent, a particular attention deserve to be paid to the quality of scientific publications. Strong competition in all the fields, including science and innovation, huge sources of information, challenges of life dictate the rules - prosper the best. It’s a well known fact that the quality of a scientific paper depends on the situation in the area, technical facilities and specialists’ professionalism. In addition to the ability to conduct investigations, to study thoroughly the processes, phenomena, the researcher must have competent skills of written, analysis and synthesis of scientific results. This article is going to facilitate the work of the actors involved in the writing of publication, to clarify the stages and issues related to these activities. Delimitation of steps in writing a scientific paper has a particularly important role in improving writing skills and sequencing activities, in efficient researcher’s time organization, in enhancing the quality of published materials. The practical implementation of these findings will contribute to the effective use of science results, will discipline researchers, experts, analysts, ensure transparency, comparability and reproducibility of the processes

The paper presents the results of a series of investigations on the indirect chronovoltametric dosing of alkaline earth metals, carried out in the Laboratory of the Analytical Chemistry at the Institute of Chemistry, currently called the Laboratory of Physicochemical Methods of Research and Analysis, conducted in 1971–1993 by the doctor of chemical sciences Ion Vatamanu. During the elaboration of the presented polarographic methods for determining the ions of alkaline-earth metals, a series of techniques were used to increase the sensitivity and selectivity of the determination. Based on two indirect polarographic methods for measuring alkaline earth metals, developed by Ion Vatamanu and coworkers and analyzed in this paper, two fundamental physicochemical principles were applied: (I) anion-induced adsorption of ligands adsorbed on the electrode surface and (II) thermodynamic determination of the optimal dosing conditions by calculating the conditional constants or the equilibrium chemical composition of complex reactant systems. The developed methods were used in the electrochemical analysis of standard alloy samples based on various metals, in the analysis of semiconductor systems, ferrous metals, nickel electrolytes, copper plating, cadmium plating, chromium plating, aluminum oxidation, wastewater analysis in galvanic baths, clays and limestones from Moldovan deposits, determination of pesticides, tanning extracts, dyes for the textile industry, etc.

Science can be seen as a process of obtaining new information. This process has a consecutive and collective character: any scientific work is based on a number of previously published ideas. In other words, new scientifi c papers appear as a result of the development or awareness of previous works. In case of the absence of barriers, the speed of growth in the number of scientific publications determines the level of science development and can be used also for prognosis of science and society development. Based on the analysis of the number of scientifi c papers published over the past 30 years, the author concludes that science and society are on the verge of unprecedented changes.

The importance of knowing and researching the transformations of content that arose in the national constitutional law after the historical act of proclaiming the independence of the Republic of Moldova on 27 August 1991 derives from the need to establish with precision whether the process of orienting the political system of the Republic of Moldova towards a liberal democracy as well as the tendencies in the institutional construction of the public authorities and the mechanisms of governance in terms of the functionality of the principle of the separation of powers in the state, can be considered positive that can develop according to the conceptual system of the contemporary constitutional doctrine, and not only. The paper debates with historical and theoretical considerations on the functionality of the principle of separation of powers in the Republic of Moldova, in order to analyse successively the functional capacity of the government in the Republic of Moldova, as well as the evolution of the central public authorities, and not only. The theoretical-scientific and practical-applicative researches carried out within the nominated project contain conclusions and recommendations, including legislative proposals de lege - ferenda aimed at improving the state’s legislative system, protecting citizens’ rights and freedoms, making central and local government more ecient, promoting integration processes, law enforcement, which in reality become known to a large circle of specialists involved in the examination, support and expertise of these works, the results being capitalized by the state authorities. The paper reflects the approaches of the theoreticians regarding the diff erent stages of development and practical manifestation of the mechanisms of governance in the Republic of Moldova through the separation of powers. Various aspects of the problem proposed in the scientific study have become, and we are sure, will be the subject of discussion for researchers and beyond.

The paper presents some historical aspects concerning the adoption of the Declaration of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova dated with 28.02.1996. It is regarding the process of adopting of the official position of the academic community, implicitly, towards the official denomination of the language which is spoken in the Republic of Moldova territory. The paper reveals the contribution of the Moldovan scientist to the establishment, promotion and circulation in this territory of the correct glotonim – Romanian language.

This paper reviews the crystal growth, basic properties, and principle of operation of III-nitride based terahertz devices. We provide a brief history and current status of crystal growth of polar and non-polar GaN-based heterostructures and its properties. The role of spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization in polar III-nitride structures and its impact on performance of terahertz devices is discussed in detail. In this paper we report on the recent progress of the theoretical and experimental studies of GaN-based THz QCLs, RTDs and Gunn diodes. We show that GaN-based semiconductor compounds are promising materials for fabrication terahertz sources operating up to room temperature due to their unique properties such as large bandgap and conduction band offset (CBO) energy, high LO-phonon energy, and high resistant to the high breakdown electric field. Moreover, it was established that the GaN-based terahertz sources can cover the spectral region of 5-12 THz, which is very important for THz imaging and detection of explosive materials, and which could be not covered by conventional GaAs-based terahertz devices. In terms of the reported significant progress in growth of non-polar m-plane GaN-based heterostructures and devices with low density defects, it is open a wide perspective towards design and fabrication of non-polar m-plane GaN-based high power terahertz sources with capabilities of operation at room temperature.

The paper presents some historical aspects concerning the adoption of the Decision of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova nr. 75 dated with 09.09.1994. It is regarding the process of adopting of the official position of the academic community, implicitly, towards the official denomination of the language which is spoken in the Republic of Moldova territory. The paper reveals the contribution of the Moldovan scientists to the establishment, promotion and circulation in this territory of the correct glotonim – Romanian language.

Presented paper concerns problems which arise together with growing of databases of scanned ancient texts. Historical text saved as image is unsuited for modern methods of textual information processing. Automatic digitization resolves this problem, but requires specific methods for presentation of unusual today scripting. This paper presents the solution for digitizing of Romanian Cyrillic of printed texts of transitional period 1830-1860.

This paper contemplates on the evolution of engineering sciences development in the Republic of Moldova in the postwar period. The author emphasizes the place and role of engineering sciences at different stages reflected in the decisions of the party (until 1990) and State powers, reveals chronologically the establishment of and support to the priorities regarding science development by directions and fields. Also, the author discloses the reasons for reticence in supporting engineering sciences in the first 15 years of the postwar period and highlights the factors which favored the rapid expansion of their development later. The author tends to tackle the thesis, rooted in our society so far, that Moldovan economy has grown mainly as agricultural one and scarcely industrial. The author makes reference to the complexity, high quality and importance of scientific-practical engineering accomplishments achieved in 107 institutions authorized with research and innovation, which were later implemented into a vast listing of scientointensive industrial products, manufactured at the production facilities of the domestic industrial complex. The paper highlights the valuable scientific achievements of some research and technological development schools of reference in engineering.

Based on unpublished documents, eyewitness reports, as well as specialized literature – the historical context concerning the creation of Moldavian SSR Academy of Sciences is briefly outlined. In the paper the founders and scientific forum presidents are presented, as well as data about academic research infrastructure, human resources etc. in the years 1961–1990. Among textual material the paper contains archival photographs and documents.

The treatment of national central bank’s independence raises more extensive questions in period of financial crisis management. The importance of this subject has increased researches in the context of the application of monetary finance prohibition to the public sector by the national central banks, and maintaining monetary policy in society. Present paper describes the views of researchers on the independence of national central banks and the practical aspects designed over the years. Those allow assessing the degree of independence of central banks in performing the basic tasks. Additionally in use of comparative and historic data, the paper analyzed the research views on principle of independence of national central banks versus the opinions of European Central Bank. The paper highlights the need to ensure by the state the application of interdiction of monetary finance to the public sector and the independence of the national central banks. The current paper is actual by underlining the independence of national central banks in the management of financial crisis as a crucial issue, including the Moldovan banking system.

This paper addresses the problems of increasing the profitability of pork for local entities through the non parametric linear programming models. The paper devoted to this problem remain unknown decomposition sources of growth and profitability entity identification standard of the analysis. Assessment of the type of resource efficiency allows to determine the amount of return depending return to the previous period and assessed according to standard entity through nonparametric model. In that study were taken into account economic situations 140 entities specialized in raising pigs for meat from Moldova level of positive economic return.

Investigation of phase transitions related to changes in the crystalline structure of solid state materials represents an extremely important area of condensed mater physics, since they lead to reconfiguration of all the solid state physical properties, including electrical, optical, vibrational, elastic and mechanical properties. Hydrostatic pressure is one of the basic factors leading to the realization of phase transitions. Gaining knowledge of regularities and peculiarities of pressure induced phase transitions is important both from the fundamental and applicative point of view. In spite of multilateral investigation of this subject in elemental, binary and some ternary compounds, less attention has been paid to ordered-vacancy compounds. At the same time, possibilities to control the stoichiometric defects by applying hydrostatic pressure open new opportunities for defect engineering in such compounds. This review paper summarizes the results of investigations of phase transitions in ternary AIIBIII 2 CVI 4 compounds, which represent a subclass of ordered-vacancy compounds. Investigations were performed by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and optical absorption spectroscopy in crystals with initial crystallographic structure from three categories, including tetragonal, spinel, and rhombohedral layered structures. The dynamics of pressure induced changes is described. The regularities and the systematics of phase transitions in this class of semiconductor materials are revealed.

Milk is an excellent source of well-balanced nutrients and shows, also, biological activity that influence digestion, metabolic responses to absorbed nutrients and disease resistance. In this paper, 3 yogurt samples were made from a mixture of goat’s and cow’s milk: 3: 1; 1: 1; 1: 3. The quality characteristics were evaluated by means of physico-chemical indices (acidity, pH, syneresis, viscosity, total dry matter, fat content, protein content, aw, ash content), microbiological (total number of microorganisms and yeasts) and organoleptics. For the yogurt made from milk mixture in a ratio of 1: 1, higher quality indices were observed than the other samples, namely: an increase in the number of lactic acid bacteria more intense (0.98 ± 0.024 μ), respectively a higher lactic acid content (63,398 ± 0.022 g · dm-3), lowering of the pH value (6.75 ± 0.03-4.55 ± 0.01) and more special organoleptic characteristics: fine and homogeneous curd, without gas bubbles, pleasant taste and smell, without syneresis. This yogurt sample also showed the best results during the storage period (1-15 days).

Entrepreneurship education is an essential premise for involving young people in entrepreneurial activities and the teaching methods are extremely important in increasing the capacity of individuals to assimilate knowledge and stimulate young people’s interest in entrepreneurship. The paper aims to identify the specific of teaching methods used in Moldovan educational institutions, based on the survey of young people – mainly students, masters and doctoral students from universities and students from the technical vocational education institutions, who studied the entrepreneurship course. The survey involved 289 students. The questioning was done face to face or in groups. The results of the study showed that, most of the students highly appreciated such methods that combine theory with practice (such as business plan development), as well as methods that motivate students’ activity and cooperation between students and teachers (interactive lessons, group work). Less attractive to young people were economic and mathematical methods (except for doctoral students) and the analysis of legislation by example. Considering that the students show a greater interest for the practical and interactive aspect of the course teaching, one of the conclusions emphasizes that it is relevant to practice the teaching methods, based on the use of experience and experiments (role plays; imitations, etc.).

Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) proved to be a rapid, reliable and cost-effective method for soil analysis, but its prediction accuracy relies on the proper calibration model. In this paper, NIR spectroscopy in combination with partial least-squares regression (PLSR) was used to predict soil chemical properties on regional and local scales. The results obtained show a higher potential of NIRS to assess soil fertility on local scale, compared to a regional scale, with excellent prediction for organic C, carbonates and total N content (R2 ≥ 0.98 and RPD > 6), and good prediction for soil pH (R2 =0.88 and RPD > 3).

The theory of superconductivity of metals with overlapping energy bands has been elaborated by V. A. Moscalenco in 1958, published in 1959 and confi rmed experimentally in 2001 when has been discovered the property of superconductivity of the compound MgB2 . This theory takes into account the real properties of the metals and is known as the bizonal or multizonal theory. The fundamental microscopic theory of superconductivity elaborated by J. Bardeen, L. N. L.R. Cooper and Schrieffer (BCS) and N. N. Bogoliubov contains the universal results, without properties of the concrete metal. The bizonal theory was the fi rst which contains such information about the properties of superconducting metals. For example the BCS theory gives the universal value 1.43 for the jump of thermal capacity at critical temperature. The theory of superconductivity with overlapping bands was elaborated independently but latter by american authors Suhl, Mathias and Walker. Their paper was sent to publication 15 XI 1959 and published 15 XII 1959 after the publication in October of 1959 of the paper of V. A. Moscalenco (paper of V. A. Moscalenco was sent to print in October of 1958). The basic idea of the Moscalenco’s paper is the formation of Cooper electron pairs in one energy band and their tunneling as a whole to the other bands obtaining additional attraction between pairs. As the consequence of existence of the crystalline anisotropy and tunneling process of the Cooper pairs new effects appear in Moscalenco’s theory as for example, the essential dependence of the thermodynamic properties of nonmagnetic impurities and other.

The paper aimed to investigate the influence of UV radiation on the conidia germination and vegetative growth of the fungal strains Beauveria bassiana CNMN-FE-01 and Cordyceps fumosorosea CNMN-FE-02, potential biological control agents of weevils. It was established that UV-B radiation (λ = 312 nm) significantly reduces the viability of conidia, the highest decrease being attested after 30 min. of exposure. However, the radial growth rate of the investigated fungal strains was not significantly affected by exposure of conidia to UV-B rays (p = 0,443 and 0,349, respectively.

This paper is a synthesis research based on the review of both scientific literature in the field and some aspects related to the methodology of transition of the educational process of an educational institution from the traditional format to that of digitalized studies, supported in a hybrid format and/or on-line. The author reflects the dynamics of the vision of researchers around the world, reviewing application landmarks related to the digital didactic process from the pre-pandemic and pandemic period from the perspective of the educational management involvement.

The article is dedicated to the processes of collecting and publishing music folklore in villages located on both banks of the Nistru river for about 100 years. There are presented about 20 folklore collections, from multiple perspectives: the methodological approach of time, the personalities who collected, transcribed and published the musical folklore from the Nistru area. In addition, the period of approximately one century of folklore collection and publication is structured in two-time segments: years 1920–1958 and 1958–present, the „turning” mark being considered the year for the first folk collection accompanied by a scientific paper – The Moldavian folk song, by Lidia Axionov, a well-known musicologist.

The paper presents the results of research conducted during the years 2015–2020 and the analysis of the influence of changing climatic conditions during the year on plant development, the number of crops obtained from gooseberry, Josta, black currant, red currant and white currant. The average fruit harvest obtained for the studied species varies depending on several factors, especially on the species, variety and changing climatic conditions of the year. Among the studied species, the gooseberry is the most productive, followed by the hybrid Josta, the red currant, the black currant and the white currant. As a result, the analysis of the data obtained regarding the fruit production allowed us to establish that depending on the species, the harvest of gooseberry varied between 7.36-11.9 t/ha, on Josta between 4.7-8.2 t/ha, for black currant – 4.3-8.1 t/ha, red currant – 4.3-8.5 t t/ha and for white currant – 3.7-7.8 t/ha. The crop according to variety increases the harvest on gooseberry by 3.13 %, blackcurrant by 1.49%, red currant by 2.99 %, and the harvest of white currant is not influenced by variety. In the conditions of a favorable year (year 2015), high harvests were obtained for the black currant with 8.1 t/ha; in 2016 year for gooseberry with 11.8 t/ha, Josta – 8.2 t/ha, red currant – 8.5 t/ha, for white currant – 8.2 t/ha. In the conditions of an unfavorable year (year 2020 compared to 2016), the harvest decreased on gooseberry by 36.1%, Josta by 42.7 %, black currant by 46.9 %, red currant by 49.4%, white currant by 52.6 %

The paper includes data on the wood-boring species Rhagium inquisitor in the Republic of Moldova. The first mention of the species dated 1964 was from Ivancea. Later, in 2007 the species was collected from Pinus sylvestris in Chisinau. The last records dated 2022 on the territory of the Republic of Moldova are from three new other localities, namely Susleni-Cobaleni, Nisporeni, and Stejareni. CABI considers Rhagium inquisitor a dangerous pest. In the Republic of Moldova, the species was seldom found and only under the bark of dried coniferous trees, consuming and recycling deadwood.

In the paper, from the position of the sanocreatological conception on the formation and the maintenance of psychic processes, one of the dogmata of Marxism - labour supposedly created the man itself that is stated in the Engels’ paper „The role of labour in the process of transformation of the ape into the man” (1896) - has been analysed. Some conclusive proofs sustaining that transformation of the ape into the man was determined by the development of consciousness, creative capabilities and the social form of life sustenance are adduced. Labour, the development of both speech and language, sense organs evolution furthered the intensifi cation of the formation and the development of the man.

Scientometric analysis based on the time distribution of number of scientifi c papers published by Moldavian scientists in the most prestigious international scientifi c journals as well as on an amount of citations of these papers has been carried out for the time slice 1972 – 2010. The obtained statistical data and their analysis unambiguously showed the unprecedented growth of contribution of Moldavian scientists on a world-wide information process after 2004. This phenomenon is related with new type of science administration due to enactment of “Science Code” and intensifi cation of international scientific cooperation.

The paper Contributions to Cantemirian iconography. An unknown portray of Smaragda-Ecaterina Cantemir-Goliţân is listing the recent investigations and fi ndings that are bringing evidence to the fact that Dimitrie Cantemir and his descendants in Russia were open to Western Europe cultural trends, element confi rmed by the fact that they were inviting masters from France, Italy and other countries European countries to paint their family members portrays. Several paintings were exposed in their residences from Sankt-Petersburg and Moscow. During a visit in 2008 of the „A.S.Puşkin” Fine Arts Museum the authors of the paper indentified an unknown portray of princes Ekaterina Dimitrievna Goliţina [Cantemir] painted in Paris in 1757 by Jean-Marc Nattier (1685-1766).

This paper presents a short survey of the results of elaboration and investigation of novel methods, schemes, and algorithms of synchronous multi-zone space-vector modulation of signals in power electronic converters of electrical energy parameters, focused on improvement of operation efficiency of converter-based transport-oriented electric drives and of photovoltaic power conversion systems, which were published mainly in the two-year period 2019–2020. These methods and algorithms of synchronous pulse-width modulation (PWM) allow providing continuous synchronization and symmetries of waveforms of the converters output voltage, with minimization of undesirable sub-harmonics in spectra of voltage and current, and also with minimization of undesirable common-mode voltage in electric transport systems and in photovoltaic systems, which leads to corresponding loss reduction and efficiency increasing of these systems.

In the Republic of Moldova, the oilseed crop sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) occupies consistent cultivation areas (about 25 % of arable land), which is constantly growing. Trends in agricultural systems from recent decades (intensification and specialization of production), associated with intensive use of agrochemicals (pesticides and fertilizers), irrational land use, non-compliance with crop rotations etc. have led to declining soil quality, biodiversity loss, a significant increase in the incidence of diseases and pests and the vulnerability of agricultural ecosystems to climate change. In order to address the principles of sustainable and ecological agriculture, it is interesting to know in depth the current situation of biotechnologies for sunflower cultivation and the incidence and severity of pathogen attack. This paper reflects the results of analyzes conducted based on farmers’ opinion survey, focused mainly on parameters such as areas cultivated with sunflower, types of cultivated hybrids, geographical distribution of sunflower-specific pathogens, applied agricultural practices etc.

In the present paper, the redox processes in the aquatic environment were studied, by conducting fundamental research and the mechanisms of chemical reactions with the participation of natural oxidizing agents in the presence of transition metals. It is a synthesis of scientific results including a new vision regarding the chemical reactions with one or two electrons transfer, which explains how the free radicals and complex compounds with partial charge transfer are formed. This view includes an explanation for the phenomenon of aggressive free radical generation that “kills” biota, rather than destroying pollutants, and why the intermediate particles resulting from chemical and biochemical processes act much softer.

The research paper presents the results of the study on a stimulatory feeding of bees using natural chitosan polydisperse. It was found that the optimal dose of the natural chitosan polydisperse use is 2.0 ml of 3 % sugar syrup solution/L in bee feed. The use of the chitosan polydisperse in the stimulator feed during the autumn period on replenishment of reserves ensures an increase in immunity and winter hardiness by 15.09 %. During the spring period it increases bee family strength by 59,2 % and honey production by 97,8 % in the absence of a maintenance honey crop, which is more than the control group, or with 12.1 % and 19.2 % respectively – standard.

The paper presents the main results and implementing the scientific concept on the new Public Health in Moldova, including Moldova Public Health Strategy, designing individual health and public health. A special role is attributed to integrated approach of health hazards; mitigation of cardiovascular leading factors risk; important issues underlying the development of new prophylactic vision of the cancer diseases; reduce the impact of radiogenic risk on environmental pollution with radionuclides and public health, and decrease of the risk of environmental pollution by pesticides.

At present, the textile industry is one of the important sources of environmental pollution with toxic compounds. The uncontrolled discharge of contaminant effluents generates negative effects on the environment causing damage to aquatic fauna and flora. This paper aims to examine this type of wastewater and to assess the performance of removing textile pollutants from model systems by applying electrochemical processes after the calculation of the COD values. The obtained results reveal that the systems with direct red dye content (DR81, 50 %) and hydrophilic auxiliary substances have a lower efficiency (94 %) if compared to the model systems that include auxiliaries with hydrophobic properties (94-97 %). In the presence of PDAMDAC flocculant, the efficiency has increased from 93 to 99 % for the electro-flotation method and from 96 to 99 % for electro-flotation/coagulation. Likewise, the flocculant reduces the formation interval of the floaters, increases their size, stability, and sedimentation speed. So, the dose of coagulant has reduced by five times, while the COD values, by two times.

Orobanche cumana Wallr. – a root parasitic weed that causes immense damage to sunflower crop, is a polymorphic species characterized by the existence of a series of biotypes, called physiological races, which differ depending on their ability to parasitize a certain genotype of host plant. The co-evolution host-parasite, as a result of specific gene-for-gene interactions, and the pressure on the broomrape by the continuous introduction of resistant sunflower hybrids favors the periodic emergence of new races of the parasite, which overcome existing resistance genes. This paper gives an overview on the chronology of the evolution of broomrape races in different countries of the world and presents some current analyses on the racial status of O. cumana in a number of sunflower-growing countries, such as China, Turkey, Bulgaria, Serbia, Spain, Ukraine and Romania.

The article contains details on technologies for assessing the credibility of information on the Web. Special attention is paid to social networks and to the most important aspects of the distribution of incredible information on the Internet. The paper analyzes the basic features of several tools for verifying the credibility of the Web sources. Given that Web tools mostly check the content of sites, but not whether the Web address of the site is real, Web address verification technologies have been researched. Necessary suggestions were made in checking the site before you start reading the information on the Web.

The paper analyzes the experience of evaluation and organization of research project competitions through the prism of the „State Program 2020–2023” competition held in the Republic of Moldova. The advantages and disadvantages of the two major evaluation methods are highlighted: peer review and bibliometric evaluation, but also alternative ways of evaluating and selecting projects. Taking into account the shortcomings established in the process of organizing national competitions, the author proposes the organization of competitions for research projects in the Republic of Moldova through a combination of bibliometric evaluation and a lottery.

This paper aims to study the degradation and oxidation/mineralization process of cephalexin in model systems using Fenton’s reagent for UV irradiation (λ = 254 nm). The effect of pH (2-11), concentration of H2 O2 (0,34- 34 mg/L) and concentration of Fe(II) (0-28 mg/L) on the degradation of 50 mg/L CPX were investigated. It has been determined optimum conditions for photocatalytic oxidation of CPX. Increasing the amount of H2 O2 plays an inhibitory role in the production of hydroxyl radicals and reduces the process efficiency. This can be attributed to the reaction of excess peroxide with • OH and the formation of HO2 • , which has less oxidizing power compared to free hydroxyl radical. And as the concentration of the catalyst increases to the optimum, the excess of Fe(II) ions reacts with the hydroxyl radical and, therefore, the efficiency of the process also is reduced. Accordingly, the optimum degradation efficiency of 88 % and 83% for COD was obtained under the following conditions: pH 2,5, H2 O2 concentration – 3,4 mg/L, Fe(II) ions concentration – 5,6 mg/L, cephalexin concentration – 50 mg/L, and reaction time – 60 min. Thus, the current study demonstrated that the photo-Fenton reactor can be used effectively as an advanced oxidation treatment unit for degradation of cephalexin under optimized environmental conditions.

The European integration of the Republic of Moldova can be facilitated by the alignment of organizations, including research institutes and laboratories, with good practices recognized at the international level, many of them being described in documents prepared by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). For scientific research activities carried out in laboratories, such practices are described in the ISO / IEC 17025: 2017 standard „General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories”. The paper represents a synthesis of the quality assurance methods in the research and development activity carried out in the scientific research laboratories, offered by the above standard. The approaches of the standard on the primary conditions that can ensure valid results to meet the requirements and expectations of the beneficiaries of research results are described, so as to obtain and maintain long-term confidence of all stakeholders in laboratory work and scientific truth obtained in experimental research.

The paper includes the fauna and ecology of ladybugs (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from various natural and agricultural ecosystems of the Republic of Moldova collected during 2008–2021 years and the specimens from the Museum of Entomology, Institute of Zoology collected between 1954–1979 years. In total, 23 species from 16 genera of Coccinellidae family were recorded.

The paper presents the evaluation of the heavy content in the soils of the Balti urban ecosystem. Is predominates typically moderately humiferous chernozem soils. Based on the obtained results, it was established that the soils pH is weak-alkaline. The content of heavy metals in the edaphic component in some research sites exceeded the Alert Threshold for Pb, Cu, Zn. Values of total Pb content ranged from low to very high (18.5-98.61 mg/kg), Cu from low (17.48 mg/kg) to very high (134.63 mg/kg), Zn from low (38.92 mg/kg) to very high (311.34 mg/kg). Greater pollution with these heavy metals was founds in the Central-Western part of the city. For Cr were recorded very low content, and Ni – medium. Because the pH of the soil is weak-alkaline, these concentrations do not pose a danger to biotic components.

This paper represents a retrospective of the life and activity of one of the founders of the Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian RSS – academician Antonie Ablov. Archival information is provided, but also from the memoirs of those who knew him (disciples, colleagues, and offspring). The life of the scientist is the expression of the age in which he worked. It was marked, in addition to a brilliant career, by illusions and controversies generated by the Soviet system.

Within the identity processes that nowadays occur in our cultural area, society invests many practical and symbolic significances in the traditional blouse with embroidery on the shoulder, which is the most representative item of the traditional costume. Its high prestige and national value served as motivation for recommending The Art of the traditional blouse with embroidery on the shoulder (altiță) – an element of cultural identity of Romania and the Republic of Moldova, for inscription on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The UNESCO perspective on the intangible cultural heritage regards the living state of elements, the responsibility assumed by bearer communities, by state institutions and civil society, offering as well new research visions for the academic communities. The paper proposes an outline of the problems of the domain from this perspective.

This paper researches the nonlinear cooperative transfer of atomic energy in the vacuum field of the cavity. Many scientists are concerned about a more detailed study of the cooperation interactions between different subsystems of quantum processes. Based on the theory of resonant interaction with two photons, between two active dipole atoms and a forbidden dipole in resonance with two photons, the author examines for the first time the resonance effect in two ways of the cavity. In some situations, the so-called quantum inseparability needs a new redefinition in order to describe the process that occurs between the photons belonging to these two modes of the cavity. In such a situation, it is better to study the quantum properties of collective modes arising from nonlinear interactions between traditional modes of the electromagnetic field cavity.

Emil Racovita’s destiny as a pathfinder may seem pretty well-known. The coordinates of his memorialistic literature, however, represent almost a terra incognita. Legitimizing the journey as an important means of translating impressions into memoirs, our paper focuses on the poetics, broadly speaking, found in the Romanian explorer Emil Racovita’s journal. Without being ignored from the great local travelers’ gallery – along with other emigrants such as Nicolae Milescu, Dinicu Golescu, Iuliu Popper, Ioan Xantus, Francis Binder, Dimitrie Ghica and his son Nicholas, etc., but on other coordinates – the researcher from Iași lingers in our memoirs through his exceptional account of the Antarctic expedition (episodes about Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego as well as those on anchoring „Belgica” for 13 months on hostile lands). Although the assiduous traveler’s memories are somewhat surpassed by the scientist’s observations, the minimalism of the artistic memorandum reveals a touching spirit, pervaded alike by the memory of the eternal ice. All these can be found in some sequences from the sailors’ adventure on the antarctic vessel, in some fragments from the wanderings of the explorer Emil Racovita, preceded by a short biography.

The angiosperm Orobanche cumana Wallr. (broomrape) is an obligatory root parasite, specific to sunflower crop. The main strategy to ensure the reduction of the negative impact of broomrape remains to be the development of resistant genotypes. This paper represents a synthetic analysis of the data related to sunflower genes for resistance to broomrape races, mapping of major genes and quantitative traits loci (QTL) with minor effects in resistance, as well as vertical and horizontal resistance mechanisms, in general, and the function of the genes involved in resistance, in particular. The study highlights the relevance of genetico-molecular, biochemical and physiological analyzes in this field and the importance of breeding programs focused on the development of sunflower genotypes incorporating multiple resistance genes in order to achieve the durable resistance.

The development of microelectronic technologies provides more and more solutions for System on Chip with increasing processing power, which has allowed to multiply in an increased tempo the number of embedded devices. A great advantage is brought by the project development platforms through configuration and code generation, involving the reduction of the effort to adapt the reusable resources within the project and their formal configuration. Following the use of such automation technologies, the development effort is focused to meet the high-level functional requirements and application configuration using of formal or metalanguage methods. In this paper is proposed a method of developing embedded systems by configuration and code generation based on JSON metamodels coming at the end with a practical realization of such a system.

The paper presents data on a new species of cicada for the fauna of the Republic of Moldova – Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) (Hemiptera, Flatidae) important pest of ornamental plants in parks and green spaces, and for productive horticultural plants (fruit trees and the common grape vine). The species is native to eastern North America, widespread in the United States, Mexico and Cuba. It was first mentioned in Europe (Italy) in 1979.

This paper aims to present the role of marketing creativity and how it can be applied in public health. Thus, there is a need to intersect three areas: marketing, public health and ethics. The idea of applying creative thinking does not refer only to promotion, but to the whole marketing complex, including: product, price and placement, and this can lead to ethical dilemmas, especially in the field of public health. The present article illustrates the connection between social marketing creativity and the ethical limits in which it is to be integrated. Promotion is the most visible element in the marketing mix, which is why in this research were analyzed five social video spots in terms of marketing creativity.

Obtaining of sunflower hybrids (Helianthus annuus L.) resistant to broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) is one of the most effective strategies for parasite control. In this context, the principal objective of the breeders is to identify new sources of resistance for sunflower broomrape and to transfer the genes of resistance into genotypes included in the breeding programs. Over time, various sources of resistance to broomrape have been highlighted, the most important being open pollinated local populations and wild species, and lately – the collections of cultivated sunflower created by sunflower breeding centers. This paper includes a brief description of principal sources of resistance for sunflower broomrape and of the evolution of breeding programs.

In this paper, based on an archival and bibliographic material, is analyzed the evolution of the complex of utilitarian and cult constructions from one of the most representative monasteries in Bessarabia, Harbovat, in the tsarist and interwar period. During the nineteenth century we observe several distinct stages. The first stage corresponds to the period of Archimandrite Seraphim, when one of the oldest buildings on the territory of the complex was built, which has survived to the present day – the church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary

The paper analyses the trends in the attestation of scientific and scientific-teaching staff in the Republic of Moldova in 2019. The confirmation of the scientific and scientific-didactic titles, the approval of the quality of PhD supervisor, the recognition and equivalence of the highly qualified documents obtained abroad are analysed according to several criteria: number of evaluated persons, their structure according to the scientific field, the affiliated institution and so on. There is a decrease in the number of people who have obtained diplomas, certificates and certificates of attestation, but also the maintenance of tendencies and problems in the attestation process, characteristics in previous years.

The world population has exceeded 7 billion people and is forecasted to reach beyond 11 billion by 2100. Annual crop loss to pests alone account for 25-30 % of the global crop losses. Conventional agriculture is associated with problems of pest’s control and pesticide accumulations. Genetic modification, as area of biotechnology, concerns with the manipulation of the genetic material in living organisms and oriented to mitigate several current challenges in agriculture. Despite the above controversies being proven unfounded, GM crops are linked with potential health risks and genetic hazards associated to them. The main critical questions about the new traits is the extent to which will contribute to feeding the world in the future. The investment in these emerging genetic-engineering technologies and in a variety of other approaches should be made, because it will be critical for decreasing the risk of global and local food shortages. This paper presents the conceptual vision, concerns and the future trends, highlighting the crucial role of ecological agriculture both in environmental protection, as well as social and economic sectors.